Analysis on Buckling Performance of Submarine Pipelines During Deepwater Pipe-Laying Operation

Pipes inevitably encounter high ambient pressure and bending moment during the deepwater pipe-laying process,which can lead to elliptical buckling and even deterioration failure.For the safety of pipe-laying operation,available formalas for the pipe stability are established on the basis of the assumption of uniform deformation along the tube length and symmetrical buckling.This method can predict the nonlinear rcsponse of elliptical collapse of steel circular tubes for different ratios of diameter to thickness (D/t) under pure bending or combined bending and external pressure.In these formulas,the strain-displacement relationship is deduced from the nonlinear ring theory,and the Ramberg-Osgood constitutive model is applied to simulate the inelastic material behavior.Meanwhile,the principle of virtual work is adopted to derive the equilibrium equations.A set of equations is solved by the Newton-Raphson method,and the iterative scheme contains nested iteration for the constitutive relation.In order to check the effectiveness of this theoretical method,illustrative examples are presented in this paper.Besides,the numerical simulation is carried out by use of ANSYS.A comparison of the results shows that the theoretical method can provide reasonable prediction for engineering practice.     

黄河断流对河道垂向异常发育及演化的影响

近年来黄河严重断流，形成了一些异常的沉积构造和沉积体，使河道的垂向发育及演化出现异常。黄河断流使部分河道干涸，河道受到风的作用，形成了一系列风蚀及风积，风蚀作用使河道发育一系列风蚀构造(如风蚀沟槽、风蚀蘑菇等)；与此同时，风又将大量的风改造沙搬运到河道中沉积下来，形成特有的风成砂体(砂锥、砂链、砂席等)。再者，黄河断流使某些河道积水成“湖”，“湖”心沉积的低能软泥直接覆盖在河床高能相上。黄河断流后覆水非常浅，在冬季便有可能冻结成冰，并且使其下的河床被冻结，冰融化后便产生塌陷变形，使其中的原生沉积构造被深刻改造，形成特有的冰作用层，使河道发育演化出现异常。此外，黄河断流后河床干涸，如遇黄河下游降水便有可能在河道内形成径流，这种径流一方面冲蚀边、心滩，另一方面又将其冲蚀产物搬运到河床中沉积下来，形成一种非正常河水形成的沉积体，叠加在正常的河床沉积之上，使河床的垂向演化发育出现异常。河道的弱沼泽化也会使河道的演化出现异常。     

塔里木盆地古生界砂岩热成熟度与有效储层的预测

根据砂岩热成熟的概念，认为塔里木盆地古生界砂岩的孔隙度主要受控于与地热场、埋藏时间和盆地沉降有关的砂岩热成熟度。用热成熟度比用深度可更合理地解释砂岩孔隙度的发育特征及其成因。ＴＴＩ值可综合反映热成熟程度，ＴＴＩ值越大，砂岩的热成熟度越高，成岩强度越大，被保存的孔隙度越小。若已知盆地的地温梯度，可计算出预测储层的ＴＴＩ值，并可用本文提出的砂岩热成熟度－－孔隙度和热成熟度－－深度的两个定量关系预测砂岩     

The application of ultrasonic seismic model experiment in quality test of cement mortar injection of Yongjiang river submarine tun－nel tube foundation

ＴｈｅａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｕｌｔｒａｓｏｎｉｃｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｍｏｄｅｌｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｉｎｑｕａｌｉｔｙｔｅｓｔｏｆｃｅｍｅｎｔｍｏｒｔａｒｉｎｊｅｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＹｏｎｇｊｉａｎｇｒｉｖｅｒｓｕｂｍａｒｉｎｅｔｕｎ┐ｎｅｌｔｕｂｅｆｏｕｎｄ...     

