Modelling and predicting the spatial dispersion of skin cancer considering environmental and socio-economic factors using a digital earth approach

ABSTRACT

Almost all causative factors of diseases depend on location. The Digital Earth approach is suitable for studying diseases globally. Geospatial information systems integrated with statistical models can be used to model the relationship between a disease and its causative factors. Through modelling, the most important causative factors can be extracted and the epidemiology of the disease can be observed. In this paper, skin cancer (the most common type of cancer) has been modelled based on its causative factors, including climate factors, people's occupations, nutrition habits, socio-economic factors, and usage of chemical fertiliser. To fit the model, a data framework was first designed, and then data were gathered and processed. Finally, the disease was modelled using Generalised Linear Models (GLM), a statistical model based on the location of the factors. The results of this study identify the most important causative factors together with their relative priority. Furthermore, a model was used to predict the change in skin cancer occurrences caused by a change in one of its causative factors. This work illustrates the ability of the model to predict disease occurrence. Thus, by using this Digital Earth approach, skincancer can be studied in all the key countries around the world.     

顾及地理矢量场空间变化特征的多分辨率纹理可视化方法

网络环境下海量、高维、动态、多尺度地理空间矢量场数据的在线高效可视化,一直是大规模密集矢量场数据集成与综合应用分析亟须解决的关键问题。地理矢量场数据蕴含大量非规则、多尺度、时空异质的变化特征与结构,传统矢量场纹理可视化方法,受全局统一采样密度的限制,存在典型的稠密遮挡、特征模糊的问题。针对上述问题,本文提出了一种顾及地理矢量场空间变化特征的多分辨率纹理可视化方法,引入复合信息熵定量显式描述矢量场的空间变化,以此驱动图像空间内多频噪声纹理生成、矢量场多分辨率纹理的构建与增强表达,有效克服传统纹理可视化方法的技术瓶颈。最后采用风场数据进行试验,验证了本文方法的可靠性与有效性。     

Research on the security of national geospatial data clearinghouse based on ASP

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多源地理空间矢量数据集成与融合方法探讨

针对人们对地理空间数据迫切需求,介绍了多源地理空间矢量数据产生的管理与技术原因及其5种表现形式,提出了多源地理空间矢量数据集成与融合的概念及其相互关系。论述了地理数据模型的融合、地理要素语义的融合和地理数据投影和坐标系的统一是多源地理空间矢量数据集成与融合基本理论与方法。给出了实现多源数据集成的数据格式转换、数据互操作和直接数据访问方法。最后,讨论了地理要素几何位置的融合,以及通过地理要素语义融合消除地理要素数据描述和属性差异的矢量数据融合方法。     

地理信息服务质量(QoGIS):概念和研究框架

在探讨地理数据特点的基础上，提出了地理信息服务质量（QoGIS）的概念和研究框架，设计了一个体现地理信息服务质量的原型系统架构。     

基于Geodatabase的基础地理空间数据库设计

介绍了基于Geodatabase的空间数据牢设计方法，设计了城市基础地理空间数据库，并实现了城市基础地理空间数据的整合与共享。     

地理信息数据质量的概念、评价和表述——地理信息数据质量控制国家标准核心内容浅析

介绍已经报批的国家标准<地理信息质量原则>和<地理信息质量评价过程>所确定的地理信息数据质量元素、子元素及其描述符,数据质量评价的方法、内容和要求,以及数据质量评价结果的表达方法,并就我国这一领域存在的问题和相关标准及今后的发展简单地进行了分析.     

Evaluating the fitness for use of spatial data sets to promote quality in ecological assessment and monitoring

This article proposes and illustrates a practical methodological framework to evaluate the fitness for use of spatial data sets for environmental and ecological applications, focusing on user requirements for specified application contexts. The methodology is based on the use of metadata to analyze similarity between the data characteristics and the user’s needs or expectations for several quality indicators. Additionally, the concept of ‘critical factors’ is introduced in this framework, allowing users to define which quality indicators have greater importance given their own requirements or expectations and the specified application contexts. The proposed methodology further allows integrating and interconnecting the spatial data quality (SDQ) evaluation methodology with metadata geoportals in WebGIS platforms, facilitating its operation by users from non-spatial disciplines and with often limited expertise on this subject. Examples of the evaluation of fitness for use for specific application contexts within the project BIO_SOS (‘Biodiversity Multi-SOurce Monitoring System: From Space To Species’ FP7 project) are presented. By providing a prompt and straightforward evaluation tool, the proposed methodology can encourage the implementation of SDQ evaluation routines in ecological assessment and monitoring programs, promoting a more adequate use of geospatial data and ultimately contributing to well-supported policy and management decisions.     

Geospatial spreadsheets with microscale air quality visualization and synchronization for supporting multiple-scenario visual collaboration

A major obstacle of the interdisciplinary communications for decision-making is that each participant prefers the solution from their own area because current collaboration systems cannot effectively mediate among many alternatives. If a visual collaboration system could display multiple alternatives in a single visual presentation, users would be able to compare alternatives with only a few variables, where all other parameters are fixed, at least from a visual perspective. In this study, we developed a visualization tool to support a microscale air quality (MSAQ) management group, the members of which often need to compare the effects of many alternative control methods. The main achievements of this study are: (1) three-dimensional (3D) visualization of the MSAQ using a 3D city model and (2) development of a geospatial spreadsheet (GS) to facilitate visual comparisons, thereby improving decision-making by making it easy to compare differences based on realistic visual display items. A questionnaire-based survey showed that use of the GS could generate a shared perspective and provide a spatiotemporal context for the participants, thereby making it easy to compare, mediate and reach decisions when confronted with many alternatives.