热带气旋对黄、渤海影响的统计特征分析

本文统计分析了1949—2000年共52年影响黄、渤海的热带气旋时空分布特点及ENS0、西太平洋副热带高压与影响黄、渤海的热带气旋关系。结果表明，西太平洋热带气放以四种主要路径影响黄、渤海，其影响时间、频数及强度均有不同。ENSO和西太平洋副热带高压的强度、位置将影响热带气旋对黄、渤海影响的路径和频数。     

海洋生产总值核算方法研究

在分析借鉴国内外海洋经济核算相关方法的基础上,研究探索了我国海洋经济核算的模式,以海洋生产总值核算为突破口,系统提出了我国海洋生产总值(GOP)核算的三种基本方法,即剥离法、扩展法、外推法。同时,对几种核算方法进行了综合分析和评估。为我国开展海洋经济核算工作打下了良好的基础。     

南极国际GPS跟踪站的海潮位移改正 (英文)

This paper describes the ocean loading tides corrections of GPS stations in Antarctica, such as the Great Wall station and Zhongshan station. Based on the theory of ocean loading tides, the displacement corrections of ocean loading tides on GPS stations in Antarctica are calculated by using the CRS4.0 ocean loading tides model. These corrections are also applied to GPS data processing. The GPS data are analyzed by the GAMIT software with and without these corrections. We compared and analyzed the GPS baseline components to get the differences. The results show that the ocean tidal displacement corrections have obvious effects upon GPS baseline components. Therefore, we should not ignore the ocean loading tides corrections of GPS stations in Antarctica to obtain precise and reliable results.     

“深空大地测量导论”课程建设和教材编写的思考

介绍了"深空大地测量学导论"课程教材编写的背景、阐述了"深空大地测量学导论"教材编写的基本思路、总结了"深空大地测量学导论"教材的编写的特色.     

四川宝鼎盆地晚三叠世层序地层与聚煤作用

运用钻井岩心、测井及层序地层学的有关理论、方法,对位于扬子地块西缘、四川攀枝花地区的宝鼎盆地的含煤岩系进行了层序地层学与聚煤作用研究。在主要含煤段大荞地组发育12个层序界面和11个四级层序,其中在40#煤层以上地层发育层序Ⅳ到层序Ⅺ等8个四级层序。伴随着宝鼎盆地由断陷盆地(大荞地组沉积时期)向大型拗陷盆地(宝鼎组沉积时期)演化,盆地基底沉降速率减小,可容空间增加速率降低,聚煤作用在垂向上先增强再减弱。断陷盆地发育早期,聚煤作用较弱;断陷盆地发展中期(层序Ⅳ-层序Ⅷ),主要煤层多发育于低位体系域、初始湖泛面附近和高位体系域中晚期,平面上聚煤中心位于可容空间增加速率中等的三角洲平原相带;至盆地发展晚期(层序Ⅸ-层序Ⅺ),主要煤层的发育位置逐渐向四级层序最大湖泛面靠近,平面上聚煤中心向可容空间增加速率最大的盆地沉积中心迁移。     

对燕山辽西地区构造格局的认识和讨论

燕山辽西地区的盖层可分两个构造层,由燕辽复向斜和秦皇岛背形相互叠加,并相应发育两期推覆构造。复向斜范围包括内蒙地轴和燕山沉降带,是由长条形的三个背斜和二个向斜相间,及配套的EW向纵断裂、SN向横断裂和NE向、NW向的共轭断裂组成。著名的尚义-宽城-凌源-朝阳-北票断裂是复向斜及其次级背斜的轴部纵断裂,以南大岭组、窑坡组和北票组作为其裂隙充填物。燕山EW向断裂南北对冲现象是复向斜纵断裂放射状排列并向核部推覆的反映。复向斜的形成机制完全符合纵弯褶皱作用下岩石的变形原理,是西伯利亚板块和华北板块碰撞的结果;秦皇岛背形的形成是后期太平洋板块俯冲在欧亚板块之下所致。     

一种新的多通道GPS共视资料的处理算法

提出了一种按仰角加权的多通道GPS共视资料处理算法，充分利用了所有观测数据，同时抑制了多径等因素影响，从而可提高共视比对精度。对日本邮政省通讯研究所(CRL)和国家授时中心(NTSC)2002年5月～2003年3月的多通道共视比对的处理结果表明，新的处理算法结果更接近真实钟差。     

Spatial character of the gaseous and particulate state compound correlation of urban atmospheric pollution in winter and summer

