地物微波反射率特性的研究

本工作对于地物微波反射率特性进行了原理和实验的研究。为此研制了微波反射率仪,讨论了近场反射过程中的微波辐射传输,对于X波段的地物微波反射率特性进行了测量,包括水、砂土、水面油污等,测量结果和理论预期是符合的。本文讨论了反射率特性及其在微波遥感中的应用。     

LABORATORY STUDY ON MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING OF GROUND TRUTH

In order to improve the interpretation of the earth system microwave remote sensing, the research of microwavespectrum characteristics of the ground truth (earth objects) was carried out in laboratory. A laboratory formicrowave remote sensing of the earth objects has been constructed to improve the remote sensing level, thelaboratory consists of four parts: the measuring system of dielectric constants, the microwave emissivity meter,the microwave reflectometer and the microwave remote sensing simulation experiment in field. In this paper,the principle of measurement, the correction of near field process, the structure of instrument, the calibrationmethod and the measurement of the earth substances, including soil, water and oil, are discussed. The labora-tory may supply the condition for measuring the parameters of thc earth substance remote sensing and help tointerpret the remote sensing data.     

近场反射过程中的微波辐射传输特性

地物微波反射率是卫星气象和雷达气象的重要信息,需要进行实验室内模拟自然的实验研究。只有解决近场反射过程中的微波传输问题,才能研究有据,测量准确。本文研究了近场反射过程中微波传输的特性和近场测量转换至远场情况的订正方法,在实验室内测量了标准反射面的反射特性,用实验证明了本文提出的订正方法的有效性。本文得到了理论与实验一致的结果。因此,这种近场订正的方法是实用的。