INTERACTIONS OF MULTIPLE TYPHOONS AND RELATIONSHIPS OF HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL VORTICITY

Three typhoons, Goni, Morakot and Etau which were generated in Western Pacific in 2009, are successfully simulated by the WRF model. The horizontal and vertical vorticity and their interaction are analyzed and diagnosed by using the simulation results. It is shown that their resultant vectors had a fixed pattern in the evolution process of the three typhoons: The horizontal vorticity converged to the tropical cyclone (TC) center below 900 hPa level, flowed out from it at around 900 to 800 hPa, and flowed in between 800 hPa and 700 hPa. If multiple maximum wind speed centers showed up, the horizontal vorticity converged to the center of the typhoon below the maximum wind speed center and diverged from the TC center above the maximum wind speed center. At low levels, the three typhoons interacted with each other through vertical circulation generated by the vortex tube. This circulation was mainly generated by the eastward or westward horizontal vorticity vectors. Clouds and precipitation were generated on the ascending branch of the vertical circulation. The vortex tubes often flowed toward the southwest of the right TC from the northeast of the left TC. According to the full vorticity equation, the horizontal vorticity converted into the vertical vorticity near the maximum wind speed center below 850 hPa level, and the period of most intense conversion was consistent with the intensification period of TC, while the vorticity advection was against the intensification. The vertical vorticity converted into the horizontal vorticity from 800 hPa to 600 hPa, and the wind speed decreased above the maximum wind speed region at low levels.     

内蒙古石哈河地区黑云母二长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

通过对乌拉特中旗石哈河地区黑云母二长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学的系统研究,探讨了其形成时代及构造环境。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值为(275.0±0.7)Ma,代表了其成岩年龄。岩石的A/CNK值为0.93~1.10,属于偏铝质-弱过铝质I型花岗岩,σ值为2.01~2.88,属于钙碱性系列。岩石ΣREE偏低,轻稀土富集而重稀土亏损,LREE/HREE为9.86~15.63,轻重稀土分异程度较高,Eu异常不明显或呈弱的负异常。原始地幔标准化蛛网图上富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K等,而亏损高场强元素Nb,蛛网图特征与正常弧花岗质岩石基本一致。根据石哈河地区黑云母二长花岗岩所处大地构造位置、侵位时代及岩石地球化学特征,推断其形成于活动大陆边缘构造环境,这也标志着研究区由洋壳俯冲阶段转入陆-陆碰撞构造演化阶段的时间上限应晚于早二叠世晚期。     

工程物探方法在探测坝体隐患中的应用

针对锦西化工集团皂化渣场存在的防渗大坝渗水现象,采用综合物探方法对坝体进行渗漏检测.检测工作选择充电法、高密度电阻率法和浅震反射波法,准确地圈定了坝体内部的渗漏部位.经防漏施工后有效地制止了坝体渗漏.由此证实工程物探方法是一种经济、高效的坝体渗漏检测手段.     

空间数据访问中间件技术

空间数据共享和互操作是GIS领域迫切需要解决的重要问题,文中基于OGC规范,探讨了空间数据访问中间件的实现策略,并给出相应的实现模型,屏蔽多源空间数据的异构性和复杂性,实现分布式异构环境下的共享和互操作。     

GasbenchⅡ IRMS稳定同位素质谱法高精度测定环境水体中δD、δ18O和δ13CDIC同位素比值：实验室间对比研究

GasbenchⅡ-连续流稳定同位素质谱仪(IRMS)联用在线分析已成为水中δD、δ18 O和δ13 CDIC分析测试的常用方法。为了探讨GasbenchⅡ-IRMS检测方法对δD、δ18 O和δ13 CDIC分析准确度和精确度,通过国家海洋局第三海洋研究所、河海大学、南京地质矿产研究所、成都理工大学、中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所、中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所、中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所7家实验室的在线的连续流GasbenchⅡ-MAT253检测仪器,采用CO2-H2O平衡法、疏水铂催化H2-H2O平衡分析方法分析海水(YHS)、云南水(YYNS)和西藏水(YXZS)中δD、δ18 O,采用磷酸法分析工作标准HDIC、KSTD、饮用水(HBLS)、饮用水(HNF),海水(HHSY)中δ13 CDIC。测试数据表明连续流GasbenchⅡ-IRMS得到较好的准确度及较高的精密度。δD精密度好于1.05‰,δ18 O精密度好于0.15‰,δ13 CDIC精密度均好于0.12‰。本研究为水中δD、δ18 O和δ13 CDIC分析的测试技术选取提供了一定的参考,保证δD、δ18 O和δ13 CDIC结果的可靠性和准确性。     

辐射亮温TBB在强对流天气预报中的应用

本文通过对2001年4月19日贵阳机场雷雨大风雹天气过程的TBB分析，概略地阐述TBB在贵阳机场强对流天气预报中的应用。     

综合物探方法在确定矿山采空区中的应用

矿山地区地表起伏大,利用传统的勘探方法确定地下采空区将耗费大量的人力和物力,采用综合物探方法、手段会起到事半功倍的效果。本文介绍了在鞍山矿区利用地质雷达法、瞬变电磁法、浅震反射波法、瞬态瑞雷波法来确定地下采空区。以便减少它们造成的地质灾害。     

GIS网络分析的动态分段方法与实现

动态分段技术是GIS网络分析中的一种重要的技术手段，它可以有效解决基于线性特征的动态分析问题。该文探讨了动态分段技术的基本原理和思想，并提出一套基于链—动态结点模型的动态分段模型及其实现方法。该模型结构简单，容易实现，并在实际应用中取得了良好的实用效果。     

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF SUMMER TROPICAL CYCLONE REMOTE PRECIPITATION EVENTS IN EAST ASIA FROM 2000 TO 2009 AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION

Using 1°×1° final analysis(FNL) data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP),precipitation data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) and the best-track tropical cyclone(TC)dataset provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) for June-August of 2000-2009, we comprehensively consider the two factors low-level moisture channel and interaction between TCs and mid-latitude systems and implement a statistical analysis of remote precipitation in East Asia to the north of 0° and to the west of 150° E. 48 cases of remote precipitation occurred in this period, which are categorized into five classes. After a composite analysis of the different classes, the main systems at 850 h Pa and 500 h Pa that impact the remote precipitation are as follows:TC, mid-latitude trough, subtropical high and water vapor channel. In particular, the water vapor channel which usually connects with Indian monsoon has the most significant impact on remote heavy rainfall. Another important factor is the mid-latitude trough. The type of north trough/vortex-south TC remote precipitation events happen most frequently,accounting for 68.8% of the total incidence. Most remote precipitation events occur on the right side of the TC path(representing 71% of the total number). At 200 h Pa, the remote precipitation events usually occur on the right rear portion of a high-altitude jet stream, and there is an anti-cyclonic vortex to the east and west of the TCs. When there is no anti-cyclonic vortex to the east of the TC, the TC is relatively weak. When the remote precipitation occurs to the northwest of the TC and there is a trough in the northwest direction, the TC is relatively strong. Numerical experiments are carried out using Weather Research and Forecast(WRF) model. The results shows that the TC plays a main role in producing the heavy precipitation and results in the enhancement of precipitation by impacting the water vapor channel.