The spatial/temporal variation information of atmospheric dynamic-chemical processes at observation site points of the "canopy" boundary of Beijing urban building ensemble and over urban area "surface", as well as the seasonal correlation structure of the gaseous and particulate states of urban atmospheric pollution (UAP) and its seasonal conversion feature at observation points are investigated, using the comprehensive observation data of the Beijing City Air Pollution Observation Experiment (BECAPEX) in winter and summer 2003 with a "point-surface" combined research approach. By using "one dimension spatial empirical orthogonal function (EOF)" principal component analysis (PCA) mode, the seasonal change of gaseous and particulate states of atmospheric aerosols and the association feature of pollutant species under the background of the complicated structure of urban boundary layer (UBL) are analyzed. The comprehensive analyses of the principal components of particle concentrations,gaseous pollutant species, and meteorological conditions reveal the seasonal changes of the complex constituent and structure features of the gaseous and particulate states of UAP to further trace the impact feature of urban aerosol pollution surface sources and the seasonal difference of the component structure of UAP. Research results suggest that in the temporal evolution of the gaseous and particulate states of winter/summer UAP, NOx, CO, and SO2 showed an "in-phase" evolution feature, however, O3 showed an "inverse-phase" relation with other species,all possessing distinctive dependent feature. On the whole, summer concentrations of gaseous pollutants CO, SO2, and NOx were obviously lower than winter ones, especially, the reduction in CO concentration was most distinctive, and ones in SO2 and NOx were next. However, the summer O3 concentration was more than twice winter one. Winter/summer differences in PM10and PM2.5 particle concentrations were relatively not obvious, which indicates that responses of PM10 and PM2.5 particle concentrations to the difference of winter/summer heating period emission sources are far less distinctive than those of NOx, SO2, and CO. The correlation feature of winter/summer gaseous and particulate states depicts that both PM10 and PM2.5 particles were significantly correlated with NOx, and their correlations with NOx are more significant than those with other pollutants. Through PCA, it is found that there was a distinctive difference in the principal component combination structure of winter/summer PM10 and PM2.5 particles: SO2 and NOx dominated in the principal component of winter PM10 and PM2.5 particles; while CO and NOx played the major role in the principal component of summer PM10 and PM2.5 particles. For winter/summer PM10 and PM2.5 particles, there might exist the gaseous and particulate states correlation structures of different "combinations" of such dependent pollutant species. Research results also uncover that the interaction processes of gaseous and particulate states were also related with the vertical structure of UBL, that is to say, the low value layer of UBL O3 concentration was associated with the collocation of atmospheric vertical structures of the low level inversion,inverse humidity, and small wind, which depicts summer boundary layer atmospheric character, i.e.the compound impact of the dependent factor "combination" of wind, temperature, and humidity elements and their collocation structure on the variations of different gaseous pollutant concentrations. Such a depth structure of the extremely low value of O3 concentration in the UBL accords with its "inverse-phase" relation with other gaseous pollutant species. The PCA of meteorological factors associated with PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations also reveals the sensitivity of PM10 and PM2.5 concentration to the combinatory feature of local meteorological conditions.     

城市建成环境对居民体力活动的影响 ——以福州市的经验研究为例

利用福州中心城区的社会调查、POI、道路网、用地性质等数据,在社区尺度探究城市建成环境对居民休闲型中高强度体力活动的影响。研究发现：① 低密度土地利用与体力活动时长呈正向关联,功能单一和邻近主干道则对体力活动起到抑制作用。② 体力活动目的地对不同人群具有差异化影响,体育用地和付费运动场所仅能促进中高阶层和中高收入者的体力活动,而周边公共运动设施的丰富程度更具普适性意义。③ 通过纳入运动偏好和单独分析保障房、单位大院及房改房住户达到规避居住自选择的目的,证明上述建成环境特征对体力活动的影响是独立且稳健的。     

南海东北部内潮的模态结构和传播

The evolution of energy, energy flux and modal structure of the internal tides(ITs) in the northeastern South China Sea is examined using the measurements at two moorings along a cross-slope section from the deep continental slope to the shallow continental shelf. The energy of both diurnal and semidiurnal ITs clearly shows a～14-day spring-neap cycle, but their phases lag that of barotropic tides, indicating that ITs are not generated on the continental slope. Observations of internal tidal energy flux suggest that they may be generated at the Luzon Strait and propagate west-northwest to the continental slope in the northwestern SCS. Because the continental slope is critical-supercritical with respect to diurnal ITs, about 4.6 kJ/m~2 of the incident energy and 8.7 kW/m of energy flux of diurnal ITs are reduced from the continental slope to the continental shelf. In contrast, the semidiurnal internal tides enter the shelf because of the sub-critical topography with respect to semidiurnal ITs.From the continental slope to the shelf, the vertical structure of diurnal ITs shows significant variation, with dominant Mode 1 on the deep slope and dominant higher modes on the shelf. On the contrary, the vertical structure of the semidiurnal ITs is stable, with dominant Mode 1.