硅酸盐细菌GY03菌株的絮凝特性

从土壤中筛选分离到一株硅酸盐细菌GY03菌株，对其絮凝特性进行了研究。结果表明，GY03菌株营养要求简单，在生长的同时合成胞外高聚物，具有良好的絮凝性能。GY03菌株所产絮凝物质有88％以上分布在细胞表面，该絮凝剂的絮凝活性随菌体生长量的增加而同步增高，不同金属离子对GY03菌株絮凝活性有影响。实验条件下，1h内GY03菌株所产生的微生物絮凝剂对高岭土悬浮液絮凝率为78％，经放置24h后最高絮凝率可达98％，对制药废水浊度去除率为78．1％～94．7％，COD去除率为48．0％-87．5％，生活污水浊度去除率为85．3％～92．5％，对墨汁溶液的脱色率为53．2％以上。因而认为该菌株是一种很有应用前景的絮凝剂产生菌。     

新桥硫-多金属矿床含硫磁铁矿体地质特征及成因探讨

通过对新桥硫-多金属矿床含硫磁铁矿矿体赋存空间、构造环境、岩矿组合、围岩蚀变等宏观地质特征的研究,并结合微量元素,硫、铅、氢、氧同位素、矿物包体测温等资料综合分析认为:本区成矿物质来源为中深相幔源岩浆或同熔岩浆,进而研究矿床含硫磁铁矿体应属高温热液交代-后期热液叠加改造成因类型。     

伊宁吐拉苏火山盆地金矿成矿构造系统与远景评估

吐拉苏火山盆地金矿成矿构造系统由2种类型的成矿构造组成，一种是火山机构中的高角度塌陷式断裂；另一种是爆发．沉积相中的低角度水压式断裂．阿希金矿受控于弧形塌陷式断裂，其北东段坍塌强度大于南东段，最大张裂空间控制的矿体群向NE侧伏．阿希火山机构东侧的阿恰勒河组下可能隐伏着与西侧对应的高角度弧形塌陷式成矿断裂．爆发．沉积相中硅化岩型金矿受控于水压式断裂，不透水凝灰岩层圈闭富水粗火山碎屑岩层，组成压力仓构造并发生水力压裂作用．由水力压裂作用形成的层控水压式成矿断裂出现的几率，远大于后期由非成矿断裂切割抬升它们出现的几率．构造解析表明吐拉苏火山盆地2类成矿构造控制的金矿具有巨大的地质找矿潜力．     

新疆开展区域农业地质调查的必要性和建议

通过对新疆农业地质资料的研究，指出了当前新疆农业地质研究方面存在的不足，阐述了区域农业地质研究的意义，提出了在新疆进行区域农业地质研究的方向、内容，以及工作部署建议．     

高压下玄武岩浆的不混溶及其对双峰式火山岩的成因意义

我们在温度850～1300℃,压力1.0～3.0GPa和含约2%水的条件下的碱性玄武岩熔融实验产物中发现在高于2.0GPa压力下玄武岩熔融后的淬火产物中存在着两种不同成分的玻璃,其中一种呈褐色,另一种为浅色或无色.玻璃的电子探针分析结果表明,褐色玻璃具有相对高的MgO、FeO和相对低的SiO2、K2O、Na2O含量及Na2O＞K2O的特征.熔体的不混溶间隙与温度无明显关系,但与压力关系密切,即在大于2.0GPa的压力条件下两种玻璃的不混溶间隙突然增大.因此,由不混溶作用形成的双峰式火山岩应来自大于2.0GPa的上地幔,且是能够提供酸性端员物质以及快速上升的构造环境.这与双峰火山岩可以产生于大陆裂谷环境或主要产于俯冲带的弧后拉张环境而不是岛弧前缘一致.     

华北太行晚中生代煌斑岩地球化学特征及成因探讨

华北克拉通太行山地区煌斑岩脉广泛发育。这些煌斑岩高度富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Sr、Ba和K)和轻稀土元素，具有高度分异的REE模式，在化学成分和Nd—Sr同位素组成上亦显示出规律性的变化。其特征表明：太行山地区的晚中生代煌斑岩来源于同一个岩浆源区，而且煌斑岩浆在上升过程中曾经遭受过下地壳的混染。此外，最原始的煌斑岩样品具有低SiO2、高MgO以及高度富集同位素[εNd(120Ma)＝-8．3，Ist＝0．7052]的特征，表明形成煌斑岩的母岩浆来自富集地幔，是富集地幔部分熔融的产物；富集地幔可能是下部软流圈释放的富挥发分、低密度的熔体与上部的岩石圈发生了交代反应而形成的。     

云南金平晚二叠纪玄武岩特征及其与峨眉地幔柱关系——地球化学证据

分布于哀牢山－红河断裂带西南侧的金坪上二叠统玄武岩属于低钛拉斑玄武岩（LT）（Ti/Y＜500）。其地球化学特征总体与洋岛玄武岩（OIB）相似，根据其岩相学、主量元素，微量元素特征，将其划分为LT1和LT2两个地球化学亚类型，它们的分布和主要地球化学标志为：LT1分布于下部，高Mg^#(48-63),SiO2(50%-56%)，高∑REE(118-145μg/g）、低Fe2O3（1．36％－1．63％），Na2O(1.88%-3.17%)，TiO2(1.37%-1.92%)，高Th、U，低Nb,Ta和Sr负异常；LT2分布于上部，低SiO2(47%-56%)，Sr强负异常，二者地球化学特征的差异是同一母岩浆经不同的分离结晶和同化混染作用的结果，金平与宾川峨眉山的化学地层学对比表明，金平LT1和LT2玄武岩与宾川峨眉山玄武岩下部的LT1、LT2十分相似，它们可能是同时，或在类似的环境下形成，金平玄武岩属于峨眉山大火山岩省的一部分，同为峨眉地幔柱早期活动的产物。新生代哀牢山－红河断裂的左滑剪运动导致了宾川与金平玄武岩的错位。     

攀西裂谷存在吗？

大陆裂谷以地幔上隆、岩石圈伸展、减薄、断陷和沉降为特征，伸展构造环境是大陆裂谷形成的必要条件和本质特征。中国学者以前所认为攀枝花-西昌裂谷的主要标志是海西期层状堆晶杂岩、晚二叠世峨眉山玄武岩、印支期环状碱性杂岩和晚三叠世裂谷盆地沉积。最近一系列研究成果表明攀西地区海西期-印支期构造岩浆热事件是地幔柱和岩石圈相互作用的结果，不是裂谷作用的产物。进一步对上扬子西缘二叠纪-三叠纪的沉积作用和构造特征综合分析表明攀西地区不存在裂谷盆地沉积。该区晚二叠世-中三叠世为古陆隆起遭受剥蚀，晚三叠世断陷型类磨拉石建造是前陆走滑复合盆地的产物。本文根据对攀西地区二叠纪-三叠纪的岩浆活动、沉积作用、构造特征和地球物理资料等方面综合研究对攀西裂谷的存在提出质疑，并以峨眉山地幔柱活动为主线探讨了攀西地区古生代和中生代的地质构造演化历史。     

Fluid inclusions in granulites, granulitized eclogites and garnet clinopyroxenites from the Dabie–Sulu terranes, eastern China

Minor granulites (believed to be pre-Triassic), surrounded by abundant amphibolite-facies orthogneiss, occur in the same region as the well-documented Triassic high- and ultrahigh-pressure (HP and UHP) eclogites in the Dabie–Sulu terranes, eastern China. Moreover, some eclogites and garnet clinopyroxenites have been metamorphosed at granulite- to amphibolite-facies conditions during exhumation. Granulitized HP eclogites/garnet clinopyroxenites at Huangweihe and Baizhangyan record estimated eclogite-facies metamorphic conditions of 775–805 °C and ≥15 kbar, followed by granulite- to amphibolite-facies overprint of ca. 750–800 °C and 6–11 kbar. The presence of (Na, Ca, Ba, Sr)-feldspars in garnet and omphacite corresponds to amphibolite-facies conditions. Metamorphic mineral assemblages and P–T estimates for felsic granulite at Huangtuling and mafic granulite at Huilanshan indicate peak conditions of 850 °C and 12 kbar for the granulite-facies metamorphism and 700 °C and 6 kbar for amphibolite-facies retrograde metamorphism. Cordierite–orthopyroxene and ferropargasite–plagioclase coronas and symplectites around garnet record a strong, rapid decompression, possibly contemporaneous with the uplift of neighbouring HP/UHP eclogites.

Carbonic fluid (CO₂-rich) inclusions are predominant in both HP granulites and granulitized HP/UHP eclogites/garnet clinopyroxenites. They have low densities, having been reset during decompression. Minor amounts of CH₄ and/or N₂ as well as carbonate are present. In the granulitized HP/UHP eclogites/garnet clinopyroxenites, early fluids are high-salinity brines with minor N₂, whereas low-salinity fluids formed during retrogression. Syn-granulite-facies carbonic fluid inclusions occur either in quartz rods in clinopyroxene (granulitized HP garnet clinopyxeronite) or in quartz blebs in garnet and quartz matrices (UHP eclogite). For HP granulites, a limited number of primary CO₂ and mixed H₂O–CO₂(liquid) inclusions have also been observed in undeformed quartz inclusions within garnet, orthopyroxene, and plagioclase which contain abundant, low-density CO₂±carbonate inclusions. It is suggested that the primary fluid in the HP granulites was high-density CO₂, mixed with a significant quantity of water. The water was consumed by retrograde metamorphic mineral reactions and may also have been responsible for metasomatic reactions (“giant myrmekites”) occurring at quartz–feldspar boundaries. Compared with the UHP eclogites in this region, the granulites were exhumed in the presence of massive, externally derived carbonic fluids and subsequently limited low-salinity aqueous fluids, probably derived from the surrounding gneisses.     

An Unusual Texture: Skeletal Sphalerite in Pyrite from Dajing Tin-polymetallic Deposit, China

Abstract. Skeletal sphalerite with stellar, cruciform and snowflake-like (or cauliflower-like) shapes included in pyrite is widely found in the Dajing tin-polymetallic deposit. It occurs only in chalcopyrite-pyrite mineralization stage. The compositions of all sphalerites in the chalcopyrite-pyrite stage are characterized by high Cu content (3.9 - 7.0 wt% with a mean of 5.4 wt%), while the skeletal crystal sphalerite has higher zinc and cadmium contents, and lower copper and iron contents, compared with other sphalerites of the same stage. The skeletal crystal sphalerite in pyrite is possibly generated by exsolution.