胶南造山带中高压、超高压变质矿

胶南造山带榴辉岩中的高压、超高压变质矿物主要有绿辉石、镁铝榴石、柯石英、金刚石、金红石等。柯石英、金刚石均呈微晶状包裹于石榴子石、绿辉石中。柯石英多已转化为石英聚晶,并使包裹它的矿物产生放射状胀裂纹;金刚石呈近等轴八面体等,其形成压力达３．５ＧＰａ以上。榴辉岩围岩中的高压、超高压变质矿物主要有辉石类（透辉石、霓石、暗硬玉）、钠钙质钠质角闪石（钠闪石、镁钠闪石）、多硅白云母（３Ｔ型）、钠长石、绿帘石等。高压、超高压变质矿物的广泛出现指示区内存在两期高压变质作用：早期为超高压榴辉岩相变质作用;晚期为高压绿片岩相榴辉岩相变质作用。华北板块与扬子板块的多次碰撞是区内高压、超高压变质作用产生的主要原因。     

矿床成矿系列研究的若干问题与方向——兼论非金属矿床成矿系列研究的有关问题

矿床成矿系列研究是当前区域成矿学研究的重要内容。自70年代末提出矿床成矿系列的概念以来,矿床成矿系列的研究无论在金属矿床方面还是在非金属矿床方面都已取得重要进展。笔者对比了非金属矿床与金属矿床成矿系列的概念、层次划分、分类、研究内容和命名,分析了矿床成矿系列研究的现状,并讨论了矿床成矿系列研究存在的问题。笔者认为,成矿系列的概念应予统一,在层次划分和分类上应有统一的标准,还应考虑到金属矿床与非金属矿床的统一性和差异性。     

内蒙额尔古纳在矿带中生代火山岩浆活动与金属成矿的关系

在岩石学和微量元素地球化学研究的基础上,通过对不同类型矿床的成矿岩体及围岩条件的分析,探讨了中生代火山岩浆活动与金属成矿的关系。认为晚侏罗世火山岩浆活动为成矿提供了有利的围岩的构造空间;早白垩世岩浆活动提供了成矿岩体及热力学条件,该期次火山岩浆的侵入并作用于不同的围岩、形成了由斑岩型Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ矿,浅成熟液型Ａｇ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ矿等组成的一系列矿床组合。     

Rhyolitic fallout and pyroclastic density current deposits from a phreatoplinian eruption in the eastern Aegean Sea, Greece

The Kos Plateau Tuff consists of pyroclastic deposits from a major Quaternary explosive rhyolitic eruption, centred about 10 km south of the island of Kos in the eastern Aegean, Greece. Five main units are present, the first two (units A and B) were the product of a phreatoplinian eruption. The eruption style then changed to `dry' explosive style as the eruption intensity increased forming a sequence of ignimbrites and initiating caldera collapse. The final waning phase returned to phreatomagmatic eruptive conditions (unit F). The phreatomagmatic units are fine grained, poorly sorted, and dominated by blocky vitric ash, thickly ash-coated lapilli and accretionary lapilli. They are non-welded and were probably deposited at temperatures below 100°C. All existing exposures occur at distances between 10 km and 40 km from the inferred source. Unit A is a widespread (>42 km from source), thin (upwind on Kos) to very thick (downwind), internally laminated, dominantly ash bed with mantling, sheet-like form. Upwind unit A and the lower and middle part of downwind unit A are ash-rich (ash-rich facies) whereas the upper part of downwind unit A includes thin beds of well sorted fine pumice lapilli (pumice-rich facies). Unit A is interpreted to be a phreatoplinian fall deposit. Although locally the bedforms were influenced by wind, surface water and topography. The nature and position of the pumice-rich facies suggests that the eruption style alternated between `wet' phreatoplinian and `dry' plinian during the final stages of unit A deposition.Unit B is exposed 10–19 km north of the inferred source on Kos, overlying unit A. It is a thick to very thick, internally stratified bed, dominated by ash-coated, medium and fine pumice lapilli in an ash matrix. Unit B shows a decrease in thickness and grain size and variations in bedforms downcurrent that allow definition of several different facies and laterally equivalent facies associations. Unit B ranges from being very thick, coarse and massive or wavy bedded in the closest outcrops to source, to being partly massive and partly diffusely stratified or cross-bedded in medial locations. Pinch and swell, clast-supported pumice layers are also present in medial locations. In the most distal sections, unit B is stratified or massive, and thinner and finer grained than elsewhere and dominated by thickly armoured lapilli. Unit B is interpreted to have been deposited from an unsteady, density stratified, pyroclastic density current which decelerated and progressively decreased its particle load with distance from source. Condensation of steam during outflow of the current promoted the early deposition of ash and resulted in the coarser pyroclasts being thickly ash-coated. The distribution, texture and stratigraphic position of unit B suggest that the pyroclastic density current was generated from collapse of the phreatoplinian column following a period of fluctuating discharge when the eruptive activity alternated between `wet' and `dry'. The pyroclastic density current was transitional in particle concentration between a dilute pyroclastic surge and a high particle concentration pyroclastic flow. Unidirectional bedforms in unit B suggest that the depositional boundary was commonly turbulent and in this respect did not resemble conventional pyroclastic flows. However, unit B is relatively thick and poorly sorted, and was deposited more than 19 km from source, implying that the current comprised a relatively high particle concentration and in this respect, did not resemble a typical pyroclastic surge.     

