REE compositional characteristics of Hannuoba basalts

The Hannuoba basalts are a suite of associated rocks consisting of alkali basalts and tholeiites. The alkali basalts can be divided into the K-rich type and the Na-rich type, while the tholeiites are almost solely of the Na-rich type. These two types of basalt are characterized as being obviously rich in light rare earth elements, as is shown in the chondrite-normalized REE patterns exhibiting positive Eu anomalies. However, significant differences in (La / Yb)_N and Eu / Eu* ratios are noticed between these two types of basalt. They seem to have been derived from varying-degree partial melting of mantle rocks.     

南海热带气旋频数的气候预测方法

利用前期北半球500 hPa高度场格点资料、海温场(SST)格点资料,计算与后期热带气旋(TC)发生频数的相关系数,分析两个相关场显著相关区的统计特征,进一步分析其天气气候学意义和物理意义。选取若干相关系数高的格点,组成组合因子,建立二项式曲线方程,对影响南海以及登陆或影响广东的热带气旋,做年、月频数预测。预测试验和检验表明,二项式曲线预测模型有较高的拟合能力,在影响南海以及登陆或影响广东的热带气旋年、月频数预测中,有较好的效果。     

黔西北峨眉山玄武岩顶部Fe-Al岩系钪、铌、稀土分布特征与富集规律

在黔西北峨眉山玄武岩顶部与上覆宣威组(P3x)/龙潭组(P3l)不整合接触界面附近,常分布一套Fe-Al岩系,近年发现其中Sc、Nb和REE等关键金属富集特征显著,对这套铁铝岩系中Sc、Nb、REE的分布特征、富集规律和赋存形式研究.结果表明:1)Fe-Al岩系中富集的Sc、Nb和REE等关键金属,多数已达到综合利用标准,具有较好成矿前景;2)宣威组(P3x)Fe-Al岩系中,Sc、Nb和REE分布均匀、差异较小,Sc主要富集于下部,Nb主要富集于上部,REE主要富集于中下部,主要赋存岩性分别为含凝灰质铁质粘土岩、豆鲕状铝土质粘土岩和铝质粘土岩;3)龙潭组(P3l)Fe-Al岩系中,Sc主要分布于中部和南西部,Nb和REE主要分布于北部、南西部,Sc主要富集于下部,Nb和REE主要富集于上部及上覆煤系地层底部,主要赋存岩性分别为凝灰质粘土岩、植物屑粘土岩和碳质粘土岩;4)Sc和Nb主要以类质同象形式呈分散状态赋存于粘土矿物、独居石、金红石等中,REE以离子吸附态、类质同象和独立矿物等多种赋存;5)Sc、Nb,REE富集经历了风化作用初始富集,后期成岩改造作用再次富集过程,此外,还与Fe-Al岩系完整性有关.     

利用TM图像提取玛纳斯河流域上游积雪信息的方法研究

在我国干旱地区,天山是融水占年径流量比重较大的山区,在天山地区,冰雪为许多河流和生态环境的生存发展提供水资源,所以对冰雪的定量监测非常重要。通过对TM图像云和雪的光谱特征分析以及几种常用积雪信息提取方法的比较,以及对玛纳斯河流域上游地区的积雪进行实际检测,认为雪盖指数法是TM图像提取积雪的较佳技术手段。      

多级应急响应地理信息服务平台的应用技术

提出一个支持多级分布、服务级联的信息服务综合架构和集成机制,并应用于应急响应地理信息服务平台的设计,探讨了应急响应地理数据虚拟化、分布式异构环境下应急响应地理信息数据/功能服务技术、多级应急地理信息目录服务构建技术等,为构建有效的多级应急响应地理信息服务平台提供技术支撑.     

浅析旅游新经济——旅游信息产业的形成、发展与提升

旅游业是信息密集型和信息依托型产业,其与信息技术有天然的适应性。旅游信息化衍生出"旅游信息产业",而旅游信息产业的发展正是旅游业"新经济"的体现,旅游信息产业的提升是发展低碳旅游的必然选择。该文论述了旅游信息产业这一新业态的形成、发展及其在发展低碳旅游中的重要作用,旨在推动我国旅游新经济的发展和促进低碳旅游的健康发展。     

陕西省山阳县池沟地区斑岩成矿特征、成矿规律及找矿预测

池沟地区小斑岩体广泛发育,岩体多呈北东向展布的申珠状小岩株或岩枝产出,属燕山期高钾钙碱性系列Ⅰ型花岗岩,具(似)斑状特征.区内出现有与燕山期岩浆活动有关的斑岩型铜矿、斑岩型钼矿、矽卡岩型铜矿、构造蚀变岩型金矿等4种类型金属矿化.蚀变、化探异常及矿化均围绕斑岩体呈(环)带状分布,由岩体往外依次出现钼、铜、金矿化的分带性,...     

