近20年气候变暖对黑龙江省水稻增产的贡献

研究过去的气候变暖对作物产量的影响是认识变暖对农业影响的有效途径,但如何定量区分出气候变化和技术发展对粮食作物的影响程度是目前研究的难点。本文提出的算法在一定程度上可以克服传统算法缺陷,用此方法估算过去20年气候变暖对黑龙江省水稻单产增加的贡献率,结果表明：20世纪80年代相对于70年代水稻单产增加了30.6%,其中由气候变暖带来的增产量占实际增产量的12.8%~16.1%,相当于使70年代的单产增加3.9%~4.9%。20世纪90年代水稻单产较80年代增产42.7%,其中,气候变暖对单产增加的贡献率约为23.2%~28.8%,相当于在20世纪80年代的单产水平上增产9.9%~12.3%。     

基于多种GPS数据研究福建及其邻近海域1994-1997年地壳水平运动

为研究中国大陆东南部的边缘海动力学,基于中国大陆和福建区域的ＧＰＳ观测网 以及环绕中国大陆的ＩＧＳ（Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ ＧＰＳ Ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅ）跟踪站在１９９４—１９９７年间的测量数据, 建立块体运动和块内变形两种力学模型,研究了福建及其邻近海域现今地壳水平运动速度场 和应变率场．结果表明：无论在中国大陆还是在中国大陆周边框架内,或相对于台湾而言,福 建及其邻近海域均整体地向着东南或东偏南方向,即指向海洋的方向作水平运动．运动平均 速率为１１．２±３．０ｍｍ／ａ（福建网）或１４．０±４．０ｍｍ／ａ（全国网）．然而在福建区域内还存在着 一种由海洋指向大陆内部的北西向运动,其运动平均速率为 ３．０± ２．６ｍｍ／ ａ．区域应变率场 主压应变方位为ＮＷ（ＮＷＷ）－ＳＥ（ＳＥＥ）．印度板块对欧亚板块的碰撞通过中国大陆内部各 块体间的侧向传递和菲律宾海板块对台湾（欧亚大陆东南沿）的仰冲与挤压,同时作用到福建 及其邻近海域。此种联合作用现今仍在继续进行中,前者的影响比后者更强烈,但前者形成的 速率场均匀,而后者不均匀。     

辽河外围西部断陷沉积盆地群油气成藏条件及盆地力学探讨

辽河外围西部发育了一系列晚中生代陆相沉积盆地。它们经历了前裂谷盆地期、同裂谷盆地期、后裂谷盆地期,以及盆地形成后的改造期四个阶段。在裂谷体制作用下,它们形成了相似的断陷构造样式。但基底结构的基异产生了盆地沉积建造与后裂谷阶段的重大差异。盆地盖层的发育主要决定于后者,因此在裂谷型盆地的油气成藏条件及其演化发带与成块特征。     

基于X射线连续谱的光子计数探测器能量标定方法

随着探测器技术的发展,具有能量分辨能力的光子计数探测器在X射线能谱CT成像中应用越来越广泛。能量与阈值的对应关系对能谱CT成像具有重要意义,受到实验条件的限制,目前的光子计数探测器的能量标定方法有一定的局限性。针对光子计数探测器的单像素标定问题,本文提出一种基于X射线光机连续谱的能量标定方法,通过建立和分析X光谱模型,利用光机连续谱中高能端的能量信息,得到阈值与能量之间的关系。实验结果表明该方法操作方便,对探测器单像素标定结果较为准确,对其他类型光子计数探测器的标定具有参考意义。      

Indicators and impact analysis of sediment from the Changjiang Estuary and East China Sea to the Hangzhou Bay

Based on the historical evolution of the Hangzhou Bay, by making use of the conclusions made by the previous research workers and the integration of concrete data, five distinct impact indicators of the sediment from the Changjiang Estuary and the East China Sea to the Hangzhou Bay are summarized. Numerical calculation and analysis indicate that the scouring and deposition of seabed in the Hangzhou Bay are subject to the direct impact of the evolution of the Changjiang Estuary, and the growth and decline and the direction of the sandy bar at Nanhuizui give traces to the sediment transport between the Changjiang Estuary and the Hangzhou Bay. The transport of sediment from the Changjiang Estuary to the Hangzhou Bay occurs mainly in winter and spring seasons and the increase of the Changjiang River runoff and the decrease of sediment charge have caused scouring in the northern coast of the Hangzhou Bay and the seabed erosion along the frontal margin of the Changjiang River Delta.     

