陆态网络CORS站观测时间序列分析方法研究

以陆态网络CORS站中的武汉站为切入点,分别采用ARIMA模型和傅里叶拟合模型对武汉站10 a左右的观测时间序列进行分析拟合。实验表明,ARIMA模型和傅里叶拟合模型都能较好地拟合武汉站测站时间序列,但从细节来讲,ARIMA模型理论严密,拟合效果稳定;而傅里叶拟合模型更有利于直观分析时间序列中的各种周期频谱特性。     

中国东北晚冰期以来自然环境演变的初步探讨

我国东北及其毗邻的海域,自晚冰期以来,自然环境,包括气候、生物群、海陆分布和地貌过程等,发生了明显的变化。对这方面的研究,不仅可以深入认识自然环境的历史、现状和预测其未来的发展趋势,还具有理论意义,对工农业生产和社会主义建设也具有重要的实践意义。     

浅析专题地图中的底图数据处理方法——以大比例尺陆地交通图为例

专题地图的应用越来越广泛,但其生产和制作却存在若干问题。很多制图软件偏重于专题要素的处理与表达,对底图要素的研究较少。针对这一问题,文章介绍了专题地图的底图要素确定原则,分析了影响底图要素的因素,进而确定了底图要素的处理方法,包括坐标转换、投影变换、分类分级、显示处理等。最后以大比例尺陆地交通图为例,结合笔者所做工作,...     

鲁南三次低涡暖式切变线强降水的中尺度对流系统特征

应用地面加密降水观测资料、天气图资料和FY2-E红外卫星云图及TBB资料,对山东南部3次中尺度低涡暖切变线强降水的中尺度对流系统特征进行分析研究。结果表明:3次强降水都是产生在中尺度低涡环流东部的暖切变线附近,有较强的低空西南风气流,都是在鲁南和鲁中南部造成强降水,强降水中心都在鲁东南。3次强降水都由中尺度对流系统(MCS)直接影响产生,有多个中尺度云团发展和合并,有多个强对流云团中心。造成3次强降水的中尺度对流云团都是从鲁西南移入,向北发展,缓慢向东移动,在东部沿海达到最强。最低TBB在-62~-78℃,造成1h降水量达30~137mm的强降雨,在同一测站产生强降水的时间为1~3h。对于同一个MCS降雨强度与TBB成反比。"09.8.17"和"12.7.09"的MCS东移快,造成强降水的时间为18~19h,"12.7.09"的MCS东移慢,造成强降雨的时间达25h。"09.8.17"的TBB较高,最低TBB为-61.1℃,但是雨强最大,最大1h雨量达137.2mm,"12.7.09"的TBB最低,达到-78.2℃,但是最大1h雨量为88.3mm。     

浒苔原生质体再生苗对草丁膦与6种抗生素的敏感性

浒苔(Ulva prolifera)是构成黄海绿潮的优势种,通过构建浒苔稳定转化系统,可以为相关基因功能验证提供有力工具。本文以浒苔原生质体再生苗为材料,试验了对除草剂草丁膦和6种抗生素的敏感性,发现浒苔对氨苄青霉素、卡那霉素、硫酸链霉素、Zeocin 4种抗生素不敏感,对氯霉素、潮霉素较敏感,对除草剂草丁膦极为敏感,进一步统计得出草丁膦对浒苔的半致死剂量(LD50)和95%可信限,发现敏感性与光周期明显相关。上述结果为进一步筛选转化子、构建浒苔稳定转化系统打下了基础。     

基于异向波速模型的微震定位改进

针对波速分层的区域岩体,在异向波速模型的基础上,对垂向上的应力波按岩体波速值大小作分段区别,推导震源应力波走时关系式,建立分层速度定位目标函数,基于此提出一种由参数准备、层速度反演、微震定位三个模块组成的分层速度定位模型SV,并采用遗传算法进行优化求解.然后,对分层速度定位模型在已构建微震监测系统的白鹤滩水电站左岸岩质边坡进行验证.微震事件重定位结果表明,分层速度定位模型定位微震事件的最大、最小和平均偏离层内错动带程度指标较单一速度模型分别降低了57.17%、36.51%和57.35%,证明了定位模型在波速分层的区域岩体微震定位应用中比单一速度定位模型更加合理可靠.     