吉林东部延吉地区中生代火山岩地球化学特征

吉林东部延吉地区大面积出露的中生代火山岩,根据岩性特征可分为三个火山喷发旋回。各旋回火山岩均属ＳｉＯ２过饱和的中基性—中酸性岩类。从第一旋回至第三旋回岩石碱度变化较大,岩浆分异明显,特别是第三旋回分异作用明显高于第一、二旋回。火山岩中金、铜微量元素的平均含量普遍高于同类岩石的克拉克值几倍至几十倍,而且随着岩浆分异程度的升高,其平均含量有明显升高的趋势,为本区金、铜矿床的形成提供了物质来源。     

基于空间面板计量模型的雾霾对中国城市旅游流影响的空间效应

以中国342个市域单元为研究对象,借助双变量LISA模型、空间面板杜宾模型等方法,探究了1998-2016年雾霾与中国城市旅游流的空间关联特征,分析了雾霾对旅游流的影响及其空间溢出效应。结果表明,在中国雾霾PM_2.5与城市旅游流有东高西低的分布特点,在胡焕庸线两侧的空间分布呈现出与地形和城市发展等因素的空间耦合性;雾霾与城市旅游流（含国内和入境旅游流）均表现出显著的空间集聚和空间依赖特征,雾霾污染对旅游流产生明显的影响并形成相应的空间效应;雾霾对旅游流的抑制区域在不断扩大,H-L型城市数量的增加、L-H型集聚区的片状扩张和华北、华中地区的L-H型集聚的“空心化”现象均表明旅游流具有低雾霾指向性;雾霾污染与旅游流的倒“U”型曲线关系表明经典的EKC假说对中国城市旅游流同样适用,且雾霾污染的显著负向影响主要存在于入境旅游方面;雾霾和旅游流均具有明显的正向空间溢出效应,将雾霾治理同经济发展、对外联系、旅游开发、生态保护和交通建设等因素结合起来进行综合治理,才能为旅游发展创造美好的环境,实现国际、国内旅游健康、协调、可持续的高质量发展。     

基于Weka的地震数据挖掘系统的设计与实现

基于开源的数据挖掘系统Weka，使用Java语言及面向对象的思想，设计并实现了地震数据挖掘系统。根据地震数据资料的特点，将数据挖掘的核心技术（聚类分析、关联规则分析等）引入到该系统中，其中聚类分析选用DBSCAN作为核心算法，关联规则分析选用Apriori作为核心算法。用户使用该系统只需在交互界面选择相关参数，即可实现调用数据挖掘算法来分析地震数据，发现探索其隐含规律。     

斑马鱼GSTM单核苷酸多态性与低温耐受性的相关分析

为分析谷胱甘肽硫-转移酶M基因(glutathione S-transferases M,GSTM)与鱼类低温耐受性的相关性,本实验运用PCR-SSCP技术研究了130尾斑马鱼(Danio rerio)GSTM基因5?UTR、3?UTR和第一内含子序列的单核苷酸多态性(Single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNPs),同时分析了筛选到的基因型与其低温耐受性状的关联性。结果显示,在其5UTR区域检测到AB、BC、AC 3种基因型个体,共A、B、C 3个等位基因,其观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别是1.000和0.570,多态信息含量为0.472,所检测群体在该座位偏离了Hardy-Weinberg平衡;第1内含子中检测到DD、DE和EE 3种基因型个体,共D、E两个等位基因,其观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别为0.408和0.477,多态信息含量为0.362,群体在该座位符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。3'UTR区域中没有发现多态性。上述2个SNP座位与斑马鱼低温耐受性状的关联分析结果表明,5'UTR区3种基因型与低温耐受性状均没有显著相关性(χ2=4.029,P0.05)。而第1内含子3种基因型与低温耐受性状显著相关(χ2=8.498,P0.05):DD基因型在耐低温群体中占优势(50.00%),并表现为对受低温胁迫斑马鱼的保护性因素(OR=0.520,95%CI=0.255–1.061),而DE基因型在不耐低温群体中占优势(51.31%),表现为低温胁迫下斑马鱼的危险因素(OR=3.012,95%CI=1.413–6.419)。研究结果为GSTM基因SNPs位点与斑马鱼低温耐受性能关联分析提供了依据,也将为海水经济鱼类抗寒标记筛选育种提供参考。     

柴西乌南-绿草滩地区古近系下干柴沟组下段储盖组合与勘探潜力

运用层序地层学的理论和方法,综合钻井、测井和三维地震资料,在柴西乌南-绿草滩地区古近系下干柴沟组下段识别出两个层序界面,将其划分为1个长期基准面旋回(三级层序)LSC1和4个中期基准面旋回(四级层序)MSC1、MSC2、MSC3和MSC4。在等时地层格架约束下,详细分析了研究区储集层、盖层及储盖组合的发育规律与基准面旋回的内在联系,指出本区古近系下干柴沟组下段具有较大的油气勘探潜力。     

空间同位模式支持下城市服务业关联发现及特征分析

空间同位模式分析是数据挖掘中一种常见的方法,可有效挖掘城市设施在空间位置上的关联特征,进而发现城市设施的分布规律。本文基于POI数据同位模式挖掘用来获取城市服务业空间关联结构：首先,通过邻近实例获取、同位候选模式存储与筛选,得到城市服务业二阶同位模式;然后,据此构造产业空间关联图,得到产业间的关联结构;最后,分别构造了产业空间关联图密度和产业空间关联显著指数,用来衡量城市服务业空间关联的紧密程度和整体关联的显著程度。本文选取成都、兰州、郑州、沈阳、上海与深圳为试验区,实验结果表明：不同城市服务业的空间关联结构存在共性与特殊性,整体上,餐饮、购物等与居民日常生活相关的服务业易与其他服务业产生空间强相关,这几类服务业内部空间集聚明显;成都与沈阳的服务业整体表现空间关联度高且紧密,兰州其次,上海与深圳的服务业则整体表现空间关联较弱,郑州的服务业空间关联较紧密但强度较低。