Period–colour and amplitude–colour relations in classical Cepheid variables – V. The Small Magellanic Cloud Cepheid models

Period–colour (PC) and amplitude–colour (AC) relations at maximum, mean and minimum light are constructed from a large grid of full amplitude hydrodynamic models of Cepheids with a composition appropriate for the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We compare these theoretical relations with those from observations. The theoretical relations are, in general, in good agreement with their observational counterparts, though there exist some discrepancy for short period  (log [ P ] < 1)  Cepheids. We outline a physical mechanism which can, in principle, be one factor to explain the observed PC/AC relations for the long and short period Cepheids in the Galaxy, Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and SMC. Our explanation relies on the hydrogen ionization front (HIF)–photosphere interaction and the way this interaction changes with pulsation period, pulsation phase and metallicity. Since the PC relation is connected with the period–luminosity (PL) relation, it is postulated that such a mechanism can also explain the observed properties of the PL relation in these three galaxies.     

对"地幔对流"的几点质疑

地幔对流被认为是板块运动的驱动力源，但板块说提出35年来，始终未能阐明地幔对流是如何推动板块运动的，也未能证明地幔对流的存在。相反，却有观测与实物证据证明地幔对流并不存在。对地幔对流提出的质疑与剖析，将有助于地球动力学研究思路的扩展。     

肾外伤的CT诊断

２０例肾外伤病人ＣＴ将其分为三型。轻型：肾挫伤,肾内血肿;中型：肾撕裂伤;重型：肾完全性断裂或粉碎。ＣＴ检查的优点为完全,迅速、能准确显示腹部解剖,肾外伤程度及腹部合并伤,为临床诊治提供可靠信息,ＣＴ诊断效果优于ＩＶＰ及ＶＳ。     

A locally-constrained YOLO framework for detecting small and densely-distributed building footprints

ABSTRACT

Building footprints are among the most predominant features in urban areas, and provide valuable information for urban planning, solar energy suitability analysis, etc. We aim to automatically and rapidly identify building footprints by leveraging deep learning techniques and the increased availability of remote sensing datasets at high spatial resolution. The task is computationally challenging due to the use of large training datasets and large number of parameters. In related work, You-Only-Look-Once (YOLO) is a state-of-the-art deep learning framework for object detection. However, YOLO is limited in its capacity to identify small objects that appear in groups, which is the case for building footprints. We propose a LOcally-COnstrained (LOCO) You-Only-Look-Once framework to detect small and densely-distributed building footprints. LOCO is a variant of YOLO. Its layer architecture is determined by the spatial characteristics of building footprints and it uses a constrained regression modeling to improve the robustness of building size predictions. We also present an invariant augmentation based voting scheme to further improve the precision in the prediction phase. Experiments show that LOCO can greatly improve the solution quality of building detection compared to related work.     

利用小波变换方法分析跨断层形变异常

为了从跨断层形变观测资料中获取中强地震的前兆异常信息，运用二进小波变换方法和噪声与信号的定量识别方法，分析了不同尺度的小波变换的细节信号变化特征。研究结果表明：(1)不同尺度小波变换分解的细节信号显示出不同的时变特征。当尺度为1时。细节信号主要为噪声；尺度为2、4、5时，细节信号主要为非平稳信号；尺度为3时，细节信号主要为平稳周期信号；(2)每月观测一次的跨断层形变资料在尺度为3时的细节信号有较好的年周期特征；(3)当尺度为3时的细节信号变化超出2倍均方误差时，测点周围200km左右范围内发生中强地震的可能性很大。     

对西冶、五胜流动短水准异常的分析探讨

对西冶、五胜流动短水准观测资料进行了分析和异常成因的探讨。认为1998年9月至2000年6月出现的异常变化，是1998年降雨量增大导致断层之间摩擦力减少，在区域应力背景增强的情况下出现的断层蠕滑活动，而不是环境、降雨、地下水位等干扰因素引起的水准点标志升降。     

小波分析方法在形变数字化资料处理中的应用

基于小波变换理论，提出了应用小波分析方法识别、消除数字化资料的干扰，提取不同频率信息的方法。结合实例，讨论了小波分析方法在识别与分离不同频率信息、提取趋势异常与短期异常等方面的应用。研究表明，小波变换是形变数字化资料分析处理的一种有效方法。     

基于三次B样条函数的非线性PLSR分析及其在泉流量预测中的应用

地下水系统内部及其外界环境中的各种要素之间往往存在复杂的多重共线性和非线性,这是在建立统计模型时遇到的2个主要难点。介绍了基于三次B样条函数的非线性偏最小二乘建模方法和进行非线性结构分析的原理,分析了存在变量相关性的条件下该原理的适用性,并将其应用于黑龙洞泉流量的预测分析中。应用结果表明:模型拟合阶段平均误差7.6%,检验阶段平均误差11.2%,该方法能有效地处理建模过程中的多重共线性和非线性问题,并可进行非线性结构分析。     

高邮台地电阻率日均值分析

应用地电学的差分能量法，对高邮台地电阻率日均值进行处理分析。结果表明，差分能量法对抑制较长周期变化、突出异常信息十分有效，特别对突升、突降急剧变化的短临异常有着明显的指标反应。这可能反映了地壳介质应力变化过程中较高频的扰动。在观测系统和观测环境正常的情况下，若用差分能量法处理的ρa日均值出现一阶差分能量的对数大于零，应视为震兆异常。     

Period-luminosity relations for Cepheid variables: from mid-infrared to multi-phase

This paper discusses two aspects of current research on the Cepheid period-luminosity (P-L) relation: the derivation of mid-infrared (MIR) P-L relations and the investigation of multi-phase P-L relations.