Outstanding challenges for urban conservation research and action

Researchers, advocates and policymakers have proposed urban conservation as an emerging, integrative discipline that can contribute to sustainable cities by delivering co-benefits to human and non-human components of biodiversity. Given the recent growth in biodiversity-friendly designs and management schemes, there is an urgent need for a synthesis of this fragmented research base to inform planners and decision-makers. We conducted a systematic multidisciplinary literature review (787 papers) and found that the importance of urban areas for general conservation is not convincingly supported by empirical research. Only few studies demonstrated that cities can directly contribute to conservation efforts, by hosting viable populations of rare or endangered species, or by providing green corridors for the passage of natural populations. From a social perspective, while several studies demonstrated that green infrastructure could provide services for people (notably cultural services), only few studies explored the role of species diversity per se. Our review also shows strong geographical, location and taxonomic biases in urban biodiversity conservation research that make generalisations difficult. It is a disturbing paradox that while research in urban biodiversity conservation is rising exponentially, the main motivations for conserving urban biodiversity remain largely untested and unproven. We thus propose a framework for promoting integrative urban conservation research to bridge those gaps. Together, these findings warn against expanding cities under green planning and call for enhancing biodiversity experience by improving the quality of existing green spaces throughout the entire urban matrix. We provide a set of recommendations for practitioners and decision-makers to continue action.     

Promoting geodiversity: learning lessons from biodiversity

Progress made in promoting geodiversity in recent times is reviewed, concluding that it is now an established component of the Earth Sciences. However, it still lacks the status and standing of biodiversity in governmental, political and public forums. The paper assesses what can be learnt from the experience of the development and promotion of biodiversity. Based on this experience, eight suggestions for increasing the understanding and ownership of geodiversity beyond the Earth science community are provided as a basis for discussion.     

The functional evolution and system equilibrium of urban and rural territories

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The coordinated development of urban and rural territorial systems has long been a scientific issue of concern in geography and socioeconomic development in...     

专业认证制度下变形观测分析与预报课程教学改革

文章从落实专业认证的现实需要出发,论述了工程教育专业认证的核心理念.并籍此对变形观测分析与预报课程的教学现状进行了深刻反思,提出了以目标导向为主的课程体系改革,以学生为中心的课堂教学改革,以内外反馈信息为导向的持续改进的课程教改方案.教学各环节中,以专业“产出”衡量专业人才培养质量,“看学不看教”,阶段性考核,确保教学改革落到实处.     

基于工作过程导向的高职《数字测图》课程考核改革与实践

现阶段我国高等职业教育人才培养评价机制大多沿袭高等本科教育的考核评价方式,忽视了职业教育的职业性。考核评价的客观性受到质疑,不利于教学质量的提高,特别是不能满足当前基于工作过程导的高职教学改革的需求。因此,探索适合职业教育特征,能够结合行业要求和学校教育特点来评价学生的职业能力,使考核评价有效促进教学质量的提高,为课程教学的实施提供有效保障的课程考核方案已成为摆在每一位高职教师面前的迫切任务,本文根据基于工作过程的高职课程教学理念,介绍了高职测绘类专业中基于工作过程的《数字测图》课程教学考核方案的设计改革与实践,通过江西环境工程职业学院2个班级的考核实践,证明了本课程的考核方案改革取得了预期的成效。     

“测绘专业英语”课程教学改革的探索与实践

测绘专业英语既是一门语言课,同时又具有明显的专业课特征,这决定课程在测绘人才培养中具有承前启后的重要作用。测绘专业英语的教学质量,直接影响到大学生毕业后能否较好地利用英语开展测绘领域的相关工作。为此,结合测绘工程本科专业的特点及学生实际,在教学中针对教学目的、教学内容和教学方法做了一些有益的探索与实践。     

深化土地制度改革的广域视角和深度思维

在改革成为社会各界持续热议并正发力推进的今天,改革思维和视角的重塑与再造意义非凡。全球一体化的大势正推进着文化融合走向深入,洋为中用、中西合璧等观点正深度影响着我国改革进程,尤其是土地制度改革。笔者认为,只有立足文化基因的视角,明白"洋如何为洋用"才能做好"洋为中用",切实做到"大我"和"小我"的理性认知,公平和效率的均衡协调、底线和红线的表里融合理应成为我国土地制度改革的主论调和基本准则。     

大数据视角下的地矿工作发展与变革研究

本文提出了地矿大数据应用需要考虑地球系统和社会系统两个方面的内部规律,分析了地矿大数据的三类组成,给出了地矿大数据的四层应用架构;重点就大数据下地矿工作发展和变革提出了四项建议,包括重视数据,转变地矿工作决策模式;收集数据,夯实地矿工作决策基础;分析数据,提高地矿工作科学决策水平;开放数据,提高地矿工作服务能力和水平。     

大都市郊区农村土地制度综合改革的探索与创新——以上海市浦东新区为例

在中央提出推进新型城镇化和实施农村土地制度改革试点的新形势下,如何适应客观实际、率先探索出大都市郊区土地综合改革新路并为全国其他地区改革提供参考借鉴,具有十分重要的现实意义。本文以上海市浦东新区为例,深入分析梳理大都市郊区农村土地开发利用和改革创新所面临的问题与主要瓶颈,在此基础上就如何深化农村土地制度综合改革的总体思路和具体措施提出有针对性和可操作性的对策建议。     

浅析新型城镇化的土地支撑

新型城镇化要以人为本,是推进以人为核心的城镇化,提高城镇人口素质和居民生活质量,要把促进有能力在城镇稳定就业和生活的常住人口有序实现市民化作为首要任务。新型城镇化需要土地支撑,要解决人地失调的突出问题,要把实现人地和谐作为主要目标,坚持耕地保护与节约集约用地的基本国策,发挥规划的龙头作用和计划的管控作用,有序推进土地制度改革。