江西省九岭区地质灾害危险性区划

对九岭区地质灾害发育的基本特征及其地质环境条件进行了概述,并对其形成条件进行了相关性分析;通过对地质灾害发育的基本规律、控制因素、触发因素与地质灾害关系的分析,采用环境地质学原理,建立区域地质灾害空间预测模型,圈定九岭区地质灾害的危险性分区,为实时地质灾害时间预警预报圈定有效的空间靶区。预测单元采用规则的栅格(500m×500m),共14415个单元;评价指标主要包括地形地貌、工程地质岩类、地质构造、破坏地质环境人类工程活动等四大类26个因子;利用GIS技术,提取出相关的数据信息;信息量预测方程:Ii=-1.164X1-0.999X2-0.681X3 …… 0.203X25-0.135X26(其中X1、X2、X3、…X26取1或0,即某单元中存在某种因素时取1、否则取0),据此计算出各单元格的信息量;根据地质灾害危险性分区临界指标,确定单元格的地质灾害危险性等级;合并同类项,并考虑类似的地质、自然环境具有类似的地质灾害问题的原则,进行归并与单元边界线的修改,得出九岭区地质灾害危险性分区。     

基于消息通知机制的国省数据共享系统的设计与实现

为解决卫星广播传输缺陷及省级用户获取临省实时观测资料和实况分析产品等迫切的业务需求，设计并实现了基于消息通知机制的国省数据共享系统。系统基于RabbitMQ的消息机制进行业务和数据资源的整合及集成，采用多层体系架构，满足基于地面宽带的数据快速有序下载和卫星广播数据补调等国省数据共享需求，支持大容量多种数据的高速传输，支持HTTP、FTP、SFTP等多种数据传输协议。系统已经上线提供服务，实现智能网格、多源融合实况分析等25种气象资料的国省数据共享，月平均共享数据量达6.3 TB，且建立全流程监视，有效保障数据共享的时效性。     

2021年2月26日东北地区地磁日变畸变异常分析

2021+年2+月26+日辽宁及周边地区多个台站地磁Z7分量日变化幅度显著减小,通过调查异常日空间环境和周边人为活动等干扰,利用逐日比量化磁场幅度畸变量,并基于Kriging法模拟研究区逐日比空间分布,最后结合东北地区已有观测数据和历史地震的时空关系得出结论,认为此次异常为震前信息的可能性较高,异常区可能反映的是:异常日未来中短期内郯庐断裂带北端地区的地震活动有增强的趋势.     

Oil-generation kinetics for organic facies with Type-II and -IIS kerogen in the Menilite Shales of the Polish Carpathians

The Menilite Shales (Oligocene) of the Polish Carpathians are the source of low-sulfur oils in the thrust belt and some high-sulfur oils in the Carpathian Foredeep. These oil occurrences indicate that the high-sulfur oils in the Foredeep were generated and expelled before major thrusting and the low-sulfur oils in the thrust belt were generated and expelled during or after major thrusting. Two distinct organic facies have been observed in the Menilite Shales. One organic facies has a high clastic sediment input and contains Type-II kerogen. The other organic facies has a lower clastic sediment input and contains Type-IIS kerogen. Representative samples of both organic facies were used to determine kinetic parameters for immiscible oil generation by isothermal hydrous pyrolysis and S₂ generation by non-isothermal open-system pyrolysis. The derived kinetic parameters showed that timing of S₂ generation was not as different between the Type-IIS and -II kerogen based on open-system pyrolysis as compared with immiscible oil generation based on hydrous pyrolysis. Applying these kinetic parameters to a burial history in the Skole unit showed that some expelled oil would have been generated from the organic facies with Type-IIS kerogen before major thrusting with the hydrous-pyrolysis kinetic parameters but not with the open-system pyrolysis kinetic parameters. The inability of open-system pyrolysis to determine earlier petroleum generation from Type-IIS kerogen is attributed to the large polar-rich bitumen component in S₂ generation, rapid loss of sulfur free-radical initiators in the open system, and diminished radical selectivity and rate constant differences at higher temperatures. Hydrous-pyrolysis kinetic parameters are determined in the presence of water at lower temperatures in a closed system, which allows differentiation of bitumen and oil generation, interaction of free-radical initiators, greater radical selectivity, and more distinguishable rate constants as would occur during natural maturation. Kinetic parameters derived from hydrous pyrolysis show good correlations with one another (compensation effect) and kerogen organic-sulfur contents. These correlations allow for indirect determination of hydrous-pyrolysis kinetic parameters on the basis of the organic-sulfur mole fraction of an immature Type-II or -IIS kerogen.     

