大圆筒码头抗震试验研究

采用室内模型试验研究大圆筒深高比、径高比对码头抗震性能的影响关系,主要针对自振频率、振型、动力放大系数等动力特性进行分析比较。根据试验结果,提出合理的振型、基频建议公式和加速度分布系数建议图形及大圆筒结构适用范围。试验证实,大圆筒码头结构适用于后方填土的软弱地基,从安全经济合理性方面推荐使用浅埋式剪切型大圆筒结构。     

软基上沉入式大圆筒结构的水平承载力分析

大圆筒结构是一种适宜于软土地基上的新型港口水工建筑物,但目前对于软基上大圆筒结构的水平极限承载力尚缺乏合理的计算模式和分析方法.结合长江口深水航道治理二期工程,针对大圆筒结构设计方案提出了一种简便而实用的上限极限分析方法,采用有限元数值分析解验证了所提出计算方法的合理性,进而,据此进行了一系列变动参数比较计算,以此对大量的计算结果进行了系统的分析,所得到的数值计算结果与分析结论为工程设计提供参考依据.     

Surface motion of a cylindrical hill of circular-arc cross-section for incident plane SH waves

A closed-form solution of two-dimensional scattering of plane SH waves by a cylindrical hill of circular-arc cross-section in a half-space is presented using the wave functions expansion method. The solution is reduced to solving a set of infinite linear algebraic equations, using the auxiliary functions and the exterior region form of the Graf's addition theorem. Numerical solutions are obtained by truncation of the infinite equations and their accuracies are demonstrated by convergence of the numerical results and by the extent to which the numerical results fit the exact boundary conditions with increasing the truncation order. The numerical results for some typical cases are then presented for checking accuracies of various numerical methods. The effects of the height-to-width ratio of the hill on surface ground motion are finally illustrated.     

地图投影系统进一步补充的可能性——关于多圆柱投影

本文指出了地图投影分类系统中还有若干“空白”有补充的必要和可能,并以多圆柱投影为例,阐述了它的建立原理,用三个实例说明了多圆柱投影的建立过程。作者认为补充这一类投影既使地图投影分类得到进一步充实,同时对教学活动也有积极意义。     

考虑时效作用的桩基承载力计算方法研究

采用空间轴对称固结有限元结合修正剑桥模型，用柱形孔扩张对沉桩过程进行模拟，求出不同时期桩周土中的应力，从而得到不同间歇期桩侧的最大摩擦力。应用荷载传递法对桩基承载力进行计算，结合桩周土体剪切强度、应力状态的变化，得到了考虑时效影响的桩基承载力的计算方法。实例计算表明，结果较合理。     

Map projection errors in the Weber problem

 When demand points are given as a planar map where projection method is explicitly stated, we usually know the latitudes and longitudes of these points from the map. Then we can solve the Weber problem on the globe, and we do not suffer from errors. This paper analyses how cylindrical projections cause distortion in the Weber problem when demands are distributed on the Northern Hemisphere. First, we demonstrate that planar solutions are always located south of the spherical solution if the Mercator projection, the equirectangular projections with standard parallels near the demands, or the equal-area projection with the same characteristic is chosen. Second, we verify that this geographical tendency is inclined to hold when the demand points, are distributed symmetrically, widely or toward the north. Received: 15 August 2001 / Accepted: 20 April 2002 This paper was partially written while the first author was visiting the Department of Geography at the Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium [1993–1994]. He is grateful for the hospitality of this department. An earlier version of this paper was presented in 1994 at the Seventh Meeting of the European Operational Research Working Group on Locational Analysis in Brussels, and in 1996 at the Fifth World Congress of the Regional Science Association International in Tokyo. The authors would also like to thank the participants as well as three anonymous referees for their constructive comments.     

Richtmyer–Meshkov Instability Reshock Experiments Using Laser-Driven Double-Cylinder Implosions

As a shock travels through the interface between substances of different densities, existing perturbations can grow via the Richtmyer–Meshkov (RM) instability. The study of the RM instability in a convergent geometry leads to a better understanding of implosions applicable to inertial confinement fusion and various astrophysical events, such as core-collapse supernovae. We present results of laser-driven double-cylinder implosions performed at the Omega laser facility with an emphasis on sending a second shock through an already shocked RM unstable interface. The uniform reshock of a cylindrical interface is achieved by inserting a second cylinder inside the first that reflects the inwardly traveling shock and causes it to interact a second time with the unstable interface. We present an analysis of the instability growth as a function of shock strength and zero-order perturbation behavior during reshock.     

考虑扰动的饱和软黏土圆柱孔扩张弹塑性解

根据原位十字板试验扰动导致饱和软黏土不排水强度降低的事实,应用圆柱形孔扩张理论,假设饱和软黏土在塑性阶段满足Tresca屈服条件,提出了一种基于饱和软黏土灵敏度的扰动度D且是塑性区半径的对数函数。考虑在塑性区内不排水强度su是扰动度D的函数,得到了考虑扰动的圆柱形孔扩张的弹塑性解答。     

渗透破坏若干问题的解析解及机理分析

讨论了柱坐标下不同介质有限区域内用分离变量法求解Laplace 方程的问题。通过一系列计算试验,给出了柱坐标下Laplace 方程在不同介质有限区域内用分离变量方法求的解,并用该解对渗透破坏现象进行了讨论和实例验证。认为渗透系数分布不均匀是发生渗透破坏的根本原因,渗透破坏朝着渗透系数差异较大的方向发展,并对管涌的复杂机理进行了引申阐述。该工作对于流土、管涌机理的更深入研究具有重要的意义。     

深潜器大开口球形耐压操纵舱结构模型的力学性能

结合模型试验和数值计算对大潜深、带大开口的球形耐压结构静态力学性能进行了研究。研究中考虑到材料非线性、非弹性的因素,通过对材料拉伸试验曲线的分析,得到了材料应力-应变的近似表达式;并且利用超声测厚仪对结构模型的几何缺陷进行了测量。同时基于参数化设计语言建立了有随机几何缺陷的有限元模型,并利用接触单元考虑了大开口观察窗与耐压结构的联系。试验验证表明论文提出的利用有限元软件分析大潜深、大开口耐压壳体力学性能的计算方法和计算策略是准确可靠的,所获得的结果可供设计使用。