西安市城市内涝模拟与损失灰色关联度研究

综合GIS技术与城市内涝基本原理，基于DEM、水文学原理、不透水面并考虑下渗、排水情况，模拟水流沿格网单元从高到低流动，按照坡度比例分配流量，形成不同降雨强度的城市内涝情景模拟，提取西安市几个典型的积水点淹没风险范围和分布特征等信息，并进行空间分析与数据验证，结果与实际相符。再叠加地表覆盖分类成果和统计年鉴数据，获取不同淹没风险范围内的人口、经济、交通、建筑物等数据，引入灰色关联理论对降雨量和损失因子的关联程度进行定量化，探讨综合影响因素中城市内涝损失的大小问题。结果表明：降雨量与经济损失因子的关联度最大，达到了0.823，与人口损失因子的关联度最小，为0.725，从大到小的顺序为：经济>建筑物>淹没面积>道路>人口。因此，提出充分考虑人为可控的城市内涝影响因子，合理控制城市用地扩展速度，提高土地利用效率的建议，旨在对城市内涝的管理、预测、决策等提供参考。     

Characterisation of Three Sri Lankan Zircon Megacrysts as Potential Reference Materials for Microbeam U-Pb Geochronology and Hf-O-Zr Isotope Measurements

In situ U-Pb geochronology and hafnium, oxygen and zirconium isotope measurements in zircons using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and ion microprobe techniques can provide essential isotopic data to constrain geological evolutionary histories. Developing reliable zircon reference materials is the cornerstone for in situ zircon chronology and isotopic studies. In this study, the homogeneity of U-Pb ages and Hf-O-Zr isotope ratios in three Sri Lankan zircon megacrysts (SLZA, SLZB and SLZC) were investigated using multiple analytical methods. The obtained U, Th, Pb and Hf mass fractions of the SLZA zircon were 839 ± 56 μg g^-1 (1s), 151 ± 15 μg g^-1 (1s), 198 ± 28 μg g^-1 (1s) and 8635 ± 286 μg g^-1 (1s), respectively. The mass fractions of U, Th, Pb and Hf in the SLZB zircon were 1106 ± 106 μg g^-1 (1s), 331 ± 61 μg g^-1 (1s), 376 ± 57 μg g^-1 (1s) and 9673 ± 976 μg g^-1 (1s), respectively. The U, Th, Pb and Hf mass fractions determined in the SLZC zircon were 551 ± 35 μg g^-1 (1s), 111 ± 8 μg g^-1 (1s), 129 ± 18 μg g^-1 (1s) and 7881 ± 393 μg g^-1 (1s), respectively. The chemical abrasion isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass-spectrometry (CA-ID-TIMS) method yielded a Th-corrected weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age of 556.94 ± 1.29 Ma (95% conf., n = 5) for the SLZA zircon, 552.90 ± 1.29 Ma (95% conf., n = 7) for the SLZB zircon and 560.83 ± 1.29 Ma (95% conf., n = 7) for the SLZC zircon. The obtained Hf isotopic compositions of the SLZA, SLZB and SLZC zircons determined with the solution MC-ICP-MS method were 0.281651 ± 0.000014 (2s, n = 10), 0.281704 ± 0.000008 (2s, n = 10) and 0.281676 ± 0.000006 (2s, n = 10), respectively. The obtained O isotopes of the SLZA and SLZB zircons measured with the laser fluorination method were 12.14 ± 0.56‰ (2s, n = 4) and 11.91 ± 0.30‰ (2s, n = 4), respectively. The Zr isotopes of the SLZA, SLZB and SLZC zircons determined with double spike TIMS analysis yielded mean δ⁹⁴/⁹⁰Zr_SRM3169 values of -0.03 ± 0.06‰ (2s, n = 10), -0.03 ± 0.04‰ (2s, n = 10) and 0.00 ± 0.07‰ (2s, n = 8), respectively. The SLZA zircon can be used as a primary reference or quality control material for microbeam U-Pb, Hf and Zr isotope measurements because of its slight heterogeneity. The U-Pb, Hf and Zr isotopic compositions of the SLZB and SLZC megacrysts were homogeneous. The O isotopic compositions in the SLZA and SLZB zircon were slightly dispersed, indicating that these two megacrysts can only serve as secondary reference materials for microbeam O isotope measurements.