三疣梭子蟹全人工工厂化育苗技术

2000年笔者在日照市水产研究所利用1450m^3水进行梭子蟹全人工工厂化育苗生产，共出Ⅱ-Ⅲ期幼蟹512．7万只，创造了出苗量为3500只／m^3，总产值为150多万元的直接经济效益，同时对幼体培育的密度进行了初步试验，结果表明：从Z1至M期幼体培育密度10－15万／m^3为宜，M期以后密度以0．8－1．5万／m^3为宜。     

二(甲基环戊二烯)钐氯化物合成和晶体结构研究

作者以 Sm Cl3 与 (CH3 Cp) Na反应分离得到了三价稀土有机配合物 [(CH3 Cp) 2 Sm Cl·THF]2 的单晶 ,X-射线四圆衍射测定 ,该配合物属正交晶系 ,Pbna空间群 ,晶胞参数 a=9.6 6 2 (2 ) ,b=16 .4 76 (9) ,c=2 0 .582 (9) ;α=β=γ=90°,Z=4。并分析比较 [(CH3 Cp) 2 Sm Cl· THF]2 与其他三价稀土一氯化物的结构特点     

珠江口东南近海海区污损生物研究

为研究珠江口东南近海海区污损生物状况,于1986年5月至1987年6月,在香港东南约114和160km,水深为95和113m处布设了两个生物浮标站,并对距香港约172km,水深为115m处的Marex水文气象浮标上的污损生物群落进行调查.此次调查共采集和鉴定出污损生物78种,其中在浸海只有3个月的试板上,主要有柄蔓足类、水螅和藻类,优势种是细板条茗荷、茗荷和直杯螅.至于浸海时间达6～12个月的浮标(包括沉标)及锚链系统,其上还有相当数量的多种双壳类软体动物、无柄蔓足类和苔藓动物等硬性污损生物附着.在种类垂直分布方面,污损生物群落组成随深度发生明显变化.     

Fatigue Behavior of Plain Concrete Under Biaxial Compression: Experiments and Theoretical Model

The effects of different lateral confinement stress on the fatigue behavior of and cumulative damage to plain concrete are investigated experimentally. Eighty 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm specimens of ordinary strength concrete are tested under constant- or variable-amplitude fatigue loading and lateral confinement pressure in two orthogonal directions. A fatigue equation is developed by modifying the classical Aas-Jakobsen S-N equation for taking into account the effect of the confined stress on fatigue strength of plain concrete. The results of variable-amplitude fatigue tests indicate that the linear damage theory proposed by Palmgren and Miner is unreasonable in the biaxial stress state. A nonlinear cumulative damage model that could model the effects of the magnitude and sequence of variable-amplitude fatigue loading and lateral confinement pressure is proposed on the basis of the evolution laws of the residual strains in the longitudinal direction during fatigue tests. The residual fatigue life predic     

An Experimental Study of Several Special Issues Regarding the Ice Force on Conical Structures

The effect of the cone spacing of a conieal structure on the ice force is studied by model experiments. The ice force reduction coefficient presented in this paper expresses the relationship between the ice force and the arrangement of cones. The experiments prove that the mode of the ice failure before the boundary of upward-downward bending cone (UDBC) is crushing. A conclusion can also be drawn from the experiments that the ice force on the boundary of UDBC is by far less than that on a vertical pile with the same diameter. Moreover, the ice force frequencies on upright and inve-rted cones are obtained under the field condition of the platform JZ20-2, respectively. The results show that the alterna-tion of the ice force on UDBC can hardly induce resonance of platform JZ20-2.     

Model Test Study of Dynamic Ice Force on Compliant Conical Structures

To study ice-induced vibration of a compliant conical structure,a series of model tests were performed from 2004 to 2005.In the tests,the ice sheet before the compliant conical structure was found to fail in two-time breaking.From 2005 to 2006,this type of ice failure was studied through more groups of tests.The tests show that two-time breaking is the typical failure of ice before steep conical structures,and is controlled by other factors at the same time,such as ice speed and the angle of the cone.     

