TTI介质相速度理论研究

依据三维TTI介质的相速度表达式,模拟并分析了三维TTI介质相速度图像。并且考查了不同的各向异性系数对TTI介质相速度的影响,为三维的TTI介质相速度的分析提供了理论依据,具有一定的实际应用价值。     

地震动促进石油运移的一种模式及其发生边界

天然和人工地震动使地下孔隙流体瞬时产生相对于地层介质的加速运动趋势,即产生了作用于流体的瞬时冲力。在不考虑质量扩散力条件下,本文以岩石孔喉结构理想模型和充填其中的石油受力分析为基础,对水平、垂向两地震动作用方向上,促进石油运移时的油柱长度、孔隙、喉道等边界条件进行了分析,并考虑了静水常压和异常压力两种地层状态下的情况。研究表明,在无裂缝作为运移通道的条件下,地震动作用可以使油柱在岩石破裂前,突破一定岩石孔隙结构的喉道发生运移。对该地震动促进石油运移模式的边界条件分析认为,小孔喉比值、大半径孔隙和连续一定长度的油柱利于油柱突破喉道运移的发生,油柱在水平向地震动作用于静水常压地层、垂向地震动作用于静水常压地层、水平向地震动作用于低过剩压力梯度地层、垂向地震动作用于高过剩压力梯度地层等4种情况下,地震动促使运移发生的难度依次降低。     

Paleoceanographic Indicators for Early Cambrian Black Shales from the Yangtze Platform,South China: Evidence from Biomarkers and Carbon Isotopes

The lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation, a widespread black shale deposition, is of geological interest because of its polymetallic beds, Cambrian explosion, depositional ages, dramatic environmental changes and so on. Previous study focused mainly on inorganic geochemistry and few studies have investigated the organic fractions of upper Neoproterozoic-lower Cambrian strata in South China. Here we report a study of biomarkers plus organic carbon isotopes for black shales from Ganziping, Hunan Province (China). All the saturated hydrocarbon fractions have a unimodal distribution of n-alkanes, a high content of short-chain alkanes and maximize at C 19 or C 20 (C 23 for sample Gzh00-1). The C 27 /C 29 sterane ratio ranges from 0.77 to 1.20 and 4-methylsteranes are in low abundance. These parameters indicate that algae and bacteria are the important primary producers. Furthermore, biomarker maturity proxies show the samples to be higher maturity. The low Pr/Ph values (<0.7) suggest that the samples were deposited under anoxic conditions and, likely, under stratified water columns. In addition, 25-norhopanes and gammacerane are present as diagnostic indicators of normal marine salinity and dysoxic to anoxic conditions. During the Early Tommotian, known to coincide with a transgression event, small shelly fossils increased in abundance and diversity. Moreover, positive δ 13 C org excursions close to 1.4‰ occur at the base of the Tommotian stage. In summary, the Early Cambrian black shales were deposited under dramatic paleoenvironmental changes, including oceanic anoxia, higher primary productivity and sea-level rise.     

陆内克拉通盆地层序地层构型及其控制因素

通过总结我国鄂尔多斯盆地和澳大利亚Surat basin这两个典型的陆内克拉通盆地的层序充填序列,认为该类盆地具有典型的层序地层充填模式:(1)典型的正粒序岩性组合特征;(2)基准面旋回为上升半旋回为主的不对称旋回,具有长期持续水进、短期水退旋回特征;(3)层序主要以LST为主,发育相互切割叠置的复合砂体,为最有利储层;TST和HST相对不发育,发育孤立状的单砂体,为中-差储层.陆内克拉通盆地层序地层及其控制的砂体具有溯源退积的时空展布模式,该模式主要受到盆地边缘构造、沉积物供给、湖平面变化、古地形、盆地充填和气候等因素的单独或综合控制.     

