The Paleogene upper Xiaganchaigou Formation (E32) is the most important source rock and reservoir in the Qaidam Basin. However, there are few studies on the processes of hydrocarbon accumulation in this formation; therefore, its hydrocarbon resource potential has not been estimated reasonably. This paper evaluates the hydrocarbon generation properties in light of an improved hydrocarbon generation and expulsion potential model. According to the geochemical characteristics of source rocks and the petrological features of reservoirs, the potentials of different resource types, including conventional oil, tight oil and shale oil, are quantified by combining the buoyancy-driven hydrocarbon accumulation depth (BHAD) and the lower limit for movable resource abundance. The results show that the source rocks are characterized by a large thickness (more than 1000 m), moderate organic matter content, high marginal maturity and a high conversion rate (50% hydrocarbons have been discharged before Ro?=?1%), which provide sufficient oil sources for reservoir formation. Moreover, the reservoirs in the Qaidam Basin consist mainly of low-porosity and low-permeability tight carbonates (porosity of 4.7% and permeability less than 1 mD). The maximum hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, retention and movable retention intensities at present are 350?×?104 t/km2, 250?×?104 t/km2, 130?×?104 t/km2 and 125?×?104 t/km2, respectively. The thresholds of hydrocarbon generation, expulsion and BHAD were 0.46% Ro, 0.67% Ro and 0.7% Ro, respectively. Moreover, the dynamic evolution process of hydrocarbon accumulation was divided into three evolution stages, namely, (a) initial hydrocarbon accumulation, (b) conventional hydrocarbon reservoir and shale oil accumulation and (c) unconventional tight oil accumulation. The conventional oil, tight oil and movable shale oil resource potentials were 10.44?×?108 t, 51.9?×?108 t and 390?×?108 t, respectively. This study demonstrates the good resource prospects of E32 in the Qaidam Basin. A comprehensive workflow for unconventional petroleum resource potential evaluation is provided, and it has certain reference significance for other petroliferous basins, especially those in the early unconventional hydrocarbon exploration stage.
The Load Unload Response Ratio (LURR) method is an intermediate-term earthquake prediction approach that has shown considerable promise. It is inspiring that its predictions using LURR have been improving. Since 2004 we have made a major breakthrough in intermediate-term earthquake forecasting of the strong earthquakes on the Chinese mainland using LURR and successfully predicted the Pakistan earthquake with magnitude M 7.6 on October 8, 2005. The causes for improving the prediction in terms of LURR have been discussed in the present paper. 相似文献
自"九五"以来中国地震局在中国大陆不同地区建立了大量的数字化地震观测台站,为地震预测和数字地震学的研究工作提供了海量的可靠的数据资源.利用这些数字化波形数据目前已开展了大量的地震预测研究工作,取得一系列成果,为地震预测提供了新的思路和方法.为此,在地震预测和数字地震学相关研究工作中,数字波形分析方法及其相关处理软件对于地震波信息的挖掘变得越来越重要,基于此原因研制了<数字波形地震预测分析软件系统--wavePRED Version 2007>.通过一段时间的检验和应用,认为该软件可作为地震预测和数字地震学研究工作中一款分析工具.本文首先概述了利用数字波形进行地震预测工作的重要性及其存在的一些问题,然后介绍了wavePRED系统的研制意义、设计目标、研制思路、系统具有的一些特点、构建系统的框架体系、操作界面、技术特点、方法与功能等,给出了该系统的应用实例,最后对软件中存在的问题进行了讨论,也对软件的未来前途进行了美好展望. 相似文献