基于GIS的区域地质调查数字制图--以1∶5万<里庄幅>为例

本文以 1∶5万里庄幅为例 ,阐述了运用GIS系统对区调过程中各种资料的处理与编辑方法 ,并介绍了数字制图方法及工艺流程 ,提出了GIS系统在 1∶5万区调工作中的应用前景     

基于GIS的区域地质调查数字制图——以1∶5万《里庄幅》为例

本文以1：5万里庄幅为例，阐述了运用G1S系统对区调过程中各种资料的处理与编辑方法，并介绍了数字制图方法及工艺流程，提出了GIS系统在1：5万区调工作中的应用前景。     

Zircon U‐Pb age,Trace Element,and Hf Isotopic Compositions of Nordmarkite in the Lizhuang Rare Earth Element Deposit in the Western Margin of the Yangtze Block

The Mianning–Dechang(MD) rare earth element(REE) belt, located in the northern Kangdian axis(KDA) in the western margin of the Yangtze platform, is one of the most economically significant REE mineral belts in China. REE mineralization is associated with Himalayan carbonatite–alkaline complexes. The Lizhuang nordmarkite occurred in the northern part of the MD REE belt. The majority of zircons from the Lizhuang nordmarkite are characterized by pronounced positive Ce yet slightly negative Eu anomalies and high U/Yb. Moreover, all zircons have stable Hf isotopic compositions with initial ~(176) Hf/(~(177)Hf) ratios ranging from 0.282739 to 0.282808 and an average value of 0.282773. The negative Lu/Hf and positive ε_(Hf)(t) range from-0.98 to-0.94(average value of-0.96) and from-0.56 to 1.89(the majority is positive, with an average of 0.66), respectively. These characteristics indicate that the rock is derived from an enriched mantle and subducted material. LA-ICP-MS analysis of the zircons from the intrusion yields a weighted mean ~(206)Pb/(~(238)U) age of 28.57±0.61 Ma. During this period, the tectonic activity in the KDA is not plate subduction but an intraplate tectonic exhibiting fold–thrust and strike–slip behaviors in the western marginal zone of the Yangtze platform(WMYB). We suggest the possibility of an existing eastward old slab subduction under WMYB combined with a regional tectonic evolution. The Lizhuang nordmarkite may be derived from an enriched mantle beneath the western part of the Yangtze craton, which originated from the remelting of the Tethys subducting slab, because of the Himalayan strike–slip that formed a special type of REE deposit called strike–slip-type REE deposits.     

四川冕宁里庄稀土元素矿床矿石类型及金云母Ar-Ar年龄

四川冕宁-德昌稀土元素成矿带长约270 km,宽15 km,该成矿带包括牦牛坪超大型、大陆槽大型、木落寨中型和里庄小型稀土元素矿床及一系列矿点和矿化点。里庄稀土元素矿床作为矿带中唯一矿化特征以细脉浸染状为主的矿床,该矿床细脉浸染状矿化特征的成因和围岩蚀变特征尚未得到详细研究。文章将通过详细野外调查和室内研究,总结矿石类型和碳酸岩、正长岩蚀变特征,揭示细脉浸染状矿化特征的成因。研究表明,里庄矿床矿石类型以细脉浸染状为主,兼有少量角砾状。细脉浸染状矿石呈致密块状,矿物共生组合主要为氟碳铈矿+方解石+萤石+天青石+金云母,大规模的氟碳铈矿形成于热液阶段晚期并叠加在早期方解石、萤石和天青石等脉石矿物之上。细脉浸染状矿石全岩稀土元素配分显示LREE富集(33430×10~(-6)～46530×10~(-6)),HREE亏损(160×10~(-6)～192×10~(-6)),稀土元素总量高(33620×10~(-6)～46690×10~(-6)),全岩稀土元素配分特征与碳酸岩和正长岩相似,但后两者稀土元素总量较低。与牦牛坪发育脉状矿化系统、大陆槽角砾岩筒系统相比,里庄矿化特征以细脉浸染状为主,其可能是由于张性裂隙不发育造成的。区内正长岩-碳酸岩杂岩体广泛发育强烈的蚀变作用。正长岩发育典型霓长岩化,这种蚀变以钾长石被钠长石交代为特征,并形成次生鳞片状黑云母,少量半自形氟碳铈矿叠加在钠长石和黑云母之上。碳酸岩广泛发育红化,其原生表面洁净的方解石被流体交代,大量氟碳铈矿叠加在蚀变方解石之上。矿区矿体赋存在正长岩-碳酸岩杂岩体中,BSE图像及显微镜观察显示氟碳铈矿叠加在蚀变碳酸岩-正长岩之上,结合已有数据发现矿石及部分脉石矿物与碳酸岩-正长岩在微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成特征的一致,表明碳酸岩-正长岩杂岩体提供了本矿床稀土元素矿化的物质来源。此次研究中发现,在里庄矿床中大量发育与氟碳铈矿密切共生的金云母。文章对该金云母进行了Ar-Ar同位素测年,获得金云母形成年龄为(26.0±1.1)Ma,误差范围内与已报道的氟碳铈矿SIMS Th-Pb年龄和正长岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄一致,进一步说明REE成矿与正长岩-碳酸岩在成因上具有一致性。