青海玛多7.4级地震烈度快速评估

利用青海地震烈度衰减模型和基于断层最短距离的地震动参数衰减模型对青海玛多7.4级地震的烈度分布进行快速评估,将评估结果与实际烈度图对比分析。研究结果表明:两种模型可以在地震正式速报后1分钟内得到地震烈度分布的快速评估结果,时效性强,可以在最短的时间内为应急指挥和救援工作提供参考;青海地震烈度衰减模型计算结果比较理想化,在大致范围上有一定的参考性,但在重灾区范围上与此次实际结果存在偏差;基于断层最短距离的地震动参数衰减模型的PGV-v_(S30)计算结果较青海地震烈度衰减模型更为精细,在高烈度区的评估中具有较好的实际应用价值;相较于冉洪流等研究的地表破裂与震级的经验关系,Wells等研究的经验关系在本次地震中的适用性更好。文章研究结果在此次实际地震应急响应中进行了应用,为政府应急指挥决策和应急救援提供了重要数据支撑。     

地震标准中术语存在的问题及分析

以1999—2019年底正式颁布的地震标准中的术语为研究对象,采用标准化工作原理和统计分析方法,通过搜集整理、分类统计、逐条分析,提出了地震标准中术语存在的问题,分析了其产生的原因;按照对比分析的方法,给出了具体示例及分析结果,并对地震标准化术语工作及术语编写提出了一些建议。     

山东崔家峪玻璃用石英砂岩矿床地质特征及成因

崔家峪石英砂岩矿床赋存于下寒武系李官组,矿体呈层状,厚度5.2～15.50 m;矿石中砂结构,分选性好;矿石ω(SiO2)高达98.77%～98.98%,ω(Fe2O3)仅0.038%～0.045%,实属少见的超纯石英砂岩矿床.该矿床形成于温暖潮湿气候下的稳定大陆壳边缘滨海环境,石英直接来源于震旦系土门群砂岩,矿床是剥蚀-沉积多个旋回不断分选富集的结果.研究该矿床地质特征和成因具有地质和找矿指导意义.     

采煤塌陷区生态地质环境恢复治理与可持续发展问题的探讨

扼要介绍了济宁市煤炭开发的资源状况和环境问题,提出了3种塌陷区土地复垦方法．并探讨了集发展农业资源、美化生活环境、实现经济效益为一体的塌陷区总体治理方案。通过项目投资分析,确认塌陷区治理能够成为以实现利润为目的的产业化项目。     

库车坳陷下侏罗统岩石古应力场与砂岩储层性质

对库车坳陷下侏罗统野外定向岩石样品的岩石力学性质的测试结果表明,下侏罗统以压扁变形明显、拉伸变形较弱为特点。自侏罗纪以来,该区经历了至少4期古构造变形作用,其变形方式主要为近EW向的以脆性变形为主的褶皱变形作用。在平面上,该区明显地表现为东弱西强的构造挤压变形特征,并对砂岩的储层性质产生重要影响。东区平均古构造应力值为19．8～28．3MPa,对应的平均砂岩孔隙度为17．1％;西区平均古构造应力值为62．6～80．1MPa,对应的平均砂岩孔隙度为6．4％～4．6％。     

萍乐坳陷中部(赣丰地1井)二叠系乐平组获“三气”发现

1研究目的(Objective)萍乐坳陷位于江西省中部,坳陷内广泛发育海陆过渡相二叠系乐平组,该组泥页岩厚度大、有机质丰度高,具备较好的页岩气成藏条件,是本区页岩气主要目的层系。萍乐坳陷油气调查始于20世纪50年代,前期工作主要针对乐平组老山段的煤层气,缺乏其他层段的系统评价参数,页岩气富集层段尚不明确。本次于萍乐坳陷丰城地区实施地质调查井——赣丰地1井,目的是系统获取乐平组相关参数,探索本区页岩气、煤层气、致密砂岩气资源潜力。     

A New Insight into the Influence of Composition of Fault Rocks on Aseismic and Seismic Fault Slip

正Objective Active faults can slip either slowly and continuously by aseismic creep, or abruptly by a seismic event. Both slip modes of faults are closely related to the composition of fault rocks. However, the actual materials resulting in differences of slip behavior remain uncertain. The Guanxian-Anxian fault(GAF) characterized by long-term aseismic creep and the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault(YBF)     

Heavy Oils and Oil Sands: Global Distribution and Resource Assessment

Gl obal recoverable resources of heavy oil and oil sands have been assessed by CNPC using a geology-based assessment method combined with the traditional volumetric method, spatial interpolation method, parametric-probability method etc. The most favourable areas for exploration have been selected in accordance with a comprehensive scoring system. The results show: (1) For geological resources, CNPC estimate 991.18 billion tonnes of heavy oil and 501.26 billion tonnes of oil sands globally, of which technically recoverable resources of heavy oil and oil sands comprise 126.74 billion tonnes and 64.13 billion tonnes respectively. More than 80% of the resources occur within Tertiary and Cretaceous reservoirs distributed across 69 heavy-oil basins and 32 oil-sands basins. 99% of recoverable resources of heavy oil and oil sands occur within foreland basins, passive continental-margin basins and cratonic basins. (2) Since residual hydrocarbon resources remain following large-scale hydrocarbon migration and destruction, heavy oil and oil sands are characterized most commonly by late hydrocarbon accumulation, the same basin types and source-reservoir conditions as for conventional hydrocarbon resources, shallow burial depth and stratabound reservoirs. (3) Three accumulation models are recognised, depending on basin type: degradation along slope; destruction by uplift; and migration along faults. (4) In addition to mature exploration regions such as Canada and Venezuela, the Volga-Ural Basin and the Pre-Caspian Basin are less well-explored and have good potential for oil-sand discoveries, and it is predicted that the Middle East will be an important region for heavy-oil development.