伊犁盆地油气与地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿关系研究

伊犁盆地南缘中、下侏罗统水西沟群产有数个可地浸的砂岩型铀矿床。前人对这些铀矿床的成因认识基本上都是层间氧化带成因观点,但对铀矿化的富集机理研究不够深入,普遍认为铀成矿富集机理是含矿层沉积时堆积的有机质及沉积成岩阶段形成的硫化物对层间渗入氧化水中铀的还原吸附作用。油气包裹体及其气相色谱特征研究表明,盆地至少发育过一期石油和一期天然气运移、聚集过程;铀矿床含矿砂岩中的油气来源于深部二叠纪或更老地层的较成熟的烃源层。油气一方面消耗了含矿含水层中的大量氧气,造就了含矿层较强的还原环境;另一方面也参与了铀成矿过程的氧化还原反应,加速了铀还原、沉淀、富集成矿的速度。结合盆地断裂构造研究,本文推断深部油气主要沿近EW向东曼里塔勒迪深大断裂和NWW—SEE向霍城托开深大断裂向上运移,造成断裂附近形成较强的还原障,进而控制了盆地砂岩型铀矿床(点)的空间分布。     

基于以太网的射电天文制冷接收机的监视系统

制冷接收机是射电望远镜的核心设备,它是否正常工作直接决定望远镜观测的效果。制冷接收机的制冷温度和杜瓦真空度是反映接收机是否正常工作的最重要、最直接的指标之一。因此实现制冷接收机制冷温度和杜瓦真空度的远程实时监控,及时了解接收机是否正常工作对保证射电望远镜正常运行、提高观测效率有重要意义。为乌鲁木齐天文站25m射电望远镜1.3cm制冷接收机研制的一套基于单片机和以太网的数据采集和数据传输的远程监视系统,实现了制冷接收机制冷温度和杜瓦真空度的远程实时监控。该系统采用了美国ATMEL公司生产的8位单片机AVR ATmega16、Microchip Technology公司生产的ENC28J60以及MAXIM公司生产的MAX7219,实现对射电天文制冷接收机制冷温度和杜瓦真空度的数据采集,并利用以太网传输数据实现了远程实时监控接收机的制冷状态。阐述了以太网数据采集及远程监控电路的设计原理及其实现方法。该系统首次在国内大型射电望远镜上实现了对制冷接收机工作状态的远程实时监控,对于保证乌鲁木齐天文站25m射电望远镜1.3cm波段的观测效果有重要作用。     

Runoff Variation Law and Its Response to Climate Change in the Headstream Area of the Keriya River Basin,Xinjiang

Based on the runoff and meteorological data of Langan(兰干) Hydrological Station from 1957 to 2009 in Keriya(克里雅) River,the periodicities,abrupt changes,and trends of climate factors and runoff were investigated by wavelet analysis and nonparametric test;then,the future change of the annual runoff was predicted by a periodic trend superposition model.In succession,the influencing volumes of climate change on the annual runoff were separated from the observation values of the an-nual runoff in Keriya River.The...     

阿尔金断裂乌尊硝段的现今活动速率

利用GPS和水准观测资料 ,对阿尔金断裂的现今活动速率进行研究。阿尔金断裂西段的活动水平普遍高于东段 ,水平分量存在自西往东减弱的趋势。乌尊硝段左旋走滑的断错地貌极为发育。GPS测量表明乌尊硝段断裂相对左旋运动 ,目前最大的走滑速率是 (9± 5 )mm/a ,和东段安南坝附近的观测结果一致。水准测量反映断裂附近并无明显抬升 ,垂直断裂的最大水平缩短速率在 (3± 1)mm/a以下 ,说明阿尔金断裂现今仍以水平运动为主     

塔里木板块巴楚隆起区寒武系盐下勘探潜力分析

巴楚隆起区主体部位的寒武系多为典型浅水局限台地蒸发相、潟湖相沉积,因此不存在与柯坪地块露头区玉尔吐斯组类似的黑色优质烃源岩,仅为含石膏泥质白云岩或白云质泥岩型烃源岩。生烃和排烃过程发生于加里东晚期—海西晚期,储层以微晶白云岩为主,残余颗粒白云岩次之。理想勘探区块位于潟湖边缘斜坡带及后期构造作用较强的断裂带,下部烃源岩与下—中寒武统盐岩—石膏层构成良好的储—盖组合,具备油气成藏基本条件。以巴什托—先巴扎构造带与康塔库木构造带、古董山构造带—卡拉沙依构造带北段间夹区块、和田1井构造带最具优势勘探潜力。     

