中国绿色旅游基地适宜性综合评价

绿色旅游主要指以游览原生态自然山水获得身心愉悦的旅游。以多源地理信息数据为基础,基于GIS空间技术,通过综合分析绿色旅游资源、现状和潜力,对国家绿色旅游资源进行空间探索性分析,从而为国家绿色旅游基地建设、适宜性评价和基地选址提供参考。结果表明：① 中国绿色旅游发展适宜区域整体呈现出分片聚集状态,各片区中很适宜和适宜地区在空间上呈交叉分布。② 中部低纬度地区,绿色旅游资源基础、现状和潜力均较好;西部地区资源分布零散,发展现状和潜力相对薄弱,但区域特色优势显著,适宜依托区域特色进行深度开发。东北山脉地区的绿色旅游已达到一定规模,应提升旅游品质,扩大影响力;其他地区因气候、地形等因素,较难发展绿色旅游产业。     

基于结构方程模型的宁波城市居民休闲满意度研究

休闲满意度研究对于提升城市居民美好生活质量具有重要意义。采用Beard等编制的休闲满意度量表,以问卷调查数据为基础,通过构建结构方程模型对浙江省宁波城市居民休闲满意度进行了研究。结果表明：①宁波城市居民对休闲带来的放松体验最满意,教育功能和审美体验次之,身体和心理满意度相对较低,而社会满意度最低。②审美满意度、身体满意度和心理满意度对宁波城市居民休闲总体满意度具有显著影响,其中,审美满意度的影响程度最大,其次为心理满意度和身体满意度,而放松、社交以及教育满意度对休闲总体满意度具有显著影响的研究假设未获支持。③构建的宁波城市居民休闲满意度结构方程模型具有跨样本稳定性特征。研究结果可为提升宁波城市居民休闲满意度提供理论依据。     

山东省绿色发展水平绩效评价与驱动机制——基于17地市面板数据

构建绿色发展评价指标体系,并利用熵值法、全局莫兰指数、GWR模型等多种计量方法对2005~2016年山东省17地级市绿色发展水平时空分异特征与驱动机制进行了综合研究,结果表明：① 山东省绿色发展“自上而下”指令性特征比较突出,且依赖于物质消耗型规模增长,势必忽视经济要素横向转移反馈作用与产业集群效应;② 山东省绿色发展水平逐年递增,俱乐部收敛特征较为突出,但其年均增长率仅为1.77%反映了产业轻型化与清型化进程缓慢,绿色发展质量提升之路漫长而艰巨;③ 山东省绿色发展经历了空间依存关系不明显到明显的过程,且绿色发展水平存在明显的空间分异态势,两极化发展特征较为明显;④ 加入空间效应的空间加权回归模型更具有解释力,人均GDP、万人R&D人员数、人均固定资产投资等对于绿色发展水平的优化提升起到正向促进作用,第二产业增加值/第三产业增加值对于绿色发展回归系数呈现负相关,实际利用外资对于绿色发展回归系数有正有负。     

Effect of Wetland Reclamation on Soil Organic Carbon Stability in Peat Mire Soil Around Xingkai Lake in Northeast China

Content and density of soil organic carbon(SOC) and labile and stable SOC fractions in peat mire soil in wetland, soybean field and rice paddy field reclaimed from the wetland around Xingkai Lake in Northeast China were studied. Studies were designed to investigate the impact of reclamation of wetland for soybean and rice farming on stability of SOC. After reclamation, SOC content and density in the top 0–30 cm soil layer decreased, and SOC content and density in soybean field were higher than that in paddy field. Content and density of labile SOC fractions also decreased, and density of labile SOC fractions and their ratios with SOC in soybean field were lower than that observed in paddy field. In the 0–30 cm soil layer, densities of labile SOC fractions, namely, dissolved organic carbon(DOC), microbial biomass carbon(MBC), readily oxidized carbon(ROC) and readily mineralized carbon(RMC), in both soybean field and paddy field were all found to be lower than those in wetland by 34.00% and 13.83%, 51.74% and 35.13%, 62.24% and 59.00%, and 64.24% and 17.86%, respectively. After reclamation, SOC density of micro-aggregates( 0.25 mm) as a stable SOC fraction and its ratio with SOC in 0–5, 5–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm soil layers increased. SOC density of micro-aggregates in the 0–30 cm soil layer in soybean field was 50.83% higher than that in paddy field. Due to reclamation, SOC density and labile SOC fraction density decreased, but after reclamation, most SOC was stored in a more complex and stable form. Soybean farming is more friendly for sustainable SOC residence in the soils than rice farming.     

