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通过大尺度水槽波浪引起泥沙悬移的动床模型实验,研究了沙坝海岸破波带内水底悬沙浓度形成机理,通过比较时间平均水底悬沙浓度与时间平均水底波浪水质点动能或时间平均水底湍动能之间的相关性,论证了利用时间平均湍动能比利用时间平均波浪水质点动能计算时间平均水底悬沙浓度更为适用,并提出了以上时间平均水底悬沙浓度与水底湍动能之间的关系也可以用来近似表达时间变化的水底悬沙浓度与时间变化的水底湍动能之间的关系。研究针对规则波、波群和不规则波3种波浪形态进行,并分别对破波带内的爬坡区、内破波区和沙坝区3个区域实验结果进行讨论。 相似文献
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为了探讨不同氮(N)添加条件下内蒙古典型草原土壤呼吸(Rs)动态特征及其影响因素。我们选取内蒙古典型草原样地,设置不同氮添加水平(0、2、4、8、16、32 g m~(–2) yr~(–1)),测定土壤呼吸及土壤温、湿度,土壤养分。结果表明:(1)氮添加不改变土壤呼吸的动态变化规律,其日动态与季节动态均呈单峰曲线;(2)氮添加降低了生长季的土壤呼吸,N2、N4、N8、N16和N32处理下的Rs分别比对照N0降低了24.00%、21.93%、23.49%、30.78%和28.20%,然而非生长季各个月份的土壤呼吸在不同氮梯度下均无显著差异;(3)土壤呼吸与土壤温度、湿度均呈显著正相关,温度和湿度分别可解释土壤呼吸速率的72%–97%变异和74%–82%变异。不同氮添加处理的土壤呼吸温度敏感性Q_(10)在2.27–4.16之间,除N8处理下土壤呼吸Q_(10)值略高于对照,其它氮添加水平均降低了Q_(10)。 相似文献
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Currently, air pollution in Beijing has become a complex problem with two types of source pollutants: coal smoke and photochemical smog. Furthermore the maximum hourly mean concentration of O3 increases continuously, especially in the summer. In order to simulate the photochemical reaction, develop an air quality simulation model and further improve the air quality of Beijing, a precisely temperature-controlled, indoor, smog chamber facility was designed and constructed at Tsinghua University. Characterization experiments have been carried out to acquire the basic parameters of the smog chamber, such as the wall loss rates of NO2, NO, O3, C3H6 and particulate matter (PM), the intensity of ultraviolet (UV) light in the chamber, the reactivity of the purified air and the reproducibility of the experimental results. The results indicate that the facility performs up to specifications, and can meet the demands required for simulating the photochemical reaction. The effect of high primary contaminated PM on the formation of ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is under investigation. 相似文献
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