Diverging Narratives: Evaluating the Uses of the Ideal-Typical Sequence of Transport Network Development

Abstract

The development of new transport systems has been an important and highly visible component of economic development and spatial reorganization in the past two centuries. The Ideal-Typical Sequence of network development has been a widely used model of transport development. This paper shows that this model has been used in several different ways, with different notions regarding the appropriate use, interpretation, and limitations of the model over time. Students must therefore think critically about ongoing changes to transport and communications systems and their impacts on economic and social conditions, as well as how these impacts are represented in models.     

大连经济技术开发区建设与城市空间扩展研究

开发区的快速发展,推动城市空间的不断扩展和城市功能的转移扩散。通过对大连经济技术开发区建设带动城市空间扩展影响的实证研究,表明经济技术开发区建设对城市空间的规模扩张和功能扩散发挥着重要的作用,具体体现在:(1)地域空间上,再造城市空间形态、形成金州城市新区和布局十大产业功能园区;(2)经济空间上,加快传统制造业向高新技术产业转型,发展进出口贸易,引领东北地区外向型经济发展;(3)社会空间上,增加就业比重,建设人才强区,建立相对完善的现代教育体系和科研创新体系,加快原有社会空间的分异和新社会空间的形成。     

长江三角洲高新区可持续发展研究

长江三角洲是我国经济最发达、智力资源最密集的地区之一,高新区已经成为当地高新技术产业发展的主导力量。1990年以来,长江三角洲高新区凭借其良好的区位条件和政策的支持,软硬环境进一步优化,迅速集聚起各类要素资源,增长极作用明显,但也存在自主创新机制不完善,研究开发能力较弱,产品技术含量较低,国际竞争力不强等问题。本文从经济实力、经营绩效、科技创新能力、对外开放能力以及生态效率等5个方面选取29项指标,运用主成分分析法,对长江三角洲8个国家级高新区可持续发展能力进行评价。结果显示,上海张江高新区可持续发展能力最强,南京高新区和无锡高新区次之,杭州高新区和苏州高新区居中,宁波高新区和常州高新区较弱,泰州高新区最弱。并基于此提出了促进长江三角洲高新区可持续发展的对策措施。     

我国区域信任度比较研究

信任对市场、经济和社会的繁荣与发展具有重要作用。信任作为经济社会发展的内生变量,与区域经济发展、市场化进程之间存在着相互影响、互为因果的关系。中国新兴加转轨的双重制度环境加剧了区域信任度的差异,这种差异更多是区域经济发展和市场化进程的结果而不是原因。通过对中国大陆省际不均衡的区域经济发展、市场化进程和信任水平进行比较分析,发现较高的区域经济发展水平和与之协调的市场化进程导致较高的区域信任度,较低的区域经济发展水平和超前的市场化进程导致较低的区域信任度。     

20世纪90年代中期以来中国县域旅游研究进展与展望

采用Pearson Correlation分析法对1995-2010年我国县域旅游研究重要文献进行系统评述,初步构建了我国县域旅游理论体系;研究内容主要包括发展、规划、开发、资源、市场、形象、产品和方法研究8个领域21个视角,研究方法以现象描述和数理统计方法为主,但仍存在着理论研究视角、实证研究对象和研究方法选择较单一等问题;今后应分别从发展、规划、开发、要素和研究方法等方面的28个重要方向拓宽和延伸我国县域旅游的理论与实证研究。     

重庆市巴南区地热资源开发利用现状及前景分析

巴南区地热资源丰富,热储总存量为3.105×1015KJ,热流体储存总量为6.855×108m3。经30多年的开发利用,已初步形成了以东温泉、南温泉、桥口坝温泉为核心的温泉旅游开发格局,主要用于温泉房地产开发、风景区、温泉旅游、康乐疗养休闲、商务会展等。为提升开发利用水平,巴南区地热水资源开发要以市场为导向,以效益为目标,突出重点、打造精品、强化特色、完善配套,建设特色温泉产业。     

基于生态足迹模型的南宁市生态承载力分析

生态足迹模型是用于计算人类生态消费、衡量生态可持续性发展的一种定量方法。本文运用此方法对广西南宁市2009年生态足迹和生态承载力进行了测算,并将之与其他区域进行对比分析,得出了南宁市当前社会资源的供给与需求存在严峻的矛盾,进而提出了减轻生态赤字、加强可持续发展的措施和建议,试为该区可持续发展战略的实施提供科学决策依据。     

A National Survey to Examine Teacher Professional Development and Implementation of Desktop GIS

ABSTRACT

This article examines the results of an online national survey of K–12 educators who attended a series of GIS training workshops conducted by the authors between 1998 and 2004. Data from the self-report survey (N = 186) suggest new information about potential changes in instruction and assessment patterns following GIS training. The survey provides insight for those designing GIS-based professional development, while simultaneously describing relatively little change in instructional methodology. The survey confirms some classroom implementation constraints from an earlier national implementation survey, identifying a lack of time for teachers, variable skill levels among students, and software complexity.     

An evaluation of the Wellington Regional Genuine Progress Index

There is widespread discontent with the gross domestic product (GDP) as a measure of progress for society. Alternative measures have been proposed, including the genuine progress indicator (GPI). This paper examines the changing institutional arrangements and attitudinal context in the recently developed Wellington region (New Zealand) GPI. We found an alignment between the GPI framework and the Local Government Act. Despite this fit, we identified challenges, including the need to revitalise public participation through deliberative techniques. It remains too early to judge whether the GPI initiative will launch a viable alternative to the GDP for the Wellington region.     

Interpreting rural change in Malaysia

Relatively little in the literature on rural change in Southeast Asia engages with Malaysia, where the population is becoming urban‐based more rapidly than in many countries in the region. The literature on change in rural Malaysia during the past 40 years, supplemented by our own research, is used to identify key features of such change, which are considered in the context of existing interpretations to arrive at deeper understandings of rural change. Existing conceptualizations of rural change, it is suggested, must account for the diversity of roles taken by individuals daily, seasonally and at different life stages, as well as in multiple locations. Further attention needs to be paid to gender, generation and class among those experiencing change. Processes of rural (and urban) changes will continue and their complexity will reflect cultural and technological evolutions that affect individuals, households and communities throughout the world.