北太平洋冬季年代际尺度海气相互作用

为了更深了解北太平洋年代际尺度海气相互作用,本文通过对湍流热通量和SST的相关关系进行了研究。当热通量和SSTA正相关时,代表海洋影响大气,而当二者相关系数为负时,表示大气强迫海洋。将整个北太平洋SSTA求平均和把北太平洋分成3个区域求SSTA平均,分别对热通量和SST的关系进行研究。结果表明,北太平洋冬季年代际尺度上的海气相互作用主要表现为海洋强迫大气,而在日本附近海域以及北太平洋中东部,海洋对大气的强迫作用最明显,因此这两个区域是北太平洋冬季年代际尺度上海气相互作用的关键区。     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.