Structural architecture of Neoproterozoic rifting depression groups in the Tarim Basin and their formation dynamics

The Tarim Basin is the largest, oil-bearing, superimposed basin in the northwest of China. The evolution and tectonic properties of the initial Tarim Basin have been hotly disputed and remain enigmatic. The Neoproterozoic basin is covered by a vast desert and a huge-thickness of sedimentary strata, has experienced multiple tectonic movements, had a low signal to noise ratios(SNRs) of deep seismic reflection data, all of which have posed critical obstacles to research. We analysed four field outcrops, 18 wells distributed throughout the basin, 27 reprocessed seismic reflection profiles with higher SNRs across the basin and many ancillary local 2D and 3D profiles and aeromagnetic data. We found about 20 normal fault-controlled rifting depressions of the Cryogenian and Ediacaran scattered throughout the basin, which developed on the Precambrian metamorphic and crystalline basement. The structural framework is clearly different from that of the overlying Phanerozoic. The rifting depressions consist of mainly half grabens, symmetrical troughs and horst-grabens. From the northeast to southwest of the basin,they are divided into three rifting depression groups with the WNW, ENE, and NW-trends that are mainly controlled by normal faults. The maximum thicknesses of the strata are up to 4100 m. From the Cryogenian to Ediacaran, most of the main inherited faults to active and eventually ceased at the end of the Ediacaran or Early Cambrian, while subsidence centres appeared and migrated eastward along the faults. They revealed that the different parts of the Tarim continental block were in NNE-SSWoriented and NNW-SSE-oriented extensional paleo-stress fields(relative to the present) during the Neoproterozoic, and were accompanied by clockwise shearing. According to the analysis of the activities of syn-sedimentary faults, filling sediments,magmatic events, and coordination with aeromagnetic anomalies, the tectonic properties of the fault depressions are different and are primarily continental rifts or intra-continental fault-controlled basins. The rifting phases mainly occurred from 0.8–0.61 Ga.The formation of the rifting depression was associated with the initial opening of the South Altun-West Kunlun Ocean and the South Tianshan Ocean, which were located at the northern and southern margins of the Tarim Block, respectively, in response to the break-up of the Supercontinent Rodinia and the initial opening of the Proto-Tethys Ocean.     

利用C-F模型识别僵尸网络迁移

基于C-F模型识别僵尸网络的迁移,以僵尸网络迁移过程中表现出的多个特征为基础,提出了一种识别僵尸网络迁移的方法,能够协同多个特征判断给定的两批僵尸主机是否具有迁移关系。通过几个典型僵尸样本的评测,有效地识别了僵尸网络的迁移行为。与单纯采用IP地址重合度的方法进行了对比,在僵尸网络成员数量动态变化的情况下,仍然保持了理想的识别结果。     

青海共和盆地中三叠世花岗岩组合岩石成因:地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素约束

青海共和盆地位于青藏高原东北缘,以往有关共和盆地及邻区早-中三叠世岩浆岩成因机制的认识分歧较大,且研究主要集中在露头岩石方面。本文以共和盆地干热岩GR1井深部花岗岩岩芯样品作为研究对象,对其进行岩石学、长石电子探针、主微量元素地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Lu-Hf同位素研究。矿物组成及长石电子探针测试结果显示花岗岩主要为奥长花岗岩、英云闪长岩及花岗闪长岩。锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,奥长花岗岩的结晶年龄为236.5±1.7Ma,英云闪长岩的岩浆结晶年龄为241.6±3.0Ma。主、微量元素地球化学显示这些花岗岩主要为准铝质,属于高钾钙碱性系列。全岩Ta-Nb-Hf等不相容元素图解及锆石Hf同位素数据表明共和盆地的236.5~241.6Ma花岗岩显示火山弧及同碰撞花岗岩成分特征,说明中三叠世共和地区发生俯冲-碰撞转换。结合本文数据与区域背景资料,作者认为：共和盆地早-中三叠世花岗岩组合的形成与印支期宗务隆洋的南向俯冲作用密切相关,此时,在宗务隆-青海南山-西秦岭北缘存在统一的大陆边缘弧环境;在236~241Ma时发生俯冲-碰撞转换;晚三叠世时宗务隆-青海南山-西秦岭北缘已处于碰撞期和后碰撞期。     

蔚县盆地中更新世哺乳动物化石新发现

1 研究目的(Objective) 蔚县盆地为典型的冀西北山间盆地,与阳原盆地仅一山之隔,二者共同组成了广义的"泥河湾盆地",盆地内广泛出露中更新统郝家台组(Qp2h)河-湖相沉积物.相比阳原盆地,蔚县盆地古生物化石研究程度较低.20世纪80年代,盆地北部(大南沟一带)出土具有上新世—早更新世面貌的小型哺乳动物化石,近...