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青藏高原多年冻土地区公路边坡植被生长的观测与研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
青藏高原多年冻土地区, 具有海拔高、气温低等特点. 2000年和2001年分别在青藏公路两道河和头二九附近的公路边坡, 开展了植被恢复试验. 采用垂穗披碱草、老芒麦等植物种类混播的方式, 喷播法种植, 播种当年就可以建立良好的植被. 8 a的跟踪观测结果表明, 植被一旦建立, 能够正常越冬、返青. 在牛羊啃食、践踏的情况下, 植被能保持良好的生长状态, 地下生物量积累不断增多. 假设植被能一直保持良好生长状态, 人工植被生物量要恢复到自然群落水平, 在两道河至少需要几十年, 在头二九约需十几年. 但由于野生植物种类入侵速度较慢, 人工植被要真正恢复到自然植被状态则需要更加漫长的时间. 相似文献
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The results brought out in the trials of slope protection along Qinghai-Tibet Highway are presented in this paper. The trials were carried out simultaneously at 5 sites in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 2000 to 2002. Altitudes at the experimental sites range between 4 240 m and 5 040 m. 4 sites are in permafrost area, and 1 site is in seasonally frozen ground. According to the trials of slope protection, vegetation is preferred to protect slopes along Qinghai-Tibet Highway. Road-GoodR, a chemical stabilizer, is proved as a good material for slope protection, and soil engineering system, combined with vegetative component and grade stabilization structures is proved as the best slope protection measure in these are as. The results showed that high-altitude areas at an altitude lower than 5 040 m, annual average temperatures higher than -5.6 ℃ and annual rainfall more than 262.2 mm, slopes can be protected using vegetative components.Trials for plant species selection proved that cold resistant grasses, Elymus nutans and Elymus sibiricus can be used for vegetation recovery along Qinghai-Tibet Highway. The results demonstrated that high-altitude areas at an altitude lower than 5 040 m, annual average temperatures higher than -5.6 ℃ and annual rainfall more than 262.2 mm, could be replanted. Hydroseeding proved to be a good planting technique, and mulch materials benefited vegetation recovery in such area.The experiment also proved that planting could improve slope stability, protect the ecological environment, and improve the roadside landscape. 相似文献
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土工合成材料在多年冻土地区路基病害处治中的应用技术研究 总被引:10,自引:3,他引:7
纵向裂缝与不均匀变形是多年冻土地区路基病害的主要类型,成因复杂,久治不愈.综合国内外现有成果,对于路基不均匀变形,根据其成因,分别提出了土工合成材料处治不均匀变形技术与土工合成材料处治路基阳坡变形技术等处治措施.对于路基纵向裂缝,根据其不同分类与不同严重程度,分别提出了土工合成材料处治纵向裂缝技术、柔性枕梁处治技术、边坡分层加筋处治技术等处治措施;根据多年冻土地区路基特点与环境条件,从土工合成材料的强度特性、构造特性、耐久性及抗施工损伤性能等方面,提出了土工合成材料选择时的原则.结合青藏公路纵向裂缝处治工程,研究了土工合成材料处治病害施工技术,解决了该地区使用土工合成材料时的工程关键技术. 相似文献
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