剥片高岭土的有机改性

用醋酸钾进行插层形成高岭土—醋酸钾复合体。通过X射线检测，高岭土层间距明显增大。将此复合体通过水洗，除去醋酸钾，高岭土即被剥片。剥片后高岭土粒径变小，但保持了高岭土的基本层状结构。用偶联剂对剥片后高岭土进行有机改性，形成高岭土有机复合物。“有效活化指数”的测定实验表明，利用此种方法制备的剥片高岭土有机改性效果很好。     

鄂尔多斯盆地中部奥陶系方解石脉中包裹体流体势研究

结合前人研究成果，归纳出了一种利用盐水包裹体均一温度与盐度确定流体势的方法，并对