合肥某建筑基坑中更新统粘土中构造节理的发现及特征初析

本文通过对合肥某建筑基坑揭露的中更新世晚期粘土中构造节理进行详细调查编录,分别采集各期节理充填物,进行年代测定和节理发生年代分析,并辅之节理充填物定向显微分析,结果显示中更新世晚期,该地形成多组切割关系清晰的构造节理,反映研究区段、时段曾多次发生构造事件.这一发现和认识对于丰富合肥地区中晚第四纪之交期间变形历史和研究内...     

基于粒子群算法的高光谱影像端元提取技术

基于凸面几何学理论,由端元作为角点的单形体的体积应该是最大的.著名的N-FINDR和SGA算法正是基于以上理论,通过在数据云中寻找体积最大的单形体来实现端元的自动提取.本文利用粒子群优化(PS0)技术,基于凸面几何学理论,设计了一个新的端元提取算法.利用模拟和真实高光谱影像对其进行了实验,并将其结果与N-FINDR和S...     

三峡库区综合信息空间集成平台框架设计与实现

在举世瞩目的三峡工程建设和百万移民的浩大工程即将结束之际,三峡工程建设的重点必然转移到库区建设和管理维护上来.库区建设的成败维系三峡工程的成败,维系库区安全和经济社会协调发展.从分析三峡库区信息资源现状情况入手,从体制、标准、空间技术手段等多层次地对三峡库区综合信息空间集成平台项目的集成框架进行了设计和实现.     

改进的客观分析诊断图形软件

客观分析诊断图形系统是一款面向气象科研,得到广泛应用的二维气象绘图软件。根据气象科研工作和强对流天气分析研究的新需求,对该软件进行了改进,主要包括增加新数据接口、增加新算法、改进算法、简化操作等。改进的软件增加了静止卫星、新一代天气雷达和二进制格式点加工数据GRIdded Binary 2(GRIB2)等多种数据接口,...     

不同类型大尺度环流背景下强对流天气的短时临近预报预警研究

利用常规气象资料、自动站资料、卫星资料、NCEP再分析资料,对2001—2010年安徽省强对流天气过程的物理机制、中尺度特征进行分析。结果表明：强对流天气其发生发展和一定的大尺度环流背景场有关,强对流发生的天气学条件即：丰富水汽、不稳定层结、抬升触发机制或强上升运动,强烈发展的强风暴常有逆温层、强的风垂直切变、中层干冷空气等有利条件。然而,这些条件在不同的大尺度环流背景下各要素的重要性不尽相同,产生的强对流天气类型也不相同。冷涡槽后类对流不稳定表现在中低层温度直减率大;风垂直切变强,风随高度强烈顺转,400～500 hPa有西风急流存在,且与强对流天气的发生区域紧密相关;存在明显的中尺度低压和辐合线、干线;主要造成雷雨大风和冰雹天气。槽前类通常对流不稳定能量较大,中低层有急流存在,风速水平切变和垂直切变大;快速东移的短波槽是触发强对流天气的主要机制;低层水汽条件较好;主要导致雷雨大风、短时强降水和龙卷天气。通过对不同类型大尺度环流背景下强对流天气各天气要素和物理量统计,提取环境场消空指标,明显提高了基于多普勒雷达反射率因子和平均径向速度的龙卷识别和预警水平。对比分析了2010年7月19—20日发生在副高边缘槽前类和在东北冷涡形势下的2009年6月3日、5日、14日在黄淮和江淮地区分别产生飑线并造成大范围雷雨大风、冰雹等强对流天气产生的物理机制、中尺度特征差异,提高对不同类型大尺度环流背景下强对流天气的短时、临近预报水平。     

