Elemental mobility in subduction metamorphism: insight from metamorphic rocks of the Franciscan Complex and the Feather River ultramafic belt,California

The degree of element mobility in subduction metamorphism has generated much debate; some workers advocate considerable mobility during metamorphism, whereas others postulate minimal mobility. We assess this issue by examination of major and trace element concentrations and Pb-, Nd-isotopic data for 39 mafic metavolcanic rocks from the Franciscan subduction complex, related units of coastal California, and the Feather River ultramafic belt of the northern Sierra Nevada, California; these samples span a wide range of metamorphic grade. We conclude that these rocks, despite their metamorphism up to eclogite facies, preserve protolith major and trace elemental compositions and isotopic ratios, with the exception of some mobile large ion lithophile elements such as Ba, Pb, and to a smaller extent La, U, and Sr. Thus subduction metamorphism of these metabasalts occurred in a largely closed system. Lack of light rare earth element enrichment in the rocks demonstrates lack of chemical exchange with subducted metasediments. Relatively low SiO₂ content (<48 wt.%) of many of the metamorphic rocks and the lack of correspondence between silica depletion and metamorphic grade suggests that the silica depletion resulted from seafloor hydrothermal alteration before subduction. In spite of demonstrated mobility of Pb, and possible mobility of Nd, isotopic ratios of Pb and Nd were not modified during subduction metamorphism. In contrast to our results from metabasaltic rocks, our analysis of actinolite-rich rinds from high-grade Franciscan mélange blocks suggests some chemical exchange between metachert and the overlying mantle. The increasing enrichment in Ba and Pb with increasing metamorphic grade suggests that Ba- and Pb-rich fluids interacted more intensely with metabasalt at the higher grades of metamorphism. Comparison of these results with studies of the active Mariana forearc suggests that fluids interacting with the mantle wedge up-dip of the region of magma genesis are derived from subducting sediments overlying the down-going plate.     

基于Hilbert-Huang变换的探地雷达信号增强及复信号分析

阐述了Hilbert-Huang变换原理,着重讨论了EMD分解应满足的条件及具体分解过程.以黑麋峰抽水蓄能电站进厂交通隧洞实测GPR剖面为例,应用EMD分解去除部分噪声,再利用Hilbert变换求取GPR剖面复信号,提取瞬时振幅、瞬时相位、瞬时频率3个参数,绘制出相互独立的瞬时参数剖面图,根据不同地质状况进行多参数综合解释.结果表明,该方法避免了使用单一时距剖面分析所造成的解释偏差,能够更好地对异常信息做出反映,提高了GPR数据的解析精度.     

苏丹哈马迪金矿地球化学特征及成因探讨

苏丹哈马迪金矿区矿石与岩石稀土配分曲线的相似性表明二者具有同源性;矿石硫同位素组成δ(34S)值为较小的负值,表明区内硫来源单一,且硫质应为深源物质;而矿石中的氢、氧同位素特征则表明金矿热液应来源于变质热液.众多事实表明,哈马迪金矿与泛非造山运动及其后的区域变质作用关系密切,成矿热液来源于围岩,属受剪切作用控制的变质热液型金矿床.     

连续小波变换在探地雷达信号分析中的应用研究

广泛应用于工程勘探的探地雷达,由于其发射的高频电磁波在介质中迅速衰减、受环境噪声大等因素影响,探测剖面难以对相对较深的异常体有较好的响应.复信号分析提取三瞬参数可多角度分析信号,并能突出弱反射信息,但易受噪声干扰,且常规的滤波方法不能有效地去除这一干扰.将具有时～频双重局限性的小波变换引入到复信号分析中,解决了复信号分析易受噪声干扰的问题,恢复了其对异常提取的能力.将此算法用于实际雷达探测数据处理中,取得了良好的应用效果.     

大倾角地区的三维地震勘探应用与效果

该勘探区位于白山市江源区,地表地形复杂,埋藏较深,地层倾角很大。针对本区特点,采用静校正、反褶积测试、地表一致性剩余静校正、叠后及叠前时间偏移等处理手段,尤其采用了叠前时间偏移技术,保证三维归位的准确性,提高了分辨率。查明了区内10 m以上的断层,控制了煤系地层的起伏形态,并圈定了主要煤层南部赋存边界。     

柴达木盆地西北缘牛鼻子梁铜镍矿矿床特征及其发现意义

牛鼻子梁铜镍矿产于柴达木盆地西北缘古陆块上,其成矿与基性-超基性层状杂岩体有关。共发现3个岩体,其中以Ⅰ号岩体规模较大,出露面积近7km2,其余2个岩体较小。岩体岩石堆晶结构明显,具层状和纹层状构造。Ⅰ号岩体出露岩性以层状淡色辉长岩、闪长岩为主,局部夹超基性岩,代表层状杂岩体上部层序。Ⅱ、Ⅲ岩体以超基性岩石为主,代表层状杂岩体下部层序,是主要的含矿层位。通过槽、钻探验证,在Ⅱ、Ⅲ岩体已发现硫化物铜镍矿体9条,其中,一条矿体的视厚度达41.1m,Ni平均品位为0.5%,最高1.57%。其矿石矿物主要为磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿和黄铜矿等,属岩浆熔离改造型矿床,有后期热液叠加。该类型矿床是在柴达木地块周缘首次发现,具有重要的现实意义,其为今后在柴达木盆地周缘寻找与基性-超基性岩有关的铜镍硫化物矿床提供了依据。     

四川里伍铜矿田控矿构造特征与找矿方向

里伍铜矿田位于扬子地台西缘江浪变质核杂岩穹隆构造中。现已发现里伍、黑牛洞等中小型铜矿床7处,为扬子地台西缘地区铜矿集中产出区之一。中深构造层次的江浪变质核杂岩构成了矿区构造主体。通过对里伍铜矿田内矿床的地质特征、控矿因素和控矿构造特征等的系统研究表明,矿田中由变质核杂岩穹隆构成的构造组合及其韧性剪切滑脱带控制了铜矿体的定位、形态以及矿床的规模。变质核杂岩穹隆中的韧性剪切滑脱带是主要控矿构造。在综合研究的基础上,提出了矿田和区域找矿方向。     

直线立体匹配中遮挡问题的解

遮挡会引起不同视角图像中特征间"一配多"和"多配多"的复杂对应关系,是特征立体匹配面临的主要难题之一。本文提出一个遮挡存在条件下直线特征间对应关系的求解模型,在此基础上实现了一种能够完整建立各种对应关系的直线立体匹配算法。     

高斯投影复变换与Maple计算机代数系统的实现方法

高斯投影的复变换与实变换相比具有独特的优势.使用Maple计算机代数系统,高斯投影正算及反算变换的核心就是方程求解及复积分计算.本文对高斯投影复变换进行了改进,只需建立正算变换计算式而不需要针对反算变换再建立一套变换计算式,给出了Maple系统方程求解的求根函数法以及复积分计算的积分级数分析法、椭圆积分函数法及直接积分...     

一次西南低涡暴雨过程的诊断分析与数值模拟

利用常规观测资料、FY-2C卫星云图、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对一次西南低涡暴雨过程进行了诊断分析。结果表明,这次暴雨天气过程的主要影响系统有对流层高层南亚高压、中层低涡、低层切变线（低涡）以及台风＂天鹅＂。该过程是由3个接连发生的中尺度对流云团直接造成的,发生在西南低涡闭合涡旋范围内的非对称处。利用WRF_AR...