Preliminary study on different nutrient pools supplies for the phytoplankton growth in the Jiaozhou Bay in China in the fall of 2004

The source and significance of two nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorous, were investigated by a modified dilution method performed on seawater samples from the Jiaozhou Bay, in autumn 2004. This modified dilution method accounted for the phytoplankton growth rate, microzooplankton grazing mortality rate, the internal and external nutrient pools, as well as nutrient supplied through remineralization by microzooplankton. The results indicated that the phytoplankton net growth rate increased in turn from inside the bay, to outside the bay, to in the Xiaogang Harbor. The phytoplankton maximum growth rates and microzooplankton grazing mortality rates were 1.14 and 0.92 d-1 outside the bay, 0.42 and 0.32 d-1 inside the bay and 0.98 and 0.62 d-1 in the harbor respectively. Outside the bay, the remineralized nitrogen (Kr=24.49) had heavy influence on the growth of the phytoplankton. Inside the bay, the remineralized phosphorus(Kr=3.49) strongly affected the phytoplankton growth. In the harbor, the remineralized phosphorus (Kr=3.73) was in larger demand by phytoplankton growth. The results demonstrated that the different nutrients pools supplied for phytoplankton growth were greatly in accordance with the phytoplankton community structure, microzooplankton grazing mortality rates and environmental conditions. It is revealed that nutrient remineralization is much more important for the phytoplankton growth in the Jiaozhou Bay than previously believed.     

龙须菜在滩涂贝藻混养系统中的生态作用模拟研究

2005年5-7月,在室内采用实验生态学方法对壳长为48.35 mm±4.27 mm文蛤(Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus)成贝和龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis Weber-van Bosse)的4种配比(生物量配比分别为0∶1、1∶1、2∶1、4∶1)进行了混养实验,每周测定养殖水体中营养盐变化情况以及文蛤、龙须菜的存活和生长情况等。实验表明,加入了大型藻类的文蛤养殖系统,相对于空白对照组,其氨氮、亚硝氮和磷酸盐浓度显著降低,NH4-N从5.52μmol/L降至1.30μmol/L、NO2-N从0.31μmol/L降至0.06μmol/L,而PO4-P从0.48μmol/L降至0.006μmol/L。实验结束后,文蛤及龙须菜生长情况良好,文蛤特定生长率最高达到了0.84%,龙须菜最高则达到了1.79%。本实验条件下,在文蛤成贝养殖系统中加入大型藻类,对养殖水体中的NH4-N、NO2-N、PO4-P有明显的吸收效果,吸收率分别为86%、98%和99%,起到了良好的生态作用。     

神经网络反演散射计风场算法的研究

建立了一个神经网络反演卫星散射计海面风场的B-P算法,给出了一个神经网络反演风场的模型,并利用该反演算法和模型对实际卫星散射计数据进行了海面风场反演试验,对风向的多解性利用圆中数滤波方法进行排除.对神经网络训练和检验数据集分别采用ERS-1/2散射计数据和欧洲中期天气预报(ECMWF)提供的风场作为配准点数据.把反演的风速和风向与CMCD4和ECMWF的风场作了比较,它们吻合得比较好;研究表明神经网络反演海面风场是可行和高效的.     

音响驯化技术在鲤养殖中的实验研究

探讨淡水养殖尤其是大水域网箱养鱼中由于投饵方式的不当和投饵量过多导致过剩饵料沉积引起水域环境污染的解决方法。本研究利用鱼类的听觉生物学特性,参考音响驯化技术的有关参数,结合投饵用400 Hz正弦波连续音对鲤(Cyprinus carpioLinnaeus)进行了音响驯化实验。结果表明,最初放声时,实验鱼产生惊愕反应,迅速离声源而去;但驯化6 d后,实验鱼在放声后迅速游向声源,摄食时间由最初的150 s缩短到实验后期的60 s。整个实验阶段放声组与对照组摄食时间差异极显著(P<0.01),摄食率和特定生长率无显著差异(P>0.05)。根据实验鱼的生长参数,求得了参考投饵量曲线和方程。本实验结果为音响驯化技术在淡水鱼养殖中的推广应用提供了基础数据。