The Neapolitan Yellow Tuff — A large volume multiphase eruption from Campi Flegrei,Southern Italy

the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) (12 ka BP) is considered to be the product of a single eruption. Two different members (A and B) have been identified and can be correlated around the whole of Campi Flegrei. Member A is made up of at least 6 fall units including both ash and lapilli horizons. The basal stratified ash unit (A1) is interpreted to be a phreatoplinian fall deposit, since it shows a widespread dispersal (>1000 km²) and a constant thickness over considerable topography. The absence of many lapilli fall units in proximal and medial areas testifies to the erosive power of the intervening pyroclastic surges. The overlying member B was formed by many pyroclastic flows, radially distributed around Campi Flegrei, that varied widely in their eruptive and emplacement mechanisms. In some of the most proximal exposures coarse scoria and lithic-rich deposits, sometimes welded, have been identified at the base of member B. Isopach and isopleth maps of fall-units, combined with the distribution of the coarse proximal facies, indicate that the eruptive vent was located in the NE area of Campi Flegrei. It is considered that the NYT eruption produced collapse of a caldera approximately 10 km diameter within Campi Flegrei. The caldera rim, located by geological and borehole evidence, is now largely buried by the products of more recent eruptions. Initiation of caldera collapse may have been contemporaneous with the start of the second phase (member B). It is suggested that there was a single vent throughout the eruption rather than the development of multiple or ring vents. Chemical data indicate that different levels of a zoned trachyte-phonolite magma chamber were tapped during the eruption. The minimum volume of the NYT is calculated to be about 50 km³ (DRE), of which 35 km³ (70%) occurs within the caldera.     

松辽盆地徐家围子断陷营城组粗面岩成因与隐爆机制

松辽盆地徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩中含有粗面质岩石,是深层天然气重要储层之一。岩心、钻井及地震资料研究表明,粗面岩具有高位喷发、低位充填的特征,在火山口附近厚度大,远离火山口厚度小。粗面岩主量、微量及同位素地球化学显示其属于钾玄岩系列,富集稀土元素,强不相容元素Rb、Ba、Th、U质量分数较高。粗面岩的(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.704 321~0.705 395,ε_Nd(t)为正值（3.36 ~ 3.83）,Pb同位素比值相对集中,(²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i、(²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i、(²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i平均值分别为18.43、15.51和38.23。研究表明,粗面质岩浆由区域年轻地壳组分部分熔融形成,经历了一定程度的分离结晶作用,地壳混染作用不显著。粗面质岩浆多期次喷发后形成粗面岩,热液气体不断聚集发生隐蔽爆破形成角砾,未固结的角砾被岩浆期后热液“胶结”,形成隐爆角砾岩,构成了粗面质岩石重要的储层类型。     

西藏安多地区粗面岩的特征及其锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年

安多粗面岩位于班公湖-怒江缝合带中段,紧邻安多蛇绿岩带的北侧,出露面积约30km2,堆积厚度约1500m,属陆相火山岩。火山机构面貌保存较完整。岩石类型包括安粗岩、石英安粗岩、粗面岩及少量火山碎屑岩,以粗面岩为主,属钾玄岩系列。岩石地球化学和同位素示踪特征表明岩石属相对高压型的粗面岩,是与大陆碰撞后造山有关的钾质火山岩。岩浆主要来源于加厚的陆壳下部,但也有幔源组分的贡献。粗面岩中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为79.9Ma±1.9Ma,是粗面质岩浆上侵结晶的年龄,表明安多粗面岩的喷溢时代为晚白垩世, 也暗示班公湖-怒江洋盆安多段早白垩世晚期已经闭合,晚白垩世时期羌塘地块与拉萨地块已成为统一的陆块,并具有加厚的陆壳。     

辽河油田两个斑岩侵入体裂缝特征对比研究

辽河油田东部凹陷中段的黄沙坨和欧利坨子斑岩体相距不到10 km,均侵位于始新统沙河三段下部的碳质泥岩烃源层.地球化学分析表明,两岩体均为粗面斑岩,成分非常一致,很可能在深部相连或来源于同一岩浆房.但两者的储油裂缝系统却迥然不同,欧利坨子岩体发育一套隐爆角砾岩裂缝系统,而黄沙坨岩体则主要发育了火成岩中首次被报道的一套以水平裂缝、波状水平裂缝和剪切裂缝为特征的波状-水平裂缝系统.结合具体地质特征对两类裂缝系统作了对比,并讨论了其形成机制.     

