非洲—阿拉伯克拉通的环形构造及其矿床成因的几点看法

在非洲—阿拉伯克拉通的范围内,发育着(可以划分出)不同成因,不同延长和延深的各种各样的环形构造(见插图)。它们不同程度地影响到地壳各时代的堆积物以至整个地图。陆核是最大的环形构造,在形成时代上相当于古老的原始变质岩层形成的时间。对非洲—阿拉伯克拉通基底上的这些新构造,首次采用遥感探测方法进行了研究。它分为西非(1),阿拉伯—努比亚(2),中非(3),塔恩扎尼(4),索马里(5),南非(6)以及莫三鼻给(7)等七个陆核。     

LOCAL SCOUR ESTIMATION AT BRIDGE SITE: MODIFICATION AND APPLICATION OF LACEY FORMULA

In the recent years, it has been established that b/h or h/b (b = length of the structure in the lateral direction and h = approach flow depth) is the dominant factor for the estimation of local scour depth around abutments and piers. One of the major limitations of the Lacey formula is that it predicts only one value of the scour depth for a specific river because of the absence of important parameters b and h. Therefore, its application is quite uncertain for variable b and h. Considering its limitations and experimental facts of flow concentration and shear stress amplification close to above structures, the original Lacey formula is modified introducing the parameters b and h. The applicability of the original as well as modified Lacey formula is tested to the data collected from major rivers in Bangladesh.     

Conodonts from the Upper Cambrian Sesong and Hwajeol Formations in the Sabuk Area, South Korea

This paper presents a conodont biostratigraphic study on the Upper Cambrian Sesong and Hwajeol Formations in the Sabuk area, Korea. Two samples near the base of the Sesong Slate at the Pukil section contain lower Upper Cambrian conodonts, comprising Furnishina furnishi, F. kranzae, F. pernical, F. triangulate, Hertzina elongata, Laiwugnathus doidyxus?, Phakelodus elongatus, Muellerodus? obliquus, Westergaardodina matsushitai and W. moessebergensis. This is the first conodont record of the Upper Cambrian formations recovered yet in the northern limb of the Paekunsan syncline. The faunal assemblage is correctable with the lower Upper Cambrian W. matsushitai Zone of North China. Four local biozones are recognized in the Hwajeol Formation, i.e. the Proconodontus, Eoconodontus notchpeakensis, Cambrooistodus minutus and Cordylodus proavus Zones in ascending order. This zonal scheme is essentially equivalent to that of the southern limb of the Paekunsan syncline and they are correlatable with zones in other pa     

WISE EXPLOITATION OF NEWLY GROWING LAND RESOURCES——An Assessment on Land-use Change of Chongming Island Using GIS

1INTRODUCTIONThreewell-documentedmajorglobalchangesaffectinghumanbeingsareincreasingconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,alterationinthebiochemistryoftheglobalnitrogencycle,andon-goinglanduse/coverchange(LUCC)(VITOUSEK,1994).Forcen-turies,humanbeingshavebeenalteringtheearth'ssurfacetoproducetheirfoodandsheltersthroughagri-culturalactivities(REIDetal.,2000).Likeothercountries,Chinaisalsosubjecttolandtransformation,forinstance,abouthalfamillionhectaresofwetlandshavebeenreclaime…     

Characterizing the dynamics of soil organic carbon in grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Carbon dynamics of grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau may play an important role in regional and global carbon cycles. The CENTURY model (Version 4.5) is used to examine temporal and spatial variations of soil organic carbon (SOC) in grasslands on the Plateau for the period from 1960 to 2002. The model successfully simulates the dynamics of aboveground carbon and soil surface SOC at the soil depth of 0-20 cm and the simulated results agree well to the measurements. Examination of SOC for eight typical grasslands shows different patterns of temporal variation in different ecosystems in 1960-2002. The extent of temporal variation increases with the increase of SOC of ecosystem. SOC increases first and decreases quickly then during the period from 1990 to 2000. Spatially, SOC density obtained for the equilibrium condition declines gradually from the southeast to the northwest on the plateau and showed a high heterogeneity in the eastern plateau. The results suggest that (i) SOC den-sity in the alpine grasslands shows remarkable response to climate change during the 42 years, and (ii) the net carbon exchange rate between the alpine grassland ecosystems and the atmosphere increases from 1990 to 2000 as compared with that before 1990.     

不同原子光谱法用于环境介质中镉测定的比较

镉是重金属有毒元素,其对环境和人类健康危害极大.各国都制定一些强制性标准以限制镉对环境的污染与危害.为了准确测定镉的含量,国内外对镉的分析方法进行了广泛深入的研究.本文评述了近年来国内运用原子光谱法对镉的检测的研究进展,包括原子吸收光谱法,原子发射光谱法,原子荧光光谱法,并对上述方法作了比较.     

以林带为例说明统计方法在分析自然界相互关系的应用

大家知道,自1949年到1952年曾规模宏大地进行了营造农田防护林的工作。这些工作的结果远不是到处都是成功的。但是如果对这一时期的工作进行缜密的研究并对于将来作出推断,那么,不论是成功的或失败的经验都将是有用的。但直到现在为止,这样的研究工作还没有足够的规模来进行。那些取决於林带的配置和栽植方法,特别是取决     

以林带为例说明统计方法在分析自然界相互关系的应用

大家知道,自1949年到1952年曾规模宏大地进行了营造农田防护林的工作。这些工作的结果远不是到处都是成功的。但是如果对这一时期的工作进行缜密的研究并对于将来作出推断,那么,不论是成功的或失败的经验都将是有用的。但直到现在为止,这样的研究工作还没有足够的规模来进行。那些取决於林带的配置和栽植方法,特别是取决     

Studying Air Pollution with Kitt Peak Solar Flux Atlas—Analysis Method and Results of Observation

l.Introducti0nTwoflightsoftheSAGEIIIinstrumentwereplanedbeinglaunchedinJune2O00byRussianMeteor-3Mandin2002byInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).Itisexpectedthattheywouldofferinformationofalmostglobalcoverage.Theseinstrumentswillutilizetheselfcal-ibratingsolaroccultationtechniquetomeasureprofilesofaerosoIextinctionfrom0to4Okm,ozonefrom6to85km,nitrogendioxidefroml0to5Okm,andwatervaporfrom0to5Okm,andutilizelunaroccultationobservati0nstomonitorthekeynighttimesPecies,nitrogentrioxidefrom22to55k…     

地震短期前兆

根据全球资料详细研究了各种地球物理和地球化学前兆的时问形式。对所用数据进行了统计分析。利用“卡帕平方”规律得出了前兆的时间形式和类型依赖关系的结论。讨论了成对相关系数计算的结果。