深水浊流形成过程的水动力学模拟:以南海北部琼东南盆地浊流形成过程为例

Turbidity currents represent a major agent for sediment transport in lakes, seas and oceans. In particu-lar, they formulate the most significant clastic accumulations in the deep sea, which become many of the world＇s most important hydrocarbon reservoirs. Several boreholes in the Qiongdongnan Basin, the north-western South China Sea, have recently revealed turbidity current deposits as significant hydrocarbon res-ervoirs. However, there are some arguments for the potential provenances. To solve this problem, it is es-sential to delineate their sedimentary processes as well as to evaluate their qualities as reservoir. Numerical simulations have been developed rapidly over the last several years, offering insights into turbidity current behaviors, as geologically significant turbidity currents are difficult to directly investigate due to their large scale and often destructive nature. Combined with the interpretation of the turbidity system based on high-resolution 3D seismic data, the paleotophography is acquired via a back-stripping seismic profile integrated with a borehole, i.e., Well A, in the western Qiongdongnan Basin; then a numerical model is built on the basis of this back-stripped profile. After defining the various turbidity current initial boundary conditions, includ-ing grain size, velocity and sediment concentration, the structures and behaviors of turbidity currents are investigated via numerical simulation software ANSYS FLUENT. Finally, the simulated turbidity deposits are compared with the interpreted sedimentary bodies based on 3D seismic data and the potential provenances of the revealed turbidites by Well A are discussed in details. The simulation results indicate that a sedimen-tary body develops far away from its source with an average grain size of 0.1 mm, i.e., sand-size sediment. Taking into account the location and orientation of the simulated seismic line, the consistence between normal forward simulation results and the revealed cores in Well A indicates that the turbidites should ha     

浊流形成条件的水动力学模拟及其在储层预测方面的作用

在对浊流形成条件地质背景研究的基础上,应用水动力学模拟原理正演模拟了由不同粒级沉积物形成的浊流的几何形态,并通过与地震资料的对比来达到储层预测的目的.采用该方法分别对莺歌海和琼东南盆地的浊流沉积进行了模拟研究,模拟结果表明:①浊流发育的最理想的坡度是1.5～3.0°;②浊流沉积一般都会形成斜坡扇和盆底扇,且单个浊积体在坡角处沉积最厚,向盆地方向逐渐减薄;③在其它参数不变的情况下,固体颗粒越大,形成的浊积体越厚,但展布范围越小;固体颗粒越小,形成的浊积体越薄,但展布范围越大.模拟结果与钻井的实际情况吻合良好.