Optimized Composition of Functional Bacteria for Bioremediation of Sediment Environment of Shrimp Culture

After the single-strain abilities of organic-pollutant-degrading bacteria in bioremediation of sediment environment of shrimp culture are determined, the multistrain degrading effect of the compositions of different strains is measured. The results indicate that the multi-strains groups have higher degrading ability than the single-strain groups. Three-strain groups are better than two-strain groups, and fourstrain groups are better than three-strain groups and five-strain groups, the groups composed of strains Lt7222, Lt7511. Fc6308 and Gy7018 has the best degrading effect, the CODMn removal rate is 73.2 % in 66 h, and gets to 82.7% in 114 h. 30% higher than that of the best single-strain group; Groups of Lt7222. Lt7511. Lt7451 and Gy7018 are the second, whose CODMn removal rate is 82.1% in 114 h. It is suggested that multi-species bacteria be used as thnctional bacteria in bioremediation of mariculture environment.     

汞、砷、铬、苯酚对东方对虾幼体急性致毒的实验研究

通过实验室内的短期实验评价了砷、汞、铬、苯酚对东方对虾溞状幼体和糠虾幼体的毒性分别给出了各毒性对不同对虾幼体的96h LC_(50)。     

虾池环境生物修复作用菌的生产发酵与菌体收集工艺优化

为了实现所筛选的对虾养殖环境生物修复作用菌的产业化生产,本文选择三株具有高效降解有机污染物能力的菌株为代表,对作用菌的发酵生产和菌体收集工艺进行了优化。结果表明,作用菌的最适发酵培养基配方(g/L)为蛋白胨 25,酵母粉 5,磷酸铁 0.2,灭菌前培养基的 pH 可先调为 8.0,搅拌方式为搅拌1h 间隔 1h, 出罐时间以 20h 为宜。菌体收集以等电点沉降法效率最高、成本最低,其中菌株 Lt7222 的最适沉降 pH 为 3.67、Gy7018 为 4.02、Lt7511 为 3.40。菌体回收率可达 90 %,回收后菌体的存活能力几乎不受影响。     

胜利原油对对虾受精卵及幼体发育的影响

我们于1980—1981年系统地观察研究了胜利原油对渤,黄海对虾(Penaeus orientalis)的受精卵及各发育阶段幼体成活、变态、摄食的影响。为今后对虾人工育苗、养殖及渤海对虾资源增殖的研究,为进一步开展石油污染生     

Effect of Industrial Effluents on Embryos of Lefteye Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Industrial effluents are one of the main pollutants leading to marine pollution, especially in the littorals with highly dense population and developed industries[1]. Dyeing, electroplating and pesticide effluents are all common industrial effluents, liable to enter inshore sea area. Generally, the supervision of effluents could be carried out through chemical analysis. The determined results, however, cannot directly reflect the effects of effluents on aquatic organisms. In this respect, bioa…     

六氯化苯对汤氏纺锤水蚤毒性影响的比较研究

本文通过1987年6月在丹麦国家环保局海洋污染实验室进行的六氯化苯(γ-HCH)对桡足类汤氏纺锤水蚤(Acartia tonsa)的急性、亚急性和生命周期试验,评价了六氯化苯对汤氏纺锤水蚤的毒性。试验结果表明,γ-HCH对汤氏纺锤水蚤的96h LC_(50)为17μg/L。当,γ-HCH浓度为3μg/L时,产卵量明显受到影响。在生命周期试验中,当γ-HCH浓度为10μg/L时,从无节幼体Ⅵ期到成体,汤氏纺锤水蚤的生长会受到明显影响,而对雌性成体的半数影响浓度(EC_(50))为0.8μg/L。通过对试验方法和结果的比较分析文中认为,汤氏纺锤水蚤的生命周期试验,敏感性高、操作简便、费用相对较低,将会是化学物质危害性评价中一个很有用的方法。     

Avoidance Reaction of Penaeus Chinensis to Heavy Metals (Pb, Cr,Zn) and Heavy Metal Mixtures (Pb-Cr, Pb-Zn)

Study on the avoidance response of Penaeus chinensis to heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Zn) and heavy metal mixtures (Pb-Cr, Pb-Zn) is carred out using a Y-model avoidance apparatus. The concentrations calculated to induce 50% avoidance rate byPenaeus chinensis are 11.4, 33.2 and 238. 1 mg/L for Pb, Cr and Zn, respectively. Mixtures of Pb-Cr and Pb-Zn produce additive effect in the avoidance test using Penaeus chinesis. But when the mixed Pb-Zn solution has 0.5 toxic unit Pb and 0.5 toxic unit Zn, the mixture seems to have synergistic effect.