柴达木盆地昆特依盐湖的地球化学演化与古气候变化

１９９０年用铀系年代学及古地磁对昆特依盐湖沉积物进行年代测定，探讨该湖区地球化学演化与古气候变化关系。结果表明，该区最老的盐层形成于早更新世晚期（大于７３０ｋａ），大量的盐类沉积则始于３００ｋａ左右；盐湖沉积物中元素含量变化主要受古盐度、矿物、类质同象和吸附控制；沉积物水溶Ｆ／Ｃｌ比值与古盐度成反比关系；该湖２０００ｋａ以来的古环境演变：盐层形成于干冷、偏酸性的氧化环境，泥岩层形成于湿暖、偏碱性的     

Broadband Radio Bursts and Fine Structures during the Great Solar Event on 14 July 2000

25 MHz–7.6 GHz global and detailed (fine structure – FS) radio spectra are presented, which were observed in the NOAA 9077 active region for the Bastille Day (14 July 2000) flare at 10:10–11:00 UT. Besides broadband radio bursts, high-resolution dynamic spectra reveal metric type II burst, decimetric type IV burst and various decimetric and microwave FSs, such as type III bursts, type U bursts, reverse-slope (RS)-drifting burst, fiber bursts, patch and drifting pulsation structure (DPS). The peak-flux-density spectrum of the radio bursts over the range 1.0–7.6 GHz globally appears as a U-shaped signature. Analyzing the features of backbone and herringbones of the type II burst, the speeds of shock and relevant energetic electron beams were estimated to be 1100 km s⁻¹ and 58 500 km s⁻¹, respectively. Also the time sequence of the radio emission is analyzed by comparing with the hard X-rays (HXRs) and the soft X-rays (SXRs) in this flare. After the maxima of the X-rays, the radio emission in the range 1.0–7.6 GHz reached maxima first at the higher frequency, then drifted to the lower frequency. This comparison suggested that the flare included three successive processes: firstly the X-rays rose and reached maxima at 10:10–10:23 UT, accompanied by fine structures only in the range 2.6–7.6 GHz; secondly the microwave radio emission reached maxima accompanied by many fine structures over the range 1.0–7.6 GHz at 10:23–10:34 UT; then a decimetric type IV burst and its associated FSs (fibers) in the range 1.0–2.0 GHz appeared after 10:40 UT.     

TIN DEM线性内插不确定性的随机过程模型

基于随机过程模型导出了TIN DEM线性内插的随机过程模型,给出了不规则随机空间三角形的不确定性描述,讨论了TIN节点误差在线性内插中的传播问题。通过理论推导和实际算例,得到了TIN DEM线性内插点的点位方差和误差椭球半轴的解析表达式、线性内插精度最高点坐标的解析表达式,该结论与三角形的形状无关;对DEM线性外推导致精度急剧下降的必然性结论进行了理论证明;得到TIN线性内插的平均点位方差解析式,从理论上说明了本文结论的有效性。     

西藏色布塔铜钼矿床中辉钼矿Re-Os定年及其成矿意义

色布塔铜钼矿床位于冈底斯成矿带北部,具有细脉浸染状矿化,围岩蚀变发育等斑岩型铜钼矿床特征.本文使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪TJA X-series ICP-MS对色布塔铜钼矿床的花岗斑岩中的辉钼矿进行ReOs同位素定年研究,获得了6件样品的模式年龄为87.52±1.35～88.8±1.26Ma,等时线年龄为88.8±1.5Ma.本文研究成果表明,色布塔铜钼矿成矿时代为晚白垩世早期,属燕山期构造-岩浆活动的产物.     

溶剂萃取法制取硫酸钾中试及其新进展

描述了用工业硫酸和氯化钾为原料,萃取法制取硫酸钾新工艺及其工程化的新进展。研究了该工艺三相萃取过程的基本原理,列出了试验数据及经济技术评价。     

Study on Retrieving Key Ecological Parameters in Mountainous Regions by Remote Sensing Methods and Evaluating Their Spatio-temporal Representativeness

Focusing on the Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China “A study on retrieving key ecological parameters in mountainous regions by remote sensing methods and evaluating their spatio-temporal representativeness”, this paper introduced the project background, objectives, research status, the key scientific questions, main contents of the research, the overall methodology and the deliverables. Choosing different topographic gradient and vegetation background, this project will conduct researches on retrieving key ecological parameters such as LAI and NPP in mountainous areas, evaluating their spatio-temporal representativeness, analyzing the influence of complex terrain on remote sensing signals and the remote sensing products, and finally trying to make a breakthrough in the theory and methodology of ecological parameters retrieving in mountains area.     

砂土场地国标与美标标准贯入试验能量分析及击数转换关系研究

本文进行了美国《标准贯入测试和对开管取样的标准试验方法》(ASTM D1586-11)(美标)和中国《岩土工程勘察规范》(GB 50021-2001)(国标)标准贯入原位测试对比试验,获得了美标、国标标贯对比数据.标贯锤击能量分析表明,美标锤击能量较国标高.利用经验贝叶斯克里金插值法考虑锤击数的空间变异性,将不同空间位...     

