IAP T42L9全球谱模式加热场的诊断

就一次出梅时副高北进过程, 对IAP T42L9全球谱模式加热场与利用ECMWF同化系统资料根据热力学方程反算的加热场进行了比较。结果表明:模式参数化加热场的水平分布基本合理,但低纬和南半球中高纬地区加热偏弱; 参数化加热的垂直分布在北半球比较合理,但在南半球与反算法的结果有较大差别。这些结果对模式能很好地预报北半球中高纬环流形势演变,较好地预报西太平洋副高变化及预报的副高系统性偏弱给出了较好的解释。     

THE INFLUENCES OF SSTA OVER KUROSHIO AND ITS EXTENSION ON RAINFALL IN NORTHEAST CHINA UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF TWO DIFFERENT EL NIO CASES

By using the gauged rainfall in 160 stations within mainland China and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the impacts of anomalous SST in Kuroshio and its extension on precipitation in Northeast China were investigated. The results show that a difference in the meridional circulation such as the East Asia/Pacific teleconnection pattern(EAP)may be responsible for the difference in rainfall between 1998 and 2010. In comparison with 1998, the anomalous meridional circulation pattern in 2010 shifted northeastward, and then the western subtropical high, the mid-latitudinal trough and the northeastern Asia blocking high also shifted northeastward, causing intensified convergence of the cold and warm air masses at the southern region and thus more rainfall in the southwestern region and less in the northwestern region. In 1998, the anomalous cyclone, one component of the meridional pattern, located at the Songhuajiang-Nengjiang River basin, resulted in more rainfall in the majority of the area. The results of observation and the model show that the difference in SSTA in Kuroshio and its extension under the background of different El Ni觡o events is the key point:(1) The anomalous warmth moved westward from the mid-Pacific to the east of the Philippine Sea during the central event, which led the heat resources shifting to the northeast in 2010; subsequently, a shift occurred to the north of the anomalous ascent and decent, followed by a warm SSTA in the region of Kuroshio's extension in 2010 and Kuroshio in 1998.(2) The warm SSTA in the Kuroshio extension causing the Rossby wave activity flux strengthened in 2010, and then the westerly jet shifted northward and extended eastward. A warm SSTA in Kuroshio and cold SSTA in its extension in 1998 caused the westerly jet to shift southward and weaken. As a result,the anomalous anticyclone and cyclone shifted northward in 2010, and the blocking high also shifted northward.     

关于城市航空摄影的现状及其质量控制中的若干问题

结合实践论述了当前我国城市航空摄影的现状及开展的项目，介绍了适宜城市航空摄影的飞机基本性能，航摄仪类型及技术参数等。并就航空摄影季节的选择，航摄仪焦距，航高及其保持，影像位移，地面标志的布设，质量的评定等方面的质量控制问题作了详细的论证。并指出，随着采用航空摄影测量手段对GIS快速、高效的采集与更新，航空摄影遥感技术将得到更广泛的应用。     

北黄海浅表层沉积物微量元素的分布及其早期成岩作用探讨

探讨北黄海早期成岩过程中微量元素的分布特征及其对古环境判别指标的影响,结果显示,沉积物中微量元素分布主要受陆源碎屑控制,而早期成岩过程对这种受源岩控制的微量元素分布特征影响不大。早期成岩作用对Mn、Ni、V、Zn影响剧烈。U/Th、V/Cr比值表明古底层水环境为氧化环境,V/(V Ni)比值揭示底层水为厌氧环境,这与V、Ni受早期成岩作用影响较大有关,其不能真实地记录古底层水的氧化还原环境。     

黄海YA01孔沉积物稀土元素组成与源区示踪

黄海YA01孔沉积物稀土元素总量（∑REE）变化范围较大，接近于全球沉积物平均稀土元素含量的下限，略高于黄海、东海、明显低于渤海，南海表层沉积物的平均含量，∑REE和δEu、δCe值的变化受岩性和沉积环境变化的控制，各类沉积物的稀土元素配分模式非常一致，表明这些沉积物具有相同的物源区，Ce/La、Sm/Nd比值的DF值判别结果表明，钻孔沉积物与现代黄河沉积物更为接近。     

海洋油气地球化学探测方法系列与工作程序

海洋油气地球化学探测可分为两个方法系列:直接地球化学探测方法系列和间接地球化学探测方法系列。海洋油气地球化学探测分为3个阶段:区域地球化学普查、重点区带地球化学详查和局部构造地球化学评价。3个阶段的站位布设原则不同,区域地球化学普查和重点区带地球化学详查以网格取样为主,局部构造地球化学评价可以根据实际情况,采用定点、剖面和网格取样。区域地球化学探测以盆地或坳陷为目标,以评价盆地的含油气性和确定有利区带为目的;重点区带地球化学详查以重点区带为目标,以评价重点区带的含油气性和确定局部构造为目的;局部构造地球化学评价以局部构造为目标,以评价局部构造含油气性、进行局部构造排序和建议钻探井位为目的。     

东海陆架HY126EA1孔有孔虫壳体的氧、碳同位素记录

东海陆架HY126EA1孔有孔虫壳体氧同位素组成具有明显的阶段性变化.通过与深海氧同位素组成曲线对比,可将氧同位素组成变化分为5期,分别对应着冰消期、末次冰期极盛期、末次冰期间冰段、末次冰期初期和末次间冰期.碳同位素组成的变化与氧同位素组成的变化基本一致.δ18O和δ13C的相关性在不同气候期存在明显差异,主要受陆源水和海水交换复杂程度的控制.     

南海神狐海域表层沉积物稀土元素地球化学

南海神狐海域表层沉积物稀土元素总量变化较大,分布范围为66.8～218.3μg/g,平均值为128.1μg/g,相对接近于中国黄土(w(∑REE)=170.66μg/g);∑REE受"粒度效应"控制,主要富集于黏土质粉砂中;各类沉积物及与中国黄土、上陆壳和珠江口沉积物的稀土元素标准化曲线的变化趋势基本一致,表明这些沉积物具有相同的物源区,且具有大陆地壳性质。铈的负异常主要受陆源源区气候环境变化控制,而与海水关系不大。∑REE与CaO、CaCO3和Sr元素呈负相关,与Al2O3、K2O、SiO2呈正相关,表明稀土元素与生物作用基本无关,可能主要吸附于黏土矿物表面和赋存于陆源碎屑矿物的晶格中。