华南暖区强对流降水系统的结构和闪电特征分析

利用加密地面观测资料、多普勒雷达资料及广东省地闪资料,研究了24h内影响华南珠江三角洲的两次中尺度强降水系统的结构特征和地闪特征。结果表明：（1）第一次对流系统以后建型方式（back-building）组建,垂直结构类似海上对流,水平结构类似平行层状的对流系统。第二次对流系统垂直结构倾向于陆地的对流,水平结构类似于拖曳...     

“凡亚比”台风与冷锋共同造成湘黔暴雨成因分析

利用常规气象观测资料、NCEP资料、卫星资料等,对2010年9月21—22日湘黔北部一次台风倒槽暴雨过程进行天气动力学诊断分析。结果表明：暴雨出现在冷锋和倒槽共同影响区的主要原因是：冷锋前,暴雨区处于暖性不稳定区,台风倒槽带来充沛水汽。冷空气侵入台风倒槽后,使倒槽附近的水汽辐合加大,湿斜压锋区加强,垂直速度增大,冷空气与低层强的暖湿平流相互作用,激发出中尺度暴雨系统,不稳定能量释放,且对流云团的维持少动,造成了降水的持续,并形成暴雨。     

Improved Analyses and Forecasts With AIRS Temperature Retrievals Using the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter

In this paper we investigate the impact of the Atmospheric Infra-Red Sounder (AIRS) temperature retrievals on data assimilation and the resulting forecasts using the four-dimensional Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LETKF) data assimilation scheme and a reduced resolution version of the NCEP Global Forecast System (GFS). Our results indicate that the AIRS temperature retrievals have a significant and consistent positive impact in the Southern Hemispheric extratropics on both analyses and forecasts, which is found not only in the temperature field but also in other variables. In tropics and the Northern Hemispheric extratropics these impacts are smaller, but are still generally positive or neutral.     

On the characteristics of propagation of intraseasonal oscillations and their observed association with tropical synoptic waves in the Asian-western Pacific region in boreal summer

Using the daily average outgoing longwave radiation and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data in boreal summer (Mays to Octobers) from 1979 to 2007, the propagating characteristics of convection intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) in the Asian-western Pacific (AWP) region and the relationship between tropical synoptic waves and ISOs are examined by means of finite-domain wavenumber-frequency energy spectrum analysis and lagged linear regression technique. The results are shown as follows. (1) The AWP ISOs propagate both eastward and westward, showing seasonality and regionality. The ISOs propagate eastward with a period of 30 to 60 days over equatorial regions in the whole AWP region, while the westward propagation occurs over 10 to 20? N western Pacific or in the late summers (August, September and October) with periods of 20 to 40 days. The ISOs eastward propagation mainly occurs in primary summers while the westward propagation enhances in late summers. (2) Deep ISO convections associate with westerly and cyclonic circulation anomalies that first form in the Indian Ocean, propagate eastward to the dateline in the Pacific and then turn northwestward. The ISOs convections show northwestward propagating characteristics in the western North Pacific. (3) The ISOs link with the tropical synoptic waves closely. Both convection signals, though with different spatio-temporal scale, enhance simutaneously in the northwestern Pacific, and the ISOs facilitate the forming of a cluster of tropical cyclones (TCs), while a cluster of TCs convection becomes one portion of the northwestward ISOs.     

基于逻辑回归模型的雷电潜势预报方法

利用闪电定位资料、广州地面观测资料和清远探空观测资料,分析了广州的雷电日分布特点,提取了相关的环境场物理量,应用逻辑回归模型技术,针对广州地区3～6月的雷电活动,研发了适用于该地区日间和夜间雷电活动的预报方程,为雷电潜势预报提供了一种比较客观的预报方法.检验结果表明,该方法的预测成功率超过76％,日间段预报效果总体优于...     

2011年日本东北近海地震震源上方的位移

2011年3月11日,一次大的板间地震(MW9.0)发生在日本东北宫城县附近的板块交界处。根据余震分布推测的震源区为约500km长、200km宽的近海区(Japan Meteo-rological Agency,2011)。     

La-Ce同位素体系应用现状和研究进展

铈在自然界中属变价元素,可导致地质样品La-Ce与Sm-Nd同位素体系之间发生脱偶现象.除了在同位索年代学中的应用外,放射成因Ce同位素地球化学在地壳物质再循环示踪、地球表层演化过程中的氧化一还原事件和成矿作用等研究领域具有独特优势.总结了La-Ce同位索体系目前的应用现状及其尚存在的问题.并对实验技术与应用的发展趋势...     

黔南坳陷上震旦统灯影组地球化学特征及沉积环境意义

黔南坳陷上震旦统灯影组发育局限-开阔台地相白云岩。在麻江羊跳寨剖面灯影组碳酸盐岩样品测试分析基础上,利用常量元素和微量元素相关性、组分含量及特征元素比值特征,探讨了研究区元素地球化学特征与古沉积环境意义。结果表明:(1)CaO和MgO成明显正相关,SiO2与CaO、MgO呈负相关;Sr与MgO呈明显负相关,与Al2O3、K2O、Na2O、TiO2,P2O5,TFe存在正相关性;V,Al2O3,K2O,TiO2,TFe,P2O5之间呈正相关;Mn与TFe存在弱正相关性。(2)Sr含量和1 000×(Sr/Ca)值随沉积水体的加深而增大,可作为判断古水深和层序界面的标志。(3)根据Sr/Ba、镁铝比值(m=100×(MgO/Al2O3))、MgO/CaO及V/(V+Ni)比值特征分析了灯影组沉积期的古盐度、古气候和古氧化还原环境。灯影组总体上形成于炎热干燥气候下的陆表海还原沉积环境,有陆源碎屑物质供应。其中灯影组二段沉积末古水深达到最大,灯影组五段古盐度最高。灯影组元素地球化学特征反映的沉积环境与岩性特征所得出的结论基本一致,表明元素地球化学特征与沉积环境关系密切,可作为沉积相分析的重要标志。     

若羌县英格布拉克铁矿床地质特征及成因初探

英格布拉克铁矿位于阿尔金古陆缘带,产于蓟县系卓阿布拉克组中浅变质海相火山-沉积岩中,赋矿母岩为磁铁硅质岩、磁铁硅质板岩和含磁铁千枚岩,形成较典型的BIF建造.铁矿体受白尖山复向斜控制,成因类型属海相火山-沉积变质型铁矿床,与国外阿尔戈马型沉积变质铁矿床相似,找矿前景较好.     

3000 m深井钻机并车箱热平衡分析

介绍了3000 m深井钻机并车箱的设计和热平衡分析计算,根据计算结果,确定了外置强制冷却的方案和具体实施细节,结合工程实例和公式计算,设计了并车箱热平衡计算程序。