The Magnetic Field Effect on Planetary Nebulae

In our previous work on the 3-dimensional dynamical structure of planetary nebulae the effect of magnetic field was not considered. Recently Jordan et al. have directly detected magnetic fields in the central stars of some planetary nebulae. This discovery supports the hypothesis that the non-spherical shape of most planetary nebulae is caused by magnetic fields in AGB stars. In this study we focus on the role of initially weak toroidal magnetic fields embedded in a stellar wind in altering the shape of the PN. We found that magnetic pressure is probably influential on the observed shape of most PNe.     

The Application of 3D Visible Technology to Reservoir Management

1ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＥａｒｔｈｖｉｓｉｏｎｓｏｆｔｗａｒｅｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｆｒｏｍＵ .Ｓ .ＤＧＩｃｏｍｐａｎｙｃａｎｐｌａｙａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｐａｒｔｉｎｂｏｔｈｓｐａｔｉａｌｇｅｏ ｌｏｇｉｃｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇａｎｄｃｏｍｐｉｌｉｎｇｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｍａｐｓ .Ｏｎｔｈｅｂａ ｓｉｓｏｆｒｅａｌｉｚｉｎｇｓａｎｄｂｏｄｙｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇａｎｄｄａｔａｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅｂｅ ｔｗｅｅｎＤａｑｉｎｇｂｌａｃｋ -ｏｉｌａｎｄＥａｒｔｈｖｉｓｉｏｎ ,ｔｈｅＦａｃｉｅｓｔｒａｃｔｍｏｄｅｌｈａｓ…     

波峰回归法电阻率反演

本文用波峰回归估计量解决水平成层大地模型视电阻率曲线的直接解释问题。此波峰回归估计量比过去论文中提倡的广义线性变换估计量要稳定。如果问题是近乎奇异的,那末广义线性变换法是不稳定的。分析了评价计算出的参数的标准偏差问题。在某些成层模型中,协方差矩阵是     

盐水-盐平衡的热力学I.25℃时 NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-CaCl_2-H_2O 和 NaCl-MgSO_4-H_2O 体系

发展了一种浓盐水的热力学模型。该模型能够预示在25℃和1大气压下许多普通蒸发盐矿物在氯化物——硫酸盐水中的溶解度。该模型假定,在含水电解质混合物中平均化学计算的离子活度系数的行为,可用 Scatchard 偏离函数以及 Harned定律来描述。在含有一种盐和水的溶液中,其活度系数可用下式表示:logγ_±=-|z_ z_-|AI~(1/2)/( a°BI~(1/2)) 2(V_ V_-/V)(?)I,式中 a°和(?)得自数据回归的盐特殊参数。在几种电解质和水的混合物中,第 i 种组份的(?)可用下式求得:(?)=(?) ∑_(aijyj) j=1,n j≠i,式中 aij 是表示组份 i 和组份 j 相互作用的恒定混合参数,yj 是第 j 组份的离子强度分数。水的活度系数由 Gibbs-Duhem 积分式求得。而且不需要任何附加的参数和假设。在本论文中,求取了 NaCl-KCl-MgCl_2-CaCl_2-H_2O 和 NaCl-MgSO_4-H_2O 体系在25℃和大气压条件下的参数。这些体系中算得的溶解度曲线和预示的不变点溶液组成均与实验数据很一致。此模型具有灵活性,并容易推广到其他体系和更高的温度。     

