A Comprehensive Observational Analysis for the Effects of Gas Cannons on Clouds and Precipitation

To analyze the effects of gas cannons on clouds and precipitation, multisource observational data, including those from National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis, Hangzhou and Huzhou new-generation weather radars, laser disdrometer, ground-based automatic weather station, wind profiler radar, and Lin''an C-band dual polarization radar, were adopted in this study. Based on the variational dual-Doppler wind retrieval method and the polarimetric variables obtained by the dual-polarization radar, we analyzed the microphysical processes and the variations in the macro - and microphysical quantities in clouds from the perspective of the synoptic background before precipitation enhancement, the polarization echo characteristics before, during and after enhancement, and the evolution of the fine three-dimensional kinematic structure and the microphysical structure. The results show that the precipitation enhancement operation promoted the development of radar echoes and prolonged their duration, and both the horizontal and vertical wind speeds increased. The dual-polarization radar echo showed that the diameter of the precipitation particles increased, and the concentration of raindrops increased after precipitation enhancement. The raindrops were lifted to a height corresponding to 0 to -20 ℃ due to vertical updrafts. Based on the disdrometer data during precipitation enhancement, the concentration of small raindrops (lgNw) showed a significant increase, and the mass-weighted diameter Dm value decreased, indicating that the precipitation enhancement operation played a certain“lubricating”effect. After the precipitation enhancement, the concentration of raindrops did not change much compared with that during the enhancement process, while the Dm increased, corresponding to an increase in rain intensity. The results suggest the positive effect of gas cannons on precipitation enhancement.     

以节点操作实现多边形求交的算法

根据多边形之间的交点状态确定与交点相关的节点信息,以节点操作为核心求解两多边形之间的交集。在此基础上,考虑重叠边、边边相交于边节点等情形,通过遍历交点来完成交集多边形边界的构建,从而提出一种多边形求交运算的改进算法。该算法结构简单,具有较快的计算速度和较高的效率,适合于地理信息系统中的空间叠置分析、缓冲区分析应用,对于地图制图中区域要素的截取操作也具有重要的参考价值。     

基于双频星载降水雷达GPM数据的华南地区降水垂直结构特征分析

华南汛期作为我国雨季爆发的第一阶段一直是预报与研究的热点问题,对其降水-云宏微观垂直特性的认识还不够深入。双频星载雷达资料对强、弱降水三维探测进行优化,并补充对洋面降水的探测。借助这两方面优势,对华南对流性、层云性两类主要降水类型的垂直特征进行统计,分析降水反射率因子与降水粒子垂直分布、亮带特征与垂直分层降水贡献,对比华南陆地在回波顶高方面与南海洋面的异同,最后针对华南前后汛期的降水垂直分布特征进行分析。(1)对流性降水反射率因子快速增长区域主要发生在低层,层云性降水反射率因子快速增长区域位于亮带层附近。(2)当发生强降水时,对流性降水的粒子浓度并不是总高于层云性降水,但前者粒子半径大于后者;强层云性降水往往来自于大小均一的粒子聚集,并没有形成更大直径的液滴。(3)华南陆地回波顶高季节变化较南海洋面强烈,浅薄对流降水发生频率受季风影响从春至秋存在先增后减特征,深对流发生频率在夏季增幅显著。南海地区回波顶高虽无明显季节变化但在3 km和5.5 km存在明显的双峰特征。(4)前汛期对流性降水的高浓度、大尺度的粒子更利于向更高高度发展,而层云性降水粒子浓度及半径的垂直分布在华南前后汛期无明显差异。前后汛期回波顶高异同主要出现在广西中部,广东中部和沿海地区。      

关于点与折线集的中轴线问题研究

运用离散观点，将折线集分解为独立点、线要素，并且基于点的方位检索法、路径检索法和要素的作用域概念，对各个要素中轴检索序列的分布规律与性质进行了深入剖析。通过对各要素中轴检索序列有序综合，引入回归环的概念来简化中轴检索序列，得到点与折线集中轴线的有序点集，揭示了中轴线的构成实质与相关性质特征。论证了中轴线的连续性，并且针对封闭折线集的特殊性进行了简要分析与论证。     

三维空间点集可视化

介绍了采用空间点集绘制实体的方法,生成真实感较强的三维实体图形的过程和三维实体的交互式旋转、缩放、多方位剖切等可视化显示。