大规模城镇化对黄淮海地区气候及水资源影响的数值试验

黄淮海地区是我国传统的农耕区，也是经济快速发展、城镇化进程快速推进的区域之一，使得该地区植被覆盖发生了明显变化。为研究城镇化对气候与水资源的影响，应用RegCM3区域气候模式，通过控制试验和敏感性试验，在保证积分时间（2001-2005年）的情况下，输出降水、蒸发、温度、湿度、土壤水分、径流、整层水汽含量等资料，利用敏感性试验和控制试验输出量的差值，来分析黄淮海地区城镇化对气候和水资源要素的影响情况。结果表明，城镇化对研究地区气候及水资源造成的影响主要表现在使局地风场减弱、降水减少、地面气温增加、空气湿度减小、水资源总量减少、土壤含水量减少和地表径流增加等方面，从而对气候和水资源造成影响。

Numerical Experiment on the Impact of the Urbanizing on Regional Climate and Water Resources in Huanghe Huaihe Haihe Zone

Numerical experiment has been carried out over HHH (Huanghe Huaihe Haihe) zone by using regional climate model RegCM3 for 5 years (2001-2005). The simulation has two tests, a control test and a sensitivity test on urbanizing conditions. The output results of the regional climate model are precipitation, evaporation, temperature, humidity, soil moisture, runoff, and the total water vapor content. The difference value between sensitivity test and control test responds to the influence of vegetation variation on regional climate and water resources in HHH zone. The results showed that the urbanization could weaken the local wind field, decrease rainfall and water resources and make the temperature increase. The variations resulting in the autumn drought happen easily, the floods became more severity because of the increasing of runoff in summer. The urbanization caused the decreasing of soil moisture holding capacity, and stimulated the vegetation degradation greatly. Accordingly, the climate abnormity and the shortening of water resources in HHH zone transformed tempestuously, and led to the ecological environment deteriorating.