T -distributed Random Fields: A Parametric Model for Heavy-tailedWell-log Data1

Histograms of observations from spatial phenomena are often found to be more heavy-tailed than Gaussian distributions, which makes the Gaussian random field model unsuited. A T-distributed random field model with heavy-tailed marginal probability density functions is defined. The model is a generalization of the familiar Student-T distribution, and it may be given a Bayesian interpretation. The increased variability appears cross-realizations, contrary to in-realizations, since all realizations are Gaussian-like with varying variance between realizations. The T-distributed random field model is analytically tractable and the conditional model is developed, which provides algorithms for conditional simulation and prediction, so-called T-kriging. The model compares favourably with most previously defined random field models. The Gaussian random field model appears as a special, limiting case of the T-distributed random field model. The model is particularly useful whenever multiple, sparsely sampled realizations of the random field are available, and is clearly favourable to the Gaussian model in this case. The properties of the T-distributed random field model is demonstrated on well log observations from the Gullfaks field in the North Sea. The predictions correspond to traditional kriging predictions, while the associated prediction variances are more representative, as they are layer specific and include uncertainty caused by using variance estimates.     

西藏昌都夏通街滑坡成因分析及治理对策

西藏昌都地区夏通街滑坡是在古滑坡体上复活的新滑坡。自2001年以来滑坡变形破坏迹象日趋严重，引起了各方的关注。通过对滑坡的现场调查，了解其形成的地质背景。并对变形情况进行长期监测。在分析其变形特征的基础上，对古滑坡体的复活成因机理进行了分析研究。夏通街新滑坡是多种因素综合作用形成的。如河流冲刷、人类工程活动、降雨、地质条件等。其中起控制作用的主要因素是不合理的人类工程活动，特别是修建214国道对坡脚的开挖，使其抗滑段遭到破坏，抗滑力减小。另一控制因素则是连续3a的强降雨，使坡体岩土体力学性质降低，最终导致古滑坡体复活。根据对滑坡变形破坏情况的研究，提出相应的主动防治与被动防治相结合的治理对策。     

韧性剪切变形对岩石地球化学行为的制约——以北阿尔金巴什考供韧性剪切带为例

韧性剪切变形对岩石地球化学行为的制约一直是地质学家们探讨的课题。本文以构成北阿尔金红柳沟——拉配泉俯冲碰撞杂岩带与北阿尔金地块边界的巴什考供斜向逆冲型韧性剪切带为例，通过对韧性剪切带内花岗岩变形前后不同变形强度构造岩的地球化学组成进行对比，确定等比线斜率，探讨韧性变形对岩石体积和成分变异的影响。计算结果表明，在糜棱岩化过程中，糜棱岩化花岗岩体积亏损21％，花岗质糜棱岩体积亏损31％。质量平衡计算结果和等比线图表明，韧；陛剪切作用导致SiO2，流失量最大，A12O3、K2O及Ba、Rb、Sr等都有不同程度的丢失，显示出较强的活动性，MnO、P2O5、Sc位于等比线上或附近，表现出相对的稳定性。岩石中活动组分的变异是流体渗滤作用引起的，不活动组分的变异是体．积亏损造成的。     

聊城市水资源现状分析与对策

根据聊城市近几年的地表水及地下水的水质监测资料,对水资源现状进行了分析,并对主要污染物进行了评价,提出了如何解决存在问题的措施与建议.     

362℃和差异应力条件下硫化物在NaCl溶液中的再活化实验研究

红透山块状硫化物矿石主要成分为黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿、闪锌矿和石英、角闪石、黑云母等脉石矿物。切成长40mm 直径17mm 的矿石圆柱用20wt%NaCl 溶液浸泡260小时后装入长江500型活塞-圆筒式三轴应力试验机,在362℃414MPa 围压下加1342MPa 轴压,13小时后于空气中自然冷却。实验后试样长度压缩为32.3mm,算得应变速率为4.1×10~(-6)/s。实验产物中出现大量垂直应力轴的松弛裂缝。黄铁矿强烈脆性破裂,而磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿以塑性变形为主,局部也发生脆性破裂。再活化黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿和黄铜矿分别充填同种矿物的碎粒间隙。再活化产物也呈细脉穿插脆性变形的黄铁矿碎斑,细脉中以黄铜矿为主,其次是磁黄铁矿,有时含极少量闪锌矿,在磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿的塑性变形区内,以及变形的石英和其它脉石矿物中均无再活化硫化物产出。实验结果表明在构造应力作用下强干性矿物和地质体容易发生脆性变形,从而为再活化成矿流体的运移和析出矿质提供通道和空间,而韧性变形区较难提供流体通道和矿质沉淀空间。所以,再活化成矿作用容易发生在脆性变形区和韧-脆性转换部位。原生矿石中的黄铜矿在实验条件下比其它三种硫化物更容易再活化。脆性变形的黄铜矿和黄铁矿比起其它矿物来更容易接受含铜流体的叠加,因此地层中的含铜黄铁矿矿胚层最容易受叠加流体作用而形成层控富矿床。