华北平原中部晚上新世以来沉积物碳氧同位素特征及其古环境意义

利用华北平原中部衡水水文地质科研深孔的岩芯,对平原区古土壤钙结核层碳氧同位素组分的古气候环境意义及相关气候指标的定量转换进行探讨,发现碳氧同位素对古气候变化具有较好的响应关系:3.5MaB.P.以来华北平原古气候逐渐由湿润转向干旱,早更新世由多个干湿冷暖旋回组成,晚期气候由暖迅速转凉;中更新世气候略温和,由3个冷干-暖湿旋回组成;晚更新世气候变化趋势为湿润-干燥-湿润,总体上呈现增温趋势。进入全新世后,δ13C平均值(-5)较低,属于相对湿润期;δ18 O平均值(-9.5)较低,属于相对寒冷期。应用相关公式可以定量恢复古温度变化,但平原区古土壤层受后期地下水作用的影响较大,如何消除这一影响还需更多数据支持。     

地铁超长水平冻结法冻结壁形成特性研究

根据带相变瞬态温度场的传热控制微分方程,应用数值方法分析了地铁超长水平冻结法温度场分布规律,模拟冻结壁形成过程.应用准三维方法将三维问题转化为二维问题,通过对冻结管沿程水平方向盐水温度分布的计算,分析水平方向冻结壁发展的差异性规律.结果表明:对于地铁超长水平冻结法施工,冻结管沿程冻结壁发展存在较大差异,包括冻结壁交圈时间、冻结速率,冻结壁厚度等.为以后水平冻结法施工冻结壁形成过程的预测与评价提供了方法,同时该方法也可以用于竖井冻结施工中冻结壁形成的分析和研究.     

湘南芙蓉锡多金属矿床夕卡岩矿石的矿物化学特征

夕卡岩型锡矿是芙蓉锡矿最主要的矿化类型.以矿区内19号矿体夕卡岩型矿石为研究对象,利用电子探针定量分析方法,开展矿石的矿物化学研究.结果表明,原生夕卡岩的组成矿物主要为钙铝榴石一钙铁榴石、次透辉石-低铁辉石、铁钙闪石、马来亚石和少量的符山石、硅灰石、锡石,形成于相对较氧化的条件下,与早期侵入的角闪石黑云母花岗岩具有密切的成因联系.锡主要呈Sn4+而倾向于进入硅酸盐矿物晶格中.原生夕卡岩在黑云母花岗岩浆演化过程中分异出富F、Cl和成矿物质Sn的热液流体的作用下发生金云母化、透闪石化、绿泥石化等热液蚀变作用,形成金云母+萤石+磁铁矿+锡石矿体(Ⅰ类矿体)和透闪石±透辉石+绿泥石+锡石+硫化物矿体(Ⅱ类矿体).Ⅰ类矿体的形成主要受到黑云母花岗岩结晶分异的岩浆热液流体控制,而Ⅱ类矿体则受到来自围岩的流体的影响.     

Gold Distribution in Tellurium-Rich Pyrite and Tellurides from the Xiaoqinling Gold District,Southern Margin of the North China Craton

Gold is commonly associated with arsenic in Asrich pyrite or arsenopyrite in a variety types of gold deposit, such as sediment-hosted gold deposits, epithermal Au-Ag deposits, Au-rich VMS deposits, and mesothermal lode gold deposits (Ciobanu and Cook,2002; Pals et al. , 2003; Zacharias et al. , 2004;Wagner et al. , 2007; Large et al. , 2009).     

基于元数据的科学数据汇交研究

科学数据共享过程中如何把国家设立的科学技术研究项目的数据汇交上来,形成数据仓库,是实现科学数据共享的前提。本文根据国内科学数据的调研结果,提出了科学数据汇交系统的总体框架和科学数据汇交平台的设计,详细阐述了数据汇交过程中的工作流程和技术流程,初步设计了汇交网络体系的结构和功能。     

3.50Ma BP以来河北衡水地区古植被与环境演化

依据河北衡水南张庄600 m深HS1钻孔中529块岩心样品的孢粉分析,结合古地磁、光释光测试建立的年代地层格架,初步建立了河北平原中部衡水地区3.50 Ma BP以来孢粉组合的更迭序列。在3.50~2.58 Ma BP期间,研究区沉积环境稳定,主要是极浅水泛滥平原与浅湖相沉积,孢粉不丰富,孢粉组合结构简单,反映降水、气温等变化幅度小,气候由温暖湿润逐渐过渡到冷干;2.58~0.78 Ma BP期间,植被出现频繁波动,我国东部古季风气候格局已经基本形成,表现出气候频繁变化的不稳定性,具有早期温和偏干、中期温暖湿润、晚期温凉偏干的气候演化特征;780~15 ka BP期间,孢粉带组成成分较为丰富且复杂,在不同时期乔木植物与草本-灌木植物互为消长、相互更迭,反映气候变化幅度大、频率高的特点;15 ka BP至今,气候总体表现为干,其波动频率较快,植被属森林和草原兼而有之的类型。     

