THE POSITION AND ROLES OF PORTS AND RAILWAYS IN THE EURASIA LAND BRIDGE TRANSPORTATION IN NORTHEAST CHINA

This paper systematically analyzes and proves the favorable factors of utilizing the ports and the railways in Northeast China for the Asia-Europe land bridge transportation. It will be more beneficial to Dalian Port and HaDa (Harbin-Dalian) and Binzhou (Harbin-Manzhouli) railways in Northeast China to the Siberia railway in Russia than 1) to other ports and the corresponding railways in China, 2) to the Nakhodka Port in Russia and the corresponding railways and 3) to the Chongjin Port in North Korea and the corresponding railways. This paper also puts forward the reform measures to adopt the ports and the railways in the northeast region in China for the land bridge transportation and the problems in transportation policies and management systems.     

围绕中心强化服务努力拓展测绘工作新视野

测绘，顾名思义，就是测而绘之，是测量与绘图的总称，就是采用科学技术手段获取、处理、管理和分发地球上各种与地理位置有关的自然、社会和人文的空间信息，从而为经济建设和社会发展服务。测绘科学是在人类与自然斗争的实践中逐步发展起来的。随着科学技术和生产实践的不断发展，测绘由简单的测量绘图转变为科学测绘，     

青藏高原季节性冻土的时空分布特征

利用青藏高原72个气象台站的冬季逐日冻结深度资料, 采用动力学Q指数和小波分析方法, 研究了青藏高原季节性冻土的时空变化特征. 结果发现: 青藏高原季节性冻土各站点相互间的动力学Q指数在高原大部分地区都比较小, 仅在高原南部部分站点值较大, 表明在高原上总体来说季节性冻土的动力学结构是一致的. 各站季节性冻土1980年代前后的Q指数在高原主体也都比较小, 只是在高原东南部和柴达木盆地的部分地区Q指数较大, 表明在高原大部分地区季节性冻土变化的动力学结构特征没有发生突变. 青藏高原季节性冻土总体上呈现下降趋势, 在20世纪80年代中期有一次均值突变, 突变以前的冬季平均冻结深度在93 cm左右, 突变以后的冬季平均冻结深度下降了10 cm左右. 高原季节性冻土冬季平均深度有准4 a的周期变化.     

浙江省长兴县煤山剖面二叠—三叠系过渡地层中的黑碳记录及其地质意义

首次报道了浙江煤山二叠-三叠系界线地层中黑碳的含量及其碳同住素的变化特征。黑碳含量在26层存在一个明显的峰值,含量高达0．51％。黑碳与总有机碳比值从25层底部开始持续升高,在26层达到最高,稳定在0．40以上。黑碳的碳同位素在24层和25层之间有一个陡然的降低,降低幅度达2‰,在25和26层中则存在一个幅度达3‰的缓慢降低,总降低幅度达5‰。黑碳是动植物和化石燃料燃烧的天然记录,浙江煤山二叠-三叠系界线附近黑碳特征反映了二叠纪末期陆地生态系统发生了突然的衰退,发生了强烈的天然大火。根据事件层大火燃烧的长期性或频繁的特征,以及黑碳同位素大幅度陡然降低和缓慢降低,认为燃烧源除了陆地植被外,还有其他富含轻碳的化石燃料,即大火的燃烧源除了植被外,还可能有煤和甲烷水合物等。浙江煤山剖面的黑碳记录,反映了二叠-三叠纪之交地球陆地环境的剧烈变化,有助于理解和揭示生物大灭绝的过程和原因。     

从开发外海和远洋渔业看发展围网作业的重要性

本文通过对我国海区渔业现状的分析,指出振兴我国海区渔业的一条有效途径在于发展围网作业。根据世界渔业资源现状和我国目前具备的海洋渔业基础,认为发展我国远洋渔业,围网作业是一项易起步、易见效、前景良好而又切实可行的措施。     

海水小角度前向散射仪

测量海水对光的小角度前向散射对于准确测定海水对光的总散射系数及研究水下图像传输有重要意义。     

珠江口岸式波力试验电站

中国第一座波力试验电站——珠江口岸式波力电站于1990年2月15日试发电成功。该电站位于珠江口大万山岛的南岸,面向浩瀚南海。设计波况H1/10=1.5m,T=6.5s.计划装机容量为8kW,第一台为3kW无刷爪极式发电机组,输出110V直流电,第二台为5kW无刷单相交流同步发电机组,输出220V交流电。目前投入试发电的是3kW机组。本文将介绍该电站气室性能模型试验,空气透平与气室性能匹配设计,岩坎爆破施工,实海条件下电站气室性能试验和发电试验结果。     

Analytic Solution of Interaction Between Surface Waves and Floating Elastic Plates with Elastic End-Restraints

Based on the dynamic theories of water waves and Mindlin plates,the analytic solution of interaction between surface waves and two-dimensional floating elastic plates with edge-restraint is constructed by use of the Wiener-Hopf technique.Firstly,without regard for elastic edge restraint,the wave-induced responses of elastic floating plate analyzed by the present method are in good agreement with the results from literature and experimental results.Therefore,it can be shown that the present method is valid.Secondly,three end-restraint cases(i.e.,the left-end elastic restraints,the both-end elastic restraints,and the right-end elastic restraints)are proposed to reduce the vibration of floating plates,in which the spring is used to connect the sea bottom and the floating plate's left(or right)edge.The relations between the spring stiffness and the parameters of wave-induced responses of floating plates are discussed.Moreover,the effective method to reduce the vibration of floating elastic plates can be obtained through comparison.