尼泊尔及南侧邻区元古宙以来的构造-沉积演化

迄今,尼泊尔及其南侧邻区元古宙以来的构造-沉积演化尚缺乏系统性研究.为了促进区域地质认识,结合前人研究成果及新的研究发现,对尼泊尔低喜马拉雅带及以南的构造-沉积演化首次进行系统性总结与讨论.结果表明:尼泊尔低喜马拉雅带及以南与印度地盾北缘在地质历史中的构造-沉积演化息息相关,且自元古宙以来,发育了被动大陆边缘→陆内裂谷→被动大陆边缘→前陆盆地等不同构造演化阶段的沉积响应;尼泊尔西部的Dailekh群属于~1.8 Ga以前或前哥伦比亚超大陆之前的被动大陆边缘沉积;Vindhyan超群为下断上坳的陆内裂谷沉积,尼泊尔境内的Lakharpata群相当于下Vindhyan群;Gondwana超大陆裂解导致由北往南形成一系列初始发育时间越来越晚的裂谷盆地;Surkhet群至Siwalik群为被动大陆边缘至前陆盆地沉积,其中,Surkhet群Swat/Subathu组是喜马拉雅南侧地质历史上最后一套海相沉积地层,也是被动大陆边缘向前陆盆地转换期的沉积响应;Siwalik群大规模的磨拉石建造标志着喜马拉雅快速和大幅度隆升,该群沉积成岩后,印度-欧亚板块进一步的挤压作用导致了地质历史上迄今为止最后一次强烈的构造运动,形成MFT与Siwalik褶皱带,并奠定了喜马拉雅带现今构造格局.      

Bayesian geological and geophysical data fusion for the construction and uncertainty quantification of 3D geological models

Traditional approaches to develop 3D geological models employ a mix of quantitative and qualitative scientific techniques,which do not fully provide quantification of uncertainty in the constructed models and fail to optimally weight geological field observations against constraints from geophysical data.Here,using the Bayesian Obsidian software package,we develop a methodology to fuse lithostratigraphic field observations with aeromagnetic and gravity data to build a 3D model in a small(13.5 km×13.5 km)region of the Gascoyne Province,Western Australia.Our approach is validated by comparing 3D model results to independently-constrained geological maps and cross-sections produced by the Geological Survey of Western Australia.By fusing geological field data with aeromagnetic and gravity surveys,we show that 89%of the modelled region has>95%certainty for a particular geological unit for the given model and data.The boundaries between geological units are characterized by narrow regions with<95%certainty,which are typically 400-1000 m wide at the Earth's surface and 500-2000 m wide at depth.Beyond~4 km depth,the model requires geophysical survey data with longer wavelengths(e.g.,active seismic)to constrain the deeper subsurface.Although Obsidian was originally built for sedimentary basin problems,there is reasonable applicability to deformed terranes such as the Gascoyne Province.Ultimately,modification of the Bayesian engine to incorporate structural data will aid in developing more robust 3D models.Nevertheless,our results show that surface geological observations fused with geophysical survey data can yield reasonable 3D geological models with narrow uncertainty regions at the surface and shallow subsurface,which will be especially valuable for mineral exploration and the development of 3D geological models under cover.     

Modeling the X-Ray Timing Properties of Cygnus X-1 Caused by Waves Propagating in a Transition Disk

We found a subsystem of globular clusters in M31 that appears to have a formation history separate from the rest. The member clusters of this subsystem, identified from their distinct distribution in the metallicity-distance diagram, (1) have a common medium metallicity range of -0.9<&sqbl0;Fe&solm0;H&sqbr0;<-0.4, (2) have a line-of-sight velocity distribution with no significant projected rotational motion, and (3) are populated outside the inner subsystem of globular clusters of similar metallicity that shows a significant net rotational motion as a whole. We suggest that this subsystem of globular clusters was formed during a merging event of a dwarf galaxy that took place well after the initial collapse event when most of the globular clusters in M31 were formed.     

Efficient gusA Transient Expression in Porphyra yezoensis Protoplasts Mediated by Endogenous Beta-tubulin Flanking Sequences

1 Introduction Porphyra yezoensis is one of the most widely con-sumed and cultivated seaweeds in the world. Over the past decades, much effort has been made in improving the cultured stocks and developing breeding techniques of alga. At present, nuclear transformation systems of eu-karyotic algae such as green unicellular alga Chlamydo-monas reinhardii (Rochaix and Dillewijn, 1982), diatom Phseodactylum tricornutum (Lioudmila et al., 2000) and simple multicellular green alga Volvox carteri (…