楚雄盆地含油气系统分析及勘探目标选择

楚雄盆地是在扬子板块西南大陆边缘上发育起来的晚三叠世－早白垩世前陆盆地与晚白垩世－第三纪陆内湖盆叠置的构造－沉积残留盆地。     

EFFECT OF THE NONLINEAR TERM ON MOVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF TROPICAL CYCLONE

The dynamics of tropical cyclone is investigated in a nondivergent barotropic model with nobasic flow. The effect of nonlinear term on the movement and development of tropical cyclone isemphatically demonstrated. The advection of asymmetric vorticity by the symmetric flow (AAVS)produces the small-scale gyres (SSGs). The SSGs counterclockwise rotate around the tropicalcyclone center. The interaction of SSGs with the large-scale beta gyres (LSBGs) leads to theoscillation in translation speed and vacillation in translation direction for tropical cyclone. Theadvection of symmetric vorticity by the asymmetric flow (ASVA) steers the symmetric circulationof tropical cyclone. The ventilation flow vector determined by the asymmetric flow is closecorrelated with the motion vector of tropical cyclone. The nonlinear advection of relative vorticityis an order of magnitude greater than the linear advection of planetary vorticity, However, theasymmetric circulation created by the planetary vorticity advection provides a background conditionfor anomalous motions of the tropical cyclone. The combination of the linear and nonlinear effectsresults in accelerated, decelerated, changing direction and/or counterclockwise looping motions ofthe tropical cyclone.     

Design and Site Experiment of Groyne in Bore Surging Area of Qiantang River

-The groyne has been used widely in bank protection and river regulation.The plane layoutand structural style of groyne are closely related to the stability of the groyne itself and the effect of bankprotection.In this paper,based on the preliminary summary of the design of bank protection in the boresurging area of Qiantang River,some problems regarding the structure of groyne are pointed out and animproved plan is put forward.Site experiment was carried out combined with an emergency repair.The re-sults of the experiment indicate that the improved project is reliable and successful.     

New Nodosaurid Dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Lishui, Zhejiang Province, China

A new genus and species of nodosaurid dinosaur： Zhejiangosaurus lishuiensis gen. et sp. nov. is erected herein. It is characterized by the sacrum consisting of at least three true sacral vertebrae, 5 caudal dorsal vertebrae fused to form the presacral rod, wide divergence of long slender preacetabular process of the ilium from the middle line of the body, and the fourth trochanter located at the femoral mid-length.     

中国南方古生界-中生界油气藏成藏规律及勘探方向

中国南方古生界—中生界古油藏主要分布于黔中—雪峰 -江南隆起北侧 (以下古生界及上震旦统灯影组古油藏为主 ,其烃源主要是下寒武统 )及南盘江—十万大山地区上古生界及下三叠统台地及孤立台地边缘 (主要是上古生界及下三叠统自生自储型古油藏 ) ;现存古生界—中生界油气藏主要分布于四川盆地。根据南方多期构造改造及油气演化复杂性的特点 ,将南方古生界—中生界油气藏分成原生、次生及再生烃油气藏 3类。认为南方现存的古生界—中生界原生油气藏很少 ,绝大部分原生油气藏均已破坏成为古油藏 ,四川盆地现存的大多数油气藏是典型的次生油气藏。提出次生气藏有利勘探领域有川东南及大巴山前缘上石炭统—下三叠统、乐山 -龙女寺隆起东南斜坡上震旦统灯影组及下古生界、川西北地区及楚雄盆地北部凹陷上三叠统—下侏罗统煤成气藏 ,再生烃油气藏有利勘探地区有苏北盆地阜宁—盐城—海安—兴化—宝应地区、江汉盆地沉湖地区南部潜江—仙桃—牌州—汊参 1井地区及江西鄱阳盆地南部凹陷。这一认识已经得到苏北盆地盐城凹陷朱家墩气田、川东方斗山背斜带寨沟湾石炭系气田及江汉盆地沉湖地区南部开先台西油藏勘探发现的证实。     

沙盖黄土丘陵坡地土壤理化特性随地形变化规律研究

在陕西神木县与内蒙古东胜市交界的饮马泉小流域,选择有代表性的坡面进行地形剖面和土壤层垂直方向的系统采样。每个样品进行了粒级、土壤质量含水量、土壤有机质测试。经数据的分析模拟,得以下结论:①土壤粒级构成和物理性粘粒含量特征,可以指示研究区土壤的沙化程度和演化趋向,其具有向西北更干旱粗化方向过渡的倾向。②土壤水分随地貌部位的变化规律比较明显,在峁坡顶部和上部,垂向上具有自上而下增加的趋势,而在峁坡下部和坡脚却正好相反。不论何种地貌部位都存在一个相近的土壤蒸发、渗漏、持水能力相对的平衡深度。③土壤的物理性粘粒含量与土壤的水肥关系密切,物理性粘粒含量相对高的土壤剖面,土壤的水肥组合效果较好。④土壤水肥质地的组合效果,丘陵顶部的最差,依次过渡到坡脚的组合效果最好。其进一步表明,地貌因素在土壤形成后的一系列熟化、退化、被侵蚀和沙化的演化过程中,地貌仍起着至关重要的作用。