中国东海海平面长期变化与趋势研究

From the analyses of the satellite altimeter Maps of Sea Level Anomaly(MSLA) data, tidal gauge sea level data and historical sea level data, this paper investigates the long-term sea level variability in the East China Sea(ECS).Based on the correlation analysis, we calculate the correlation coefficient between tidal gauge and the closest MSLA grid point, then generate the map of correlation coefficient of the entire ECS. The results show that the satellite altimeter MSLA data is effective to observe coastal sea level variability. An important finding is that from map of correlation coefficient we can identify the Kuroshio. The existence of Kuroshio decreases the correlation between coastal and the Pacific sea level. Kurishio likes a barrier or a wall, which blocks the effect of the Pacific and the global change. Moreover, coastal sea level in the ECS is mainly associated with local systems rather than global change. In order to calculate the long-term sea level variability trend, the empirical mode decomposition(EMD) method is applied to derive the trend on each MSLA grid point in the entire ECS. According to the 2-D distribution of the trend and rising rate, the sea level on the right side of the axis of Kuroshio rise faster than in its left side. This result supports the barrier effect of Kuroshio in the ECS. For the entire ECS, the average sea level rose 45.0 mm between 1993 and 2010, with a rising rate of(2.5±0.4) mm/a which is slower than global average.The relatively slower sea level rising rate further proves that sea level rise in the ECS has less response to global change due to its own local system effect.     

2008年中国沿岸冬季寒潮激发陆架波的小波分析

This study applies the wavelet analysis to the tidal gauge records, alongshore winds, atmospheric temperature and pressure along the China coast in winter 2008. The analysis results show three events of sea level oscillations(SLOs) on the shelf induced by winter storms. The first event occurred from January 9 to 21. The SLO periods were double-peaked at 1.6–5.3 and 7.0–16.0 d with the power densities of 0.04–0.05 and 0.10–0.15 m2·d, respectively.The second event occurred from February 5 to 18. The SLO period was single-peaked at 2.3–3.5 d with power density of 0.03–0.04 m2·d. The third event occurred from February 20 to March 8. The SLO periods were doublepeaked at 1.5–4.3 and 6.1–8.2 d with the power densities of 0.08–0.11 and 0.02–0.08 m2·d, respectively. The SLOs propagated along the coast from Zhejiang in north to Guangdong in south. The phase speeds ranged about 9–29m/s from Kanmen to Pingtan, 5–11 m/s from Xiamen to Huizhou and 11–22 m/s from Huizhou to Shuidong. The dispersion relation of the SLOs shows their nature of coastal-trapped wave.     

吕宋海峡内波吸引子的三维数值模拟

Internal waves propagate along wave beams that are inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. It is conjectured that the internal waves generated in the Luzon Strait may be confined between the double ridges in the strait and concentrate to a closed trajectory, the so-called internal wave attractor, due to the reflection of wave beams from the lateral boundaries, sea surface and bottom. This work carried out two experiments using a three dimensional non-hydrostatic general circulation model, MITgcm, to investigate the possibility that the ridges in the Luzon Strait allows for internal wave attractors. Baroclinic current in both of the experiments demonstrate the forming of ring-like patterns in some section around 20° and 21°N, indicating that the development of the internal wave attractors are allowed in the Luzon Strait. The different resolutions and initial conditions in the two experiments also reveal that the internal-wave-attractor phenomenon is robust in this region.     

热带不稳定波的年际变化及其与ENSO的关系

使用最优插值的1/4?逐日海温再分析资料(NOAA OISST V2.0)逐日海温资料研究了热带不稳定波(TIWs)的年际变化特征及其与厄尔尼诺与南方涛动(ENSO)的关系。结果表明:TIWs一般在每年的5~7月开始出现,在11~12月末或次年1月末消亡。TIWs和ENSO存在负相关关系,即在ENSO暖位相年(厄尔尼诺年),TIWs强度减弱;在ENSO的冷位相年(拉尼娜年),TIWs强度增强。进一步分析表明,在TIWs活跃的6~12月,其与ENSO存在很好的负相关,且相关性在12月最好。对TIWs和尼诺3.4区指数(NINO 3.4)海表面温度距平(SSTA)进行超前滞后相关分析,发现在TIWs超前ENSO 2~3个月时两者的相关性最显著,这意味着TIWs可能对ENSO循环具有调控作用。     

高光谱影像信息向量机分类

信息向量机是一种基于贝叶斯理论的稀疏高斯过程方法,其模型训练速度快、内存耗费小、稀疏性强,具有良好的预测性能。本文从高斯过程回归模型出发,提出了一种基于信息向量机的高光谱影像分类方法,针对高斯过程分类中的非高斯噪声模型,采用假定概率滤波算法将分类问题转化为回归问题,通过最大化边缘似然函数进行模型训练,选择活动子集中的信息向量数量达到了稀疏的目的。通过ROSIS影像试验,表明了基于信息向量机的高光谱影像分类方法的优势。