Ulva and Enteromorpha (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) from two sides of the Yellow Sea: analysis of nuclear rDNA ITS and plastid rbcL sequence data

Ulvacean green seaweeds are common worldwide; they formed massive green tides in the Yellow Sea in recent years, which caused marine ecological problems as well as a social issue. We investigated two major genera of the Ulvaceae, Ulva and Enteromorpha, and collected the plastid rbcL and nuclear ITS sequences of specimens of the genera in two sides of the Yellow Sea and analyzed them. Phylogenetic trees of rbcL data show the occurrence of five species of Enteromorpha (E. compressa, E. flexuosa, E. intestinalis, E. linza and E. prolifera) and three species of Ulva (U. pertusa, U. rigida and U. ohnoi). However, we found U. ohnoi, which is known as a subtropical to tropical species, at two sites on Jeju Island, Korea. Four ribotypes in partial sequences of 5.8S rDNA and ITS2 from E. compressa were also found. Ribotype network analysis revealed that the common ribotype, occurring in China, Korea and Europe, is connected with ribotypes from Europe and China/Japan. Although samples of the same species were collected from both sides of the Yellow Sea, intraspecific genetic polymorphism of each species was low among samples collected worldwide.     

辽宁冬季气温变化特征及与东亚冬季风的关系

采用1961-2012年辽宁省53站月平均气温资料及NCEP/NCAR再分析的月平均高度场、风场和海平面气压场资料,分析了近51 a来辽宁冬季气温的时空变化特征。在归纳并计算了前人定义的六种东亚冬季风指数的基础上,对比了辽宁冬季气温与这6种东亚冬季风指数的关系。结果表明：1961-2011年辽宁东部冬季气温均方差大于西部,全省绝大部分地区为显著的正趋势;辽宁冬季气温EOF第一模态表现为全省一致异常偏高或偏低的特征;时间系数显著上升,于1977年发生突变;并存在4.5 a、2 a和3 a的周期变化;朱艳峰定义的东亚冬季风指数是各指数中与辽宁冬季气温变化关系最紧密的指数,它无论从突变时间、周期特征、相关系数还是反位相对应关系上,都与辽宁冬季气温关系最密切,且850 hPa经向风场和海平面气压场也能说明二者有较好的对应关系。     

Inhibitory activity of an extract from a marine bacterium Halomonas sp. HSB07 against the red-tide microalga Gymnodinium sp. （Pyrrophyta）

In recent years, red tides occurred frequently in coastal areas worldwide. Various methods based on the use of clay, copper sulfate, and bacteria have been successful in controlling red tides to some extent. As a new defensive agent, marine microorganisms are important sources of compounds with potent inhibitory bioactivities against red-tide microalgae, such as Gymnodinium sp. （Pyrrophyta）. In this study, we isolated a marine bacterium, HSB07, from seawater collected from Hongsha Bay, Sanya, South China Sea. Based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence and biochemical characteristics, the isolated strain HSB07 was identified as a member of the genus Halomonas. A crude ethyl acetate extract of strain HSB07 showed moderate inhibition activity against Gymnodinium sp. in a bioactive prescreening experiment. The extract was further separated into fractions A, B, and C by silica gel column chromatography. Fractions B and C showed strong inhibition activities against Gymnodinium. This is the first report of inhibitory activity of secondary metabolites of a Halomonas bacterium against a red-tide-causing microalga.     

2012年夏季（6—8月）山东天气评述

利用2012年6—8月山东省气温、降水资料以及500hPa月平均位势高度场、距平场等资料,分析了山东省2012年夏季天气特点、环流特征和主要天气过程,对季内的主要天气及其影响进行了评述。