南极磷虾资源开发研究现状及对今后研究的建议

近年来,由于人们在传统渔场的过量捕捞,甚至使传统经济鱼种遭到完全破坏,以及食物资源下降伴随着人口的迅速增长,使人类把注意力转移到前所未及的磷虾资源上。一些国家对南大洋磷虾资源的开发表现出愈来愈大的兴趣。     

光照、温度对小球藻吸收60Co,137Cs影响的实验研究

本文研究了光照、温度对小球藻(Chlorella sp.)吸收~(60)Co和~(137)Cs以及对生长的影响。实验是在~(60)Co,~(137)Cs混合示踪条件下进行的,结果表明:(1)小球藻对~(60)Co有着很高的累积能力,而对~(137)Cs的累积能力较低;(2)光照无论对藻吸收~(60)Co还是吸收~(137)Cs的浓缩系数的影响都是全光照>半光照>黑暗;(3)温度升高藻吸收~(60)Co的浓缩系数增大;(4)小球藻在全光照、28℃时的生长最好,而在黑暗、35℃时的生长最差。     

乔治王岛东北海域大磷虾虾群构成分析

1985年1月在乔治王岛东北约25海里(水深460米)海域,曾观测到范围较大的大磷虾群.在约4海里范围内用垂直探鱼仪记录了虾群的映象,进行了水平拖网.对6网样品的分析结果表明,虾群组成相当均一.体长频数分布样品间的百分比相似性指数平均为84.3%,性成熟度组成频数分布的相似性指数平均为75.6%,说明这些样品属同一虾群.磷虾平均体长为46.8毫米,成体虾占群体的96.5%,表明它们为一生殖群体.群体分布水层在20—50米深,厚度一般为20米,平均密度为1400尾/千立方米.     

EFFECTS OF PHOTOPERIOD AND SALINITY ON GROWTH AND UPTAKE OF 60Co AND 137Cs FOR CHLORELLA SP.

The effects of three photoperiods (24 hr illumination, 12 hr illumination + 12 hr darkness and 24 hr darkness) and three salinities (20‰, 30‰ and 35‰) on the uptake of 60Co and 137Cs for Chlorella sp. and on the growth of its algae are studied. The uptake of 60Co for the algae is two orders of magnitude higher than that of 137Cs. Of factorial effects, the effect of photoperiod is most significant either on the uptake of the radionuclides or on the growth of the algae; the effect of salinity comes next in order and that of their interaction remains with the last. The uptake of the two radionuclides increases with extended photoperiod while the uptake of 137Cs declines with increasing of salinity. The growth of the algae appears to be the best under the conditions of 24 hr illumination and 30‰ salinity.     

POPULATION STRUCTURE OF ANTARCTIC KRILL (EUPHAUSIA SUPERB A DANA) IN THE WATERS NORTH AND WEST OF ANTARCTIC PENINSULA

Antarctic krill (Euphasia superba Dana)is a key organism of the Antarctic marine ecosystem and a potential fishery resoure. Its ecology was the major biologial project in the First Chinese Antarctic Expedition (1985). Acoustic observations and IKMT tows were madecin waters north and west of Antarctic Peninsula .Environmental factors were also observed. Analyses of the population structure, i.e. the sex percentage distribution and other data obtained show that among the 3,640 individuals of determinable sex, only 38.1 % were males and that the larger the body length the smaller the percentage of males,for example, male percentage dropped to 8.3% for size group > 55 mm. The population's relations to environmental factors are also discussed.     

大磷虾性比、怀卵量与某些生殖特点的分析

对1985年在南极半岛西北海域各拖网点获得的3852尾大磷虾标本,进行了性别、体长、体重、性成熟度和即将排卵的雌性成体怀卵量的测定。结果得出雌性个体占61.9％,雄性占38.1％;雄性比例在体长51-55毫米个体组中降为20.7％,大于55毫米个体组中仅占8.3％。雌性怀卵量在2457到10799个之间。同一虾群内已排卵的雌性成体比未排卵成体的体重小约1/3。乔治王岛东北海域的虾群在考察时(1月22日)已完成交配,并有2.3％的雌体已经排卵,大部分雌体到2月下旬才会排卵。布兰斯菲尔德海峡的大磷虾性成熟度较低。     

两种单胞藻类在不同浓度载体条件下对60Co的吸收和吸附

在环境科学的研究中,生物群和环境系统之间存在着复杂的关系。人们已注意到某些元素本身的物理化学性质以及形态结构之间的相互关系会影响某些生物学效应。本文即以放射性同位素~(60)Co和不同浓度的非放射性Co之间的相互关系对两种藻类吸收、吸附规律的影响,进行了初步探讨。     

巴颜喀拉热琼锑矿化综合物化探特征与找矿标志

青海多尔娘地区热琼锑矿化(点)位于北巴颜喀拉成矿带内,通过对水系、土壤、极电等物化探综合测量,圈定物化探异常,在优选出的物化探综合异常进行地质测量及槽探工程控制。结果表明,热琼锑矿化(点)具有良好的找矿前景;热琼锑矿点成矿类型属构造热液型,找矿标志为花岗斑岩岩脉、硅化、褐铁矿化、辉锑矿化。