海面-地面系统中三维古地面反演计算的剥蚀算法研究

三维古地面反演计算是海面-地面系统研究中的一个基础研究。该文在前人研究的基础上提出了三维古地面反演计算的剥蚀算法,并与传统的加积算法做了比较分析,得出剥蚀算法比加积算法有对时间序列离散判断简单、方便计算等优点。同时,在GIS平台下实现了该算法,并以长江三角洲地区为试验区,进行了古地面虚拟反演计算,取得了较好的效果。     

城市化对地面气温变化趋势影响研究综述

在综述城市化对地面气温资料序列影响研究进展的基础上,总结评估了不同空间尺度上地面气温序列中城市化影响的性质和强度.在城市台站和局地尺度上,多数研究均发现城市化对地面气温序列影响明显;区域尺度的研究主要集中在中国、美国和欧洲等少数地区,研究结果存在较大的差异,但采用严格遴选乡村站资料的分析都得到了城市化影响很明显的结论.在中国大陆地区,国家级气象台站年平均地面气温的上升趋势中,至少有27.3%可归因于城市化影响;对于全球或半球陆地平均气温序列而言,研究工作还很不充分,但一般认为城市化影响较小,可能不超过总增温的10%.现有研究还表明,城市化对地面气温序列的影响随时间和区域有不同的表现;城市化对包括中国在内的东亚地区近半个世纪长序列地面气温趋势的影响是非常显著的,但对欧洲地区的明显影响可能主要发生在20世纪早期甚至19世纪后期.目前的研究仍然存在一些问题和困难,其中包括研究覆盖的区域和时间段有限、乡村站遴选标准不统一、城市化影响偏差订正方法有待完善等.     

浙江省妙西多金属矿床成矿模型及找矿标志

笔者通过大量地质、地球化学、球物理和矿床（点）资料研究,提出浙江省妙西多金属矿床成矿模型,该模型正在为普查项目所证实。妙西多金属矿矿床是典型的岩浆期后热液矿床,矿体主要受本区的三级构造即岩体接触带构造和地层不连续界面构造控制。地球物理测量提供的深部信息和地质构造标志是本区多金属矿直接找矿标志,地表物化探资料在普查工作中可以起辅助作用。     

多肢剪力墙自振频率传递矩阵法简化计算

基于连续体系模型与传递矩阵法的结合,提出了一种简化方法来计算多肢剪力墙的动力特性。整个结构体系等效模拟为一个夹层结构梁;建立了相应的基本微分方程;通过求解微分方程得到了楼层间变形函数;利用边界条件及层间变形函数导出了层间传递矩阵;据此计算出了体系的振型与自振频率。算例分析表明本文方法计算结果与文献给出的解是比较吻合的。     

基于构件拆除法的RC框架结构动力反应和抗倒塌能力分析

目前,地震及爆炸荷载下的结构连续倒塌问题已成为土木工程领域研究的热点。本文首先简要介绍了国内外有关连续倒塌问题的研究现状和规范制定情况,然后基于OpenSees模拟平台,对一钢筋混凝土框架结构进行了拆除柱构件的动力分析。计算结果表明:拆除边柱比拆除内柱对结构的倒塌危险性要大,楼板对拆除构件后结构的动力反应有一定的减小作用。依据美国公共事务管理局(GSA)的倒塌规范,采用静力非线性分析和竖向增量动力分析对结构抗连续倒塌能力进行了研究。分析结果表明:楼板在一定程度上可提高结构抗连续倒塌能力;动力放大系数(DAF)随结构进入塑性而逐渐增大;由静力非线性分析曲线得到的结构抗连续倒塌能力曲线与竖向增量动力分析曲线吻合较好。     

A neural network based methodology to predict site-specific spectral acceleration values

A general neural network based methodology that has the potential to replace the computationally-intensive site-specific seismic analysis of structures is proposed in this paper. The basic framework of the methodology consists of a feed forward back propagation neural network algorithm with one hidden layer to represent the seismic potential of a region and soil amplification effects. The methodology is implemented and verified with parameters corresponding to Delhi city in India. For this purpose, strong g...     

Characteristics of horizontal ground motion measures along principal directions

<正>Ground motion records are often used to develop ground motion prediction equations(GMPEs) for a randomly oriented horizontal component,and to assess the principal directions of ground motions based on the Arias intensity tensor or the orientation of the major response axis.The former is needed for seismic hazard assessment,whereas the latter can be important for assessing structural responses under multi-directional excitations.However,a comprehensive investigation of the pseudo-spectral acceleration(PSA) and of GMPEs conditioned on different axes is currently lacking.This study investigates the principal directions of strong ground motions and their relation to the orientation of the major response axis, statistics of the PSA along the principal directions on the horizontal plane,and correlation of the PSA along the principal directions on the horizontal plane.For these,three sets of strong ground motion records,including intraplate California earthquakes,inslab Mexican earthquakes,and interface Mexican earthquakes,are used.The results indicate that one of the principal directions could be considered as quasi-vertical.By focusing on seismic excitations on the horizontal plane,the statistics of the angles between the major response axis and the major principal axis are obtained;GMPEs along the principal axes are provided and compared with those obtained for a randomly oriented horizontal component;and statistical analysis of residuals associated with GMPEs along the principal directions is carried out.     

A Case study of a snowstorm at the Great Wall Station,Antarctica

A case of a snowstorm at the Great Wall Station was studied using data of NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) analysis, in situ observations and surface weather charts. The storm occurred on August 29th,2006, and brought high winds and poor horizontal visibility to the region.It was found that the storm occurred under the synoptic situation of a high in the south and a low in the north. A low-level easterly jet from the Antarctic continent significantly decreased the air temperature and humidity.Warm air advection at high level brought sufficient vapor from lower latitudes for the snowstorm to develop.The dynamic factors relating to strong snowfall and even the developmentof a snowstorm were deep cyclonic vorticity at middle and low levels,the configuration of divergence at high level and convergence at low level, and strong verticaluplift. There was an inversion layer in the low-level atmosphere during the later phase of the storm.This vertical structure of cold air at low levels and warm air at high levels may have been important to the longevity of the snowstorm.     

高应力深部洞室模型试验分区破裂现象机制的初步研究

以经典的芬纳公式为手段,以观察到分区破裂现象的模型试验为背景,通过对简化后的圆形巷道围岩应变场和能量场的分析,发现极限平衡区边界存在径向应变的不连续性和弹性变形能的聚集性。认为与开挖洞室呈同心圆的环状断裂的形成,是极限平衡区在边界上由于应变场的不协调而导致的与弹性区的断裂分离。而分区破裂的产生,则是这种断裂分离形成后极限平衡区向深处发展的结果。解释了分区破裂产生时洞周围岩应变和位移随距离洞室增加呈波浪形变化的非单调性规律,给出了分区破裂形成后各破裂区半径的表达式,关系式表明各破裂区之间存在等比关系,比值与地应力状态及围岩力学参数有关。将分区破裂模型试验的参数代入该式,可得,n =1.1左右,与实验完成后剖开模型的各破裂区分布特征基本相符。     

基于改进算法的HJ-1气溶胶厚度反演研究

提出了在HJ-1 CCD自带卫星观测角度数据的基础上,结合卫星自带几何解算参数推算连续像元的太阳天顶角、方位角,并将原始卫星观测角度、推算几何角度数据生成对应四波段合成数据的改进算法,以提高反演数据的精度.结合Kaufman暗目标法和改进算法后对应连续像元几何数据的6S模型调用表,对南宁市中心城区2018年8月、9月、...