Comparison of Liquid Water Content Retrievals for Airborne Millimeter-Wave Radar with Different Particle Parameter Schemes

In the application of the physical iterative method to retrieve millimeter-wave radar liquid water content(LWC) and liquid water path(LWP), particle parameter scheme is the main factor affecting retrieval performance. In this paper, synchronous measurements of an airborne millimeter-wave radar and a hot-wire probe in stratus cloud are used to compare the LWC retrievals of the oceanic and continental particle parameter scheme with diameter less than 50μm and the particle parameter scheme with diameter less than 500μm and 1500μm(scheme 1, scheme 2, scheme 3, and scheme4, respectively). The results show that the particle parameter scheme needs to be selected according to the reflectivity factor when using the physical iterative method to retrieve the LWC and LWP. When the reflectivity factor is less than-30 d BZ, the retrieval error of scheme 1 is the minimum. When the reflectivity factor is greater than-30 d BZ, the retrieval error of scheme 4 is the minimum. Based on the reflectance factor value, the LWP retrievals of scheme 4 are closer to the measurements, the average relative bias is 5.2%, and the minimum relative bias is 4.4 %. Compared with other schemes,scheme 4 seems to be more useful for the LWC and LWP retrieval of stratus cloud in China.     

垂直方向静力适应过程的机理研究

为了研究垂直方向静力适应过程的机理,通过垂直方向静力适应方程组导出适应过程的守恒量、适应终态和解析解,并对解析解进行数值模拟。研究结果表明:适应终态是由初始守恒量和基本场决定。垂直速度解析解是由声波和地面反射的声波组成。随着高度的增加,垂直速度呈现e的负指数衰减。适应时间依赖于初始扰动的强度和空间尺度,扰动值越大,范围越广,适应时间越长。浮力振荡频率值的大小影响适应范围,当浮力振荡频率值减小,静力适应影响范围将更广。