博尔塔拉河温泉水文站输沙率与流量异步施测法分析

在悬移质输沙率与流量异步施测法基本原理分析的基础上,根据河流特性建立了多年综合及相邻流量测次累积面积百分数与累积流量百分数相关曲线法不同的部分流量权重系数借用方案。经实测资料检验输沙率与流量异步施测法的计算误差符合《河流悬移质泥沙测验规范》精度要求,能满足悬移质泥沙测验的生产需求。     

青海省河南县三叠系伊利石结晶度与极低级变质作用

在开展“青海省河南县托叶玛地区I47E007023、I47E008023、I47E009023、1I47E009024四幅1:5万区域地质矿产调查”时,为验证该地区三叠系变质情况,针对三叠系中泥岩(页岩)的伊利石结晶度做了分析测试。30件样品的实验结果表明: 北部宗务隆—泽库地层分区三叠系泥岩(页岩)伊利石Kübler结晶度指数为0.312~0.537,晶胞参数b₀为0.898 0~0.903 2 nm,判断其变质温度小于350 ℃,具葡萄石-绿纤石和沸石相; 南部西倾山地层分区三叠系泥岩(页岩)的伊利石Kübler结晶度指数为0.21~0.318,b₀为0.898 1~0.901 4 nm,变质温度主要分布在200~350 ℃,局部>350 ℃,具葡萄石-绿纤石和绿片岩相。研究认为青海省河南县地区区域变质程度较低,为极低级变质作用或者未发生区域变质作用,且南部西倾山地层分区的变质程度略高于北部宗务隆—泽库地层分区变质程度。这一变质相带研究结论与前人认为的“区域低温动力变质作用及低绿片岩相变质带”不一致,变质程度相对更低。该研究证实了在青海省河南县地区三叠系地层中不存在大面积区域变质作用,仅存在极低级区域变质作用。     

阿勒泰地区河流冰情特征

本文分析了阿勒泰地区主要河流１９５９￣１９８９年３０年间冰情状况,初步总结了河流冰情规律。     

沙地渗灌系统的自动监测与控制

通过沙地渗灌系统的应用实践以及与沟灌、漫灌进行的比较研究,着重介绍了其对水分实行自动监测与控制的功能;分析了其可向植物根群区直接供给水分和养分,减少水分蒸发,保持沙地良好水分状态的优越性。     

In-situ survey of nanomolar manganese in seawater using an autonomous underwater vehicle around a volcanic crater at Teishi Knoll,Sagami Bay,Japan

We present the results of a chemical survey at a submarine volcano, Teishi Knoll, obtained using a submersible in-situ Mn analyzer (GAMOS) mounted on an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) platform. During this survey, high-resolution data of dissolved Mn were obtained in three dimensions in nearly real time. The AUV enabled continuous detailed observations along a preprogrammed pathway, which could not have been performed with conventional CTD hydrocasts. During this observation, anomalously high dissolved Mn concentrations were obtained within the crater, corresponding to high water temperatures. The anomalies might be a hydrothermal signature due to volcanic activity from the crater.     

Underwater autonomous manipulation for intervention missions AUVs

Many underwater intervention tasks are today performed using manned submersibles or remotely operated vehicles in teleoperation mode. Autonomous underwater vehicles are mostly employed in survey applications. In fact, the low bandwidth and significant time delay inherent in acoustic subsea communications represent a considerable obstacle to remotely operate a manipulation system, making it impossible for remote controllers to react to problems in a timely manner.Nevertheless, vehicles with no physical link and with no human occupants permit intervention in dangerous areas, such as in deep ocean, under ice, in missions to retrieve hazardous objects, or in classified areas. The key element in underwater intervention performed with autonomous vehicles is autonomous manipulation. This is a challenging technology milestone, which refers to the capability of a robot system that performs intervention tasks requiring physical contacts with unstructured environments without continuous human supervision.Today, only few AUVs are equipped with manipulators. SAUVIM (Semi Autonomous Underwater Vehicle for Intervention Mission, University of Hawaii) is one of the first underwater vehicle capable of autonomous manipulation.This paper presents the solutions chosen within the development of the system in order to address the problems intrinsic to autonomous underwater manipulation. In the proposed approach, the most noticeable aspect is the increase in the level of information transferred between the system and the human supervisor.We describe one of the first trials of autonomous intervention performed by SAUVIM in the oceanic environment. To the best knowledge of the authors, no sea trials in underwater autonomous manipulation have been presented in the literature. The presented operation is an underwater recovery mission, which consists in a sequence of autonomous tasks finalized to search for the target and to securely hook a cable to it in order to bring the target to the surface.     

Discrete time-delay control of an autonomous underwater vehicle: Theory and experimental results

A discrete time-delay control (DTDC) law for a general six degrees of freedom unsymmetric autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is presented. Hydrodynamic parameters like added mass coefficients and drag coefficients, which are generally uncertain, are not required by the controller. This control law cancels the uncertainties in the AUV dynamics by direct estimation of the uncertainties using time-delay estimation technique. The discrete-time version of the time-delay control does not require the derivative of the system state to be measured or estimated, which is required by the continuous-time version of the controller. This particularly provides an advantage over continuous-time controller in terms of computational effort or availability of sensors for measuring state derivatives, i.e., linear and angular accelerations. Implementation issues for practical realization of the controller are discussed. Experiments on a test-bed AUV were conducted in depth, pitch, and yaw degrees of freedom. Results show that the proposed control law performs well in the presence of uncertainties.     

内蒙古自治区翁牛特旗姚家店铅锌矿地质特征

内蒙古自治区翁牛特旗姚家店铅锌矿矿床为一受NW向断裂带构造控制的中低温岩浆热液充填交代型铅锌矿床,形成于燕山晚期,矿体呈脉状产于二叠世额里图组安山质凝灰岩之构造破碎带内,形态产状严格受断裂构造控制。矿石为硅化、黄铁矿化碎裂岩型铅锌矿石。     

地震勘探技术在内蒙古自治区四子王旗德日存呼都格矿区的应用

地震勘探技术以其成本低、效率高的优势在煤田勘探中被广泛的应用。内蒙古自治区四子王旗德日存呼都格矿区采用地震勘探技术,在解释煤层、构造等方面取得了良好的效果,给煤矿的开采设计施工提供了参考依据,为煤炭勘查做出了重要贡献。     

降雨对松散堆积体滑坡稳定性影响探讨——以贵州省沿河土家族自治县为例

降雨是引发滑坡灾害的主要原因之一。通过对沿河土家族自治县具代表性的四个松散堆积体滑坡的分析,认为最大降雨量与滑坡的稳定性系数、滑面倾角均成反比,而滑带土内摩擦角增加时,滑坡启动需要的降雨强度就越大,成正比。其认识与目前该类滑坡的监测数据变化特征总体相吻合。