抗硅藻附着活性细菌的筛选、鉴定与发酵条件优化

从美国华盛顿州圣璜岛海域的8 种海绵样品的120 株共附生微生物中, 筛选出11 株细菌的粗提物能有效抑制硅藻附着。其中683 号菌株活性最高, 对5 种受试硅藻的平均抑制率达到98.0%。结合形态学特征和扫描电镜观察, 以及16S rDNA 序列分析, 鉴定该菌株为短小芽孢杆菌Bacillus pumilus。并采用正交试验对该菌株进行发酵条件优化, 结合粗提物的产量和抗硅藻附着活性进行统计学分析,确定了该菌株的最佳发酵条件是: 发酵温度25℃, pH 7.5, NaCl 浓度19.45 g/L, 蛋白胨浓度5 g/L。     

现代海洋药物研发进展与浅析

海洋药物历史悠久但发展缓慢,在90年代开始正式进入到热点研究领域。随着海洋药物研究的深入,国际范围内逐渐有数个药物获得上市批准,并有大量的海洋药物或衍生物进入不同阶段的临床试验;但海洋药物的发展速度仍远慢于其他类型的药物。海洋来源的物质具有区别于其他药物的特点,结构新颖、活性独特,是优良的药物宝库。但海洋药物发展受到多方面因素的限制,需要综合社会与技术资源并依托优良的政策以从根本上解决相关问题。本文概述了海洋药物的研发进展并对相关问题进行了浅析。     

Utilization of Banana Stem Juice as a Feedstock Material for Bioethanol Production

Bananas are widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical countries and about 220 tons of biomass waste is produced per hectare of banana plantation. Banana pseudostem contains nearly 90% of moisture and about 4–5 m³ sap is generated from one ton of dried stem with high chemical oxygen demand(COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). The feasibility of using banana sap as a feedstock to produce ethanol is evaluated in this study. Banana sap is obtained by crushing the pseudostems and concentrated ten times and supplementing with other industrial byproducts such as corn steep liquor(CSL), spent wash (SW), and yeast extract (YE) for ethanol production. Acid and alkali hydrolyzes are performed to enhance the sugar levels of the sap before fermentation. Two different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MTCC170 and MTCC180) are used for fermentation. In general, supplementation of banana sap with industrial byproducts significantly enhanced the ethanol production. The maximum ethanol production (2.5 g ^?1) is observed with concentrated banana sap supplemented with 25% SW (v/v) with MTCC170, which is 16‐fold higher than banana sap alone. Theethanol content is also higher in alkali‐hydrolyzed banana sap supplemented with 25% SW compared to control. These results suggest that banana sap can be used as a renewable source to produce ethanol by supplementing with other industrial byproducts.     

海洋弧菌Z010 产生几丁质酶的发酵条件研究

以海洋弧菌Ｚ０１０ 菌株为对象,研究了其产生几丁质酶的发酵条件。研究表明,其产酶的最佳发酵条件为：２２１６Ｅ液体培养基中含０．５％ （ｗ ／ｖ）的胶体几丁质,０．５％ （ｗ ／ｖ）的蛋白胨,培养起始ｐＨ值为７．０, ２５℃摇床２００ ｒ／ｍ ｉｎ 培养３６ｈ,几丁质酶产出最大。     

天然沸石在畜禽饲养及粪便污染治理中的应用研究

在畜禽饲料中添加适量的河北省赤城所产的沸石矿粉,不仅可使肉蛋疸有所增加,提高饲料率,降低生产成本,而且可降低畜禽舍内的有害气体含量,改善饲养人员的劳动环境,并有僧于畜禽健康。采用人工干清粪、沸石－好氧细菌发酵治理畜禽粪便工艺,具有较大的技术和成本优势,可以改善饲养场的周边环境,对于水资源的保护和利用具有重要意义,为畜禽粪便的污染治理与商品化生产提供了新的途径。     

海洋真菌LD8岩藻多糖酶的固态发酵条件研究

对海洋真菌LD8岩藻多糖酶的固态发酵条件进行了研究,主要内容包括氮源、诱导物、起始pH、人工海水盐浓度及温度等。固态发酵最佳培养基组成：麸皮7．5g,葡萄糖0．1g,海带粉0．5g,NaNO3为0．04g;最佳培养条件为培养温度28℃,起始pH6．0。在28℃培养48h,酶活力可达13．6IU/g干培养基,比活力为0．93IU／mg蛋白质。另外对岩藻多糖酶酶学性质进行了研究。