生物集群相似性系数分析的适用性探讨

相似性系数的选择可能会影响生物集群间的β多样性分析。Bray-Curtis相似性系数是目前使用最广的系数之一,还有一些研究使用了欧氏距离等系数。通过非度量多维标度的结果直观对比了两个相似性系数在处理生物数据时的结果,以便了解两个系数的差异。分析结果表明,Bray-Curtis相似性系数比欧氏距离更适合处理包含很多零值的生物数据。生物数据中的零值与环境数据中的不同,不应该影响集群间相似性的计算。如果遇到完全没有生物的集群,可以选用零调整的Bray-Curtis系数,或者剔除此类集群后再计算Bray-Curtis相似性系数。一些研究忽略了相似性系数的差异,在比较和分析多元分析结果时应该慎重,以免在生态环境评价时被误导。     

Research in migration route of hatchery released Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) in the Bohai Bay using method of SSR marker

This study provides new insights for the hatchery released Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis), including proportion, dynamic migration route, after they were released into nature for stock enhancement using a new strategy quite different than ever. Chinese shrimp were sampled at 22 survey stations during two investigation voyages acrossing 74 survey stations in the Bohai Sea from July 16 to August 9 in 2015. Among 289 sampled individuals during the second voyage, totally 155 shrimps were identified as hatchery shrimp released into the Laizhou Bay at mid-May in 2015 based on finger-print of eight SSR (simple sequence repeats) markers, and the proportion of hatchery released shrimp in recapture samples were from 41.30%–85.71% in each station with an average value 53.63%, which verified a previous view point that up to 90% of autumn season Chinese shrimp landing in the Bohai Sea were composed of hatchery released. Meanwhile, the dynamic migration route of hatchery released shrimp revealed that part of released shrimp migrated heading northwest along the west coast of the Bohai Sea up to the Bohai Bay but just remained at the Laizhou Bay until over-wintering migration at mid-October when they initiate over-wintering migration. Present unnatural spring season shrimp fishing model cut the throat of spawner shrimp chance to swim back to their respective spawning plants at each spring, it still no chance to clarify whether the hatchery released shrimp could replenish to the reproduce population and complete a whole life cycle as same as their natural relatives.     

音频大地电磁测深在成矿规律研究中的应用

为研究长江中下游地区的成矿规律和地下中浅部精细的电性信息,使用美国EMI公司生产的EH4音频大电磁测深仪,在安徽泥河示范矿区周围及地下中部进行勘探工作,使用非线性共轭梯度方法进行资料反演工作,获得较好结果.经过钻井验证,地电剖面圈定的异常、层位与地下矿体、层界面对应良好,误差小,揭示了成矿位置以及矿体周围的电性结构,为...     

基于卫星通信的海洋气象数据采集系统设计

根据我国海洋综合气象监测装备建设网点不继扩大和加密的现状,依靠现有的卫星通信网络,利用其覆盖范围广、通信稳定、实时在线和维持经费等优势,设计一种基于卫星通信网络的海洋气象数据采集系统.介绍该系统的数据采集结构和功能,智能处理终端的硬件组成,硬件电路芯片选型与使用;介绍系统软件的控制和编制方法,简述在可视化编程语言Microsoft Visual Studi0 6.0集成包环境下开发海洋气象数据采集系统软件的步骤;讨论基于我国北斗卫星通信网络的海洋气象数据采集系统的实际应用情况.     

台风“灿鸿”、“莲花”和“浪卡”共存期间路径、强度及相互作用分析

利用NCEP1°×1°再分析资料,对2015年7月西太平洋洋面上台风"莲花""灿鸿""浪卡"三者共存期间的路径特征、强度变化及相互作用进行了分析。结果表明:1)台风"莲花"与"灿鸿"发生互旋,导致强度较弱的"莲花"路径发生逆时针转向;"灿鸿"与"浪卡"发生明显的相互作用。2)"莲花"的低层水汽通道在互旋过程中被"灿鸿"夺走,后者产生反馈气流补充前者;"浪卡"与"灿鸿"在对流层高层通过水汽"连体"通道进行水汽交换。3)与"莲花"互旋过程中"灿鸿"产生的反馈气流远比相互作用过程中"浪卡"对"灿鸿"的补充气流强,因此相互作用过程结束后"莲花"暖心与涡度继续维持,而"灿鸿"迅速衰弱。4)两个台风相互作用过程的水汽"连体"通道高度不同,台风"莲花"与"灿鸿"相互作用位于对流层低层,而台风"灿鸿"与"浪卡"相互作用发生在对流层高层。     

基于SPEI的1961—2015年淮北地区干旱时空分布特征

基于标准化降水蒸散指数（SPEI）,利用淮北地区108个气象站逐月气温、降水观测资料,采用线性趋势、M K突变检验等方法,从不同时间尺度（年、季）和干旱程度（轻旱、中旱、重旱和特旱）分析了淮北地区1961—2015年干旱频率和时空变化特征。结果表明：淮北地区1961—2015年总体呈干旱略加强趋势,其中1998—2001年干旱发生最频繁,干旱强度、极端干旱及中等干旱的频次均呈增加趋势。2011年淮北地区干旱程度发生了突变性增强;20世纪90年代起淮北地区夏季经历了先湿后干的转变,2013年是夏季转向干旱化的突变点。秋冬两季是淮北地区发生干旱频率较高的季节。秋季干旱分布广、旱情最为严重,淮北地区北部是秋季干旱的高发区;冬季发生中旱以上干旱的地区分布较广,主要位于淮北地区内的安徽片西部和江苏片中部。春夏季发生高频率干旱的区域相对较小。