新疆吉木萨尔大龙口非海相二叠系—三叠系界线层段古地磁特征

通过对吉木萨尔县大龙口非海相二叠系-三叠系界线上下地层磁性特征的研究,在梧桐沟组-锅底坑组共发现78个极性异常,其中以负极性为主,间隔了一系列的正极性和过渡极性.梧桐沟组上部以负极性为主,间隔了2个正极性和过渡极性.这可与巴基斯坦盐岭和四川广元上寺的大隆组下部对比,即相当于Da段.梧桐沟组顶部和锅底坑组底部,正、负极性变化频繁,极性特征可与巴基斯坦盐岭和四川广元上寺大隆组中部对比,即相当于Db段.锅底坑组下部以负极性为主,间隔了2个正极性段,可与四川广元上寺大隆组中上部对比,即相当于Dc段.锅底坑组中下部以负极性为主,上部夹1个正极性段,可与四川广元上寺大隆组上部磁性特征对比,即相当于Dd段.锅底坑组中上部以负极性为主,间隔了4个正极性段,可与四川广元上寺飞仙关组下部对比,即相当于Fa段.根据磁性段的划分对比,将二叠系三叠系界线置于Fa和Dd之间,即本次研究测制剖面的41层和42层之间.根据各岩组的古地磁特征求得岩组形成时的古地磁极:梧桐沟组79.1°N,238.1°;锅底坑组72.3°N,322.2°;下三叠统77.5°N,320.8°.古纬度基本一致,为32°～35°N.     

定点形变观测契氏预估法的应用

用定点形变观测的契氏预估方法对新疆9个地倾斜台的观测资料进行了外推预估计算。结果表明,契氏多项式拟合预估方法在新疆应用效果尚好。     

Seismic Risk Region Determination by Information Entropy

During the preparation process of a great earthquake, there are certain patterns of less randomness but more order in the space-time distribution of micro-earthquakes, which had been proved by seismic events and experiments. The information entropy concerning the dimension of the order in seismic distribution is systematically defined from the point of modern statistical physics in this paper. Relations of dynamic variations of information entropy with a strong shock occurrence time and the distribution of information with a strong shock occurrence place were approached through seismic data from the Wuqia, Xikar, Wushi, and Manasi regions in Xinjiang. It is indicated that before strong earthquakes, the value of information entropy often noticeably drops in seismic region, and generally much lower in the epicentral area than the surrounding regions. These two characters are of important significance in strong shock risk region determination and large shock tendency prediction.     

The Study of Medium- and Short-term Prediction for Artux Earthquake (M_S=6.9) and Usunan Earthquake (M_S=5.8)

In this paper, the process of medium- and short-term prediction (submitted in special cards) of the Artux earthquake (MS=6.9) and the Usurian earthquake (MS=5.8) in Xinjiang area, is introduced. The imminent seismic risk regions are judged based on long- and medium-term seismic risk regions and annual seismic risk regions determined by national seismologic analysis, combined with large seismic situation analysis. We trace and analyze the seismic situation in large areas, and judge principal risk regions or belts of seismic activity in a year, by integrating the large area's seismicity with geodetic deformation evolutional characteristics. As much as possible using information, we study synthetically observational information for long-medium- and short-term (time domain) and large-medium -small dimensions (space domain), and approach the forecast region of forthcoming earthquakes from the large to small magnitude. A better effect has been obtained. Some questions about earthquake prediction are discussed.     

新疆准噶尔盆地边缘部分地段生态环境特征

新疆准噶尔盆地边缘部分地段降水少，蒸发量大，干旱多风，土壤肥力低和盐碱化较强，自然条件比较恶劣。但不同地貌单元自然条件又不尽相同，特别是土壤质地、盐分和养分的差异，导致植物群落发生相应变化。在水资源严重匮乏的情况下，植被整体呈现出群落组成简单、优势度高、多样性和覆盖度较低等特征。它们所构成的生态环境非常脆弱，敏感性很高，在水土开发和重大工程建设时必须充分注意这些特点。