西藏多龙矿集区萨玛隆闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石化学特征及其对成矿背景的约束

西藏多龙矿集区是目前班公湖-怒江成矿带内最具潜力的找矿远景区,矿集区内已发现4处大型斑岩铜矿,但其成矿背景尚有争议。通过开展成矿前的萨玛隆闪长岩锆石U-Pb测年、岩石化学分析,结合区域内构造发育序次,对系列斑岩铜矿的成矿背景进行探讨。对萨玛隆闪长岩中进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得23颗锆石的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为121.6±1.7Ma(MSWD=1.9),代表了闪长岩的成岩年龄。萨玛隆闪长岩的全岩岩石化学分析结果显示,该岩石属于中钾富钠岩石,富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素,亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素,具有高Sr、低Y特征,相对富集Cr、Ni等不相容元素,有埃达克岩的亲和性。闪长岩具相对较高的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i值和较低的(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)i值、ε_(Nd)(t)。全岩岩石化学特征显示,萨玛隆闪长岩起源于下地壳角闪岩相,可能有幔源物质混入。矿区内早期走滑断层切穿萨玛隆闪长岩,指示多龙矿集区内主要控岩-控矿走滑断层可能形成于116~121Ma,多龙矿集区内系列斑岩铜矿形成于班公湖-怒江洋向北俯冲末期的构造转换阶段。     

Zircon U–Pb,Molybdenite Re–Os and K‐feldspar 40Ar/39Ar Dating of the Bolong Porphyry Cu–Au Deposit,Tibet, China

The Bolong porphyry Cu–Au deposit is a newly discovered deposit in the central Tibetan Plateau, and is ranked as the second largest copper deposit discovered to date in the Bangong‐Nujiang metallogenic belt in China. Three granodiorite porphyry phases occur within the Bolong porphyry Cu–Au deposit. Phyllic alteration is widespread on the surface of the deposit, and potassic alteration occurs at depth, associated with granodiorite porphyries. The copper and gold mineralization is clearly related to the potassic and phyllic alteration. Multiple chronometers were applied to constrain the timing of magmatic–hydrothermal activity at the Bolong deposit. Zircon U–Pb geochronology reveals that the granodiorite porphyry phases were emplaced at ca. 120 Ma. Re–Os data of four molybdenite samples from quartz–molybednite veinlets yielded an isochron age of 119.4 ± 1.3 Ma. The plateau age of hydrothermal K‐feldspar from the potassic alteration zone, analyzed by ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating, is 118.3 ± 0.6 Ma, with a similar reverse isochron age of 118.5 ± 0.7 Ma. Therefore, the magmatic–hydrothermal activity occurred at ca. 120–118 Ma, which is similar in age to the neighboring Duobuza porphyry copper deposit. The period of 120–118 Ma is therefore important for the development of porphyry Cu–Au mineralization in the central Tibetan Plateau, and these porphyry deposits were formed during the final stages of the northward subduction of the Neo‐Tethys Ocean.     

西藏拿若斑岩铜金矿床成矿斑岩年代学、岩石化学特征及其成矿意义

西藏拿若矿床位于西藏多龙矿集区北部,是2010年新发现的一个斑岩铜矿。三期花岗闪长斑岩在拿若斑岩铜矿内侵位,前两期花岗闪长斑岩是拿若矿床的主要成矿斑岩;成矿前的闪长岩在拿若矿床东南侧侵位。本文开展了拿若矿床斑岩和闪长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成分析。锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,三期花岗闪长斑岩在120Ma集中侵位,闪长岩略早于花岗闪长斑岩侵位(121 Ma)。三期花岗闪长斑岩具有相似的岩石化学特征,均富集轻稀土、大离子亲石元素,亏损重稀土、高场强元素,Eu异常不明显,显示出岛弧岩浆岩的特征,均具有高Sr低Y的特征,可能表明三期花岗闪长斑岩形成于同一个岩浆房;三期花岗闪长斑岩均具有高Al2O3、富钠、低镁和高Sr低Y的特征,显示出埃达克岩的特征;前两期花岗闪长斑岩的(87Sr/86Sr)i值分别为0.7054~0.7058和0.7056~0.7057,εNd(t)分别为-3.7~-2.9和-3.5~-3.2,εHf(t)值分别变化于3.6~6.7和3.6~7.4,表明前两期花岗闪长斑岩起源于新生的下地壳角闪岩相,有较多幔源物质混入;第三期花岗闪长斑岩具有较高εNd(t)值(-1.3~1.6)和εHf(t)值(5.1~8.1),表明第三期花岗闪长斑岩也起源于下地壳,但地壳物质混入较少。闪长岩也具有岛弧岩浆岩的特征,具有与花岗闪长斑岩相似的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.7052~0.7057)和略高的εNd(t)值(0.2~3.3)与εHf(t)值(1.2~9.5),表明闪长岩也起源于新生的下地壳,源区中壳源物质混入相对更少。闪长岩和成矿的花岗闪长斑岩铜背景值均较高,可能表明成岩源区内Cu丰度较高。含矿斑岩中地壳物质混入较多,可能表明成矿斑岩在侵位过程中从地壳中萃取了较多成矿元素。成矿晚期花岗闪长斑岩中Cu含量明显较低,可能是末期岩浆在岩浆房中释放了较多成矿元素所致;多期岩浆活动释放的成矿元素有利于成矿元素在成矿流体中持续富集成矿,多期岩浆侵位是形成斑岩铜矿的必要因素。