应用天文地层学方法对山东昌潍北部新生代不整合时间和剥蚀量的计算及其意义

为进一步推动山东昌潍北部地区的新生代油气勘探,应用潍北、牛头镇和侯镇等3个凹陷9个层段的天文地层年龄分析,计算出新生代不整合时间和剥蚀量。天文地层学计算方法主要包括:地层分层,测井频谱分析,寻找40万年周期和旋回的对比。得到结果:孔三段-孔二段界线的年龄为61.819Ma,孔二段-孔一段界线的年龄为54.638Ma,孔一段-沙四下亚段界线的年龄为48.448Ma,沙四下-沙四上亚段界线的年龄为43.516Ma,沙四上亚段顶的年龄为40.362Ma,馆陶组-明化镇组界线的年龄大约为35.778—31.896Ma。通过剥蚀的时间和沉积环境的分析提出如下观点:1)大约在48.448Ma以前,昌潍坳陷北部的沉积是全盆地的、稳定的,其中包括:约长达4Myr期间孔三段断断续续出现玄武岩喷发,大约7Myr时间内孔二段出现沼泽和浅湖相的沉积,约6Myr时间内孔一段主要为干旱相的小水塘、水坑"红色"沉积;2)从沙河街组开始(48.448Ma)至东营组末(23.03Ma)期间,也即大约25Myr期间,潍北的昌参1、昌1等井的中心部位,仍然是不断下陷、沉积;3)馆陶组沉积期间(大约23.03—13Ma)盆地全区上升。因此在大约10Myr的剥蚀时间过程中,不仅没有沉积,而把原沉积的沙三亚段至东营组不断‘反剥’到沙四段下部;4)馆陶组末(大约13Ma)到明化镇组顶(2.588Ma)沉积期间,全区开始以河流泛滥平原相为主的泥岩和泥质粉细砂岩的沉积,形成盖层。根据天文地层方法的剥蚀量计算,潍北凹陷中有3个"反剥高点"。这些"反剥高点"在始新世末至渐新世的沉积和构造上升和剥蚀过程中,可能造成砂岩回弹和孔隙扩张,形成好的储集区。根据计算,最大的"反剥高点"是在昌36—央5—昌8井一带,剥蚀厚度约达1800—3000m,与多年油田勘探取得成果是一致的。     

松辽盆地三肇凹陷葡萄花油层高频层序地层构型分析

应用高分辨率层序地层学理论及其方法技术,依据22口井的钻井岩芯和4256口测井曲线资料,系统分析了松辽盆地三肇凹陷葡萄花油层各级次基准面旋回界面类型及特征,将葡萄花油层划分为2个中期、4个短期、8个超短期旋回层序,建立了以短期旋回层序为框架、超短期旋回层序为对比单元的高分辨率层序地层格架,并提出了三肇凹陷南部葡萄花油层为同沉积构造抬升控制的中部超短期基准面旋回层序向南逐渐减薄、直至缺失的层序地层模式。三肇凹陷由西北(卫星—宋北)→凹陷中心(徐家围子)→向南(肇州):葡萄花油层上部呈砂岩(非地层)退覆型尖灭,即同层砂岩逐渐尖灭为泥岩,上层砂岩尖灭线逐渐北移;葡萄花油层下部呈砂岩(非地层)超覆型尖灭,即同层砂岩逐渐尖灭为泥岩,上层砂岩尖灭线逐渐南移。     

Petroleum Characteristics and Controlling Factors in Lunnan Low Uplift,Tarim Basin

The Lunnan(轮南) low uplift is a complex basin that is situated in northwestern China.This area had undergone a range of tectonic events,and there are multi-production zones and reservoir types.Also,heavy oil,common black oil,volatilization oil,condensate oil and natural gas are approximately under the same stratum pressure grads and geothermal grads.The east Lunnan low uplift is mainly composed of condensate oil and natural gas,the middle part has many types of petroleum and the west part mostly has heavy oi...     

Static Stress Triggering Effects Related with M_s8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake

In this article, firstly, we calculated and analyzed the patterns of Coulomb stress changes induced by a sequence of strong earthquakes that occurred in Songpan (松潘), Sichuan (四川) Province in 1973 and 1976, and discovered that the Ms8.0 Wenchuan (汶川) earthquake of 2008 was epicentered in a relevant Coulomb stress triggering zone. This suggests that the Coulomb stress on the middle and southern segments of the Longmenshan (龙门山) fault zone increased after the Songpan sequence of strong earthquakes, and the st...     

临邑洼陷商741火成岩油藏岩相及储集层研究

本文通过临邑洼陷商７４１典型民岩油藏的解剖,着重在火成岩岩相和储集层研究方面进行了较深入探讨,提出了火成岩相模式及非均质储集层研究方法,并结合临邑洼陷本身在特点提出一套火成岩藏初期勘探评价原则,用以指导同商７４１类似的火成岩油藏的勘探。     

东营凹陷第三系流体物理化学场及其演化特征

东营凹陷第三系为最重要的油气层系旬流体物理化学场及其演化特征：①地温梯度较高（现今地温梯度为３．６℃／１００ｍ）,自凹陷形成以来,地温梯度和大地热流值变化不大;②地层流体压力为中等超压－强超压,在剖面上可划分为静水压力过渡压力带和地质压力带;③地层水主要表现为沉积埋藏水的特点,并经历了沉积作用埋藏与淋滤作用并存和埋藏封闭作用３个演化阶段;④存在着静水压力、过渡压力和地质压力３个流体动力系统,其中过