吉林省白头山火山岩的微量元素及其岩石学意义

白头山火山岩中含有一套粗面岩—钠碱流岩,与下伏的长白山玄武岩组成一个岩石系列。在白头山火山岩中,REE、Zn、Zr等元素十分富集,而过渡元素及Sr、Ba等元素极其贫 化。REE配分具明显的Eu负异常,许多不相容元素在岩石系列中表现出良好的线性关系。依据微量元素行为的数学模式对这些特征进行定性分析和定量模拟,其结果表明白头山火山岩是由长白山玄武岩岩浆经结晶分异形成的。     

Instrumental Neutron and Photon Activation Analysis in the Geochemical Study of Phonolitic and Trachytic Rocks

More than 130 samples of Tertiary phonolitic, trachytic and trachyandesitic rocks, representing evolved members of strongly and weakly alkaline volcanic rock series of the Ohre (Eger) Rift in the Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic, were analysed by instrumental neutron and photon activation analysis (INAA and IPAA, respectively). Forty-two major and trace elements were determined to explain the origin of such evolved rocks. Specific features of INAA and IPAA of the silicic, highly alkaline rocks are discussed, and results for selected samples are given.     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987114001133

A chronological study of seamount rocks in the South China Sea basin provides a great opportunity to understand the expansion and evolution history of the sea basin. In this paper, we analyzed the 40Ar...     

辽河坳陷粗面岩地球物理响应特征及预测技术研究

辽河坳陷欧利坨子地区发育大规模、巨厚层状粗面岩,并赋存了大量油气资源。但由于粗面岩岩石物理性质特殊,分布规律性较差,目前尚未形成一套具有针对性的预测技术,制约着粗面岩油藏的进一步勘探和开发。为此,在对粗面岩进行岩石物理分析以及正演模拟的基础上,提出了综合应用地震技术预测粗面岩分布的方法。研究成果表明:(1)研究区粗面岩表现为低时差、高密度、高自然伽马的测井响应特征以及低频、强振幅的地震响应特征;(2)联合多参数岩性反演和纵波阻抗反演可以实现粗面岩分布的预测;(3)平均反射强度和平均波峰振幅对于粗面岩引起的反射异常较为敏感,有利于准确刻画粗面岩分布范围;(4)根据粗面岩分布区的低频特征,21Hz的振幅调谐体频率切片可以有效识别粗面岩体。     

陕西镇坪双河口铌矿床地质地球化学特征与成因探讨

为了进一步深入认识陕西双河口铌矿床的赋矿特征与矿床成因,本文做了详细的岩石学、矿物学、矿床地球化学研究。结合区域上已有的研究成果,认为镇坪双河口铌矿床是以铌为主的大型矿床,该矿床赋矿地层为奥陶系-志留系斑鸠关组,控矿构造为北西向次级断裂带,赋矿岩石以黑云母粗面岩为主,热液蚀变发育,铌矿化与钠长石化、钠铁闪石化、黑云母化关系密切。矿区粗面质火山岩富碱质,具有Eu负异常,含矿粗面岩富钠、轻稀土元素。矿床成因类型为岩浆热液型,早期岩浆结晶分异初步富集铌-稀土元素,岩浆期后碱质交代作用进一步富集成矿。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF ALKALINE VOLCANIC ROCKS OF PLIOCENE IN THE WESTERN PART OF HONGHE FAULT ZONE

CHARACTERISTICS OF ALKALINE VOLCANIC ROCKS OF PLIOCENE IN THE WESTERN PART OF HONGHE FAULT ZONE