Palladium, Platinum and Gold Concentrations in Fengshan Porphyry Cu–Mo Deposit, Hubei Province, China

Abstract: The Fengshan porphyry-skarn copper–molybdenum (Cu–Mo) deposit is located in the south-eastern Hubei Province in east China. Cu–Mo mineralization is hosted in the Fengshan granodiorite porphyry stock that intruded the Triassic Daye Formation carbonate rocks in the early Cretaceous (~140 Ma), as well as the contact zone between granodiorite porphyry stock and carbonate rocks, forming the porphyry-type and skarn-type association. The Fengshan granodiorite stock and the immediate country rocks are strongly fractured and intensely altered by hydrothermal fluids. In addition to intense skarn alteration, the prominent alteration types are potassic, phyllic, and propylitic, whereas argillation is less common. Mineralization occurs as veins, stock works, and disseminations, and the main ore minerals are chalcopyrite, pyrite, molybdenite, bornite, and magnetite. The contents of palladium, platinum and gold (Pd, Pt and Au) are determined in nine samples from fresh and mineralized granodiorite and different types of altered rocks. The results show that the Pd content is systematically higher than Pt, which is typical for porphyry ore deposits worldwide. The Pt content ranges from 0.037 to1.765 ppb, and the Pd content ranges between 0.165 and 17.979 ppb. Pd and Pt are more concentrated in porphyry mineralization than skarn mineralization, and have negative correlations with Au. The reconnaissance study presented here confirms the existence of Pd and Pt in the Fengshan porphyry-skarn Cu–Mo deposit. When compared with intracontinent and island arc geotectonic settings, the Pd, Pt, and Au contents in the Fengshan porphyry Cu–Mo deposit in the intracontinent is lower than the continental margin types and island are types. A combination of available data indicates that Pd and Pt were derived from oxidized alkaline magmas generated by the partial melting of an enriched mantle source.     

单站资料均一性对本地气候资料趋势结果的影响

10～30 d延伸期预报在气象业务发展和国民经济服务中具有重要的作用.本文回顾了关于延伸期预报的相关理论和技术研究进展,概要介绍了国内外开展延伸期预报业务现状;结合目前气象科技发展水平,进一步分析和阐述了现阶段我国开展延伸期预报业务亟待解决的关键技术问题,旨在共同探讨和推动延伸期预报业务的发展.     

一个压力坐标海洋环流模式(PCOM1.0)的基本模拟性能评估

参照Griffies et al.(2009)提出的海洋—海冰耦合模式参考试验(Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments,COREs),设计了一个800年积分的数值试验,对一个质量严格守恒的压力坐标海洋环流模式(Pressure Coordinate Ocean Model,PCOM1.0)的基本模拟性能进行了评估,并与观测资料和再分析资料进行了对比。结果表明,PCOM1.0模拟的温盐场和基本流场与COREs模式的模拟水平基本接近。其中,模拟的大西洋经向翻转流在45°N附近达到18 Sv(1 Sv=106 m3 s-1),与观测估计值接近;对海表面温度的模拟误差主要集中在北太平洋黑潮区和北大西洋湾流区等中高纬度急流区;模拟的热带太平洋温跃层过于深厚;模拟的经德雷克海峡的体积输送达130 Sv,比大部分COREs模式及再分析资料都更接近于观测估计值。     

Three-Dimensional Structure and Low-Level Features of the North Pacific Storm Track from 1999 to 2005

A storm track is a region in which synoptic eddy activities are statistically most prevalent and intense. At daily weather charts, it roughly corresponds to the mean trajectories of cyclones and anticyclones. In this paper, the recent QuikSCAT （Quick Scatterometer） satellite sea winds data with a 0.5°×0.5° horizontal resolution, and the NCEP （National Centers for Environmental Prediction） 10-m height Gaussian grid wind data and pressure-level reanalysis data, are employed to document the spatial structure of the North Pacific storm track in winter （January） and summer （July） from 1999 to 2005. The results show that in winter the North Pacific storm track is stronger, and is located in lower latitudes with a distinct zonal distribution. In summer, it is weaker, and is located in higher latitudes. Based on the horizontal distributions of geopotential height variance at various levels, three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the North Pacific storm track in winter and summer are extracted and presented. Analyses of the QuikSCAT wind data indicate that this dataset can depict the low-level storm track features in detail. The double storm tracks over the Southern Oceans found by Nakamura and Shimpo are confirmed. More significantly, two new pairs of low-level storm tracks over the North Pacific and the North Atlantic are identified by using this high-resolution dataset. The pair over the North Pacific is focused in this paper, and is named as the ＂subtropical storm track＂ and the ＂subpolar storm track＂, respectively. Moreover, statistical analyses of cyclone and anticyclone trajectories in the winters of 1999 to 2005 reveal as well the existence of the low-level double storm tracks over the North Pacific.