面向室内场景点云的对象重建

针对当前逆向工程中对象提取及模型重建效率较低的问题,提出了一种面向室内场景点云的对象重建方法。首先构建直通滤波器,采用改进的RANSAC算法剔除非对象点云,然后根据欧氏聚类提取算法分割出各个对象点云,最后基于α-shape理论批量重建出对象模型。试验结果表明,该方法能够从散乱的室内场景点云中快速、自动地重建出代表真实对象的三维模型,具有较高的实用价值。     

非球形冰晶粒子毫米波IWC-Z关系的研究

冰水含量在气候以及天气变化、人工影响天气等方面的研究中具有重要影响。毫米波雷达在探测卷云时由于气流运动等因素的影响使得电磁波照射体积内粒子自身发生旋转运动,这为精确计算粒子散射截面以及利用其散射特性反演云中冰水含量造成困难。首先给出六种常见的非球形冰晶粒子模型,利用HFSS软件讨论特定尺寸下非球形粒子及其等效球形粒子的辐射方向图差异,利用矩量法（针对非球形粒子）以及洛伦兹-米理论（针对球形粒子）计算并拟合上述冰晶粒子在静止、水平旋转以及随机旋转三种取向下最大尺寸与后向散射截面之间的双指数关系式,假定卷云冰晶粒子混合模型满足B-H模型,云粒子的谱分布服从NASA在2007年实测的指数分布,计算出实际的冰水含量,讨论了三种取向下非球形粒子及等体积球粒子群的雷达反射率因子Z,将其代入常用的IWC-Z关系式,结果表明利用雷达反射率因子反演冰水含量时必须考虑高空风产生的粒子取向问题,等效球理论方法得到的冰水含量比实际值偏小,该结论对于毫米波雷达精确反演卷云的微观物理参数具有重要意义。     

STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IWC AND Z FOR NONSPHERICAL ICE PARTICLES AT MILLIMETER WAVELENGTH

Ice water content (IWC) plays important roles in weather and climate change. Determining the IWCs of cirrus clouds with millimeter-wavelength radar can be problematic due to influences of ice particle rotation on their backscattering cross sections. We here introduce models to describe the radiation patterns of six nonspherical particles of specific sizes. Simulations using HFSS software were applied to describe the differences resulting from different orientations and equivalent spheres. A double exponential function was used for fitting to describe the relationship between the particles’ maximum sizes and backscattering cross sections. The backscattering cross sections of nonspherical ice particles were computed by the method of moment, and those of the equivalent spherical particles were computed by Lorenz-Mie theory for three different orientations: fixed, horizontal, and random. Assuming that a mixture of nonspherical ice particles follows the B-H mixing model, the size distribution of cirrus particles obeys the exponential distribution measured by NASA in 2007. By computing the IWCs of cirrus clouds, which follows the above mentioned B-H model and exponential distribution, the radar reflectivity factors of nonspherical ice particles and equivalent spheres at three different orientations can be computed. Subsequently, the IWC results can be acquired by inputting the radar reflectivity variables into the well-known IWC-Z formula. The analysis described here demonstrates that when using the radar reflectivity Z, the orientation must be considered in order to determine the IWC. Using equivalent sphere theory, the derived IWCs underestimate the actual IWCs. These results are important for accurately retrieving the microphysical parameters of cirrus clouds.     

综合识别法去除风廓线雷达地物杂波的可行性研究

以杂波谱极小值连线的思想为基础,针对强风天气条件下的风廓线雷达地物杂波信号,提出一种综合识别杂波的去除方法,并与常规的地物杂波抑制方法相比较。结果表明:利用该方法对强风天气下的地物杂波有更好的抑制效果,水平风速得到了明显增强,与地面观测数据相比,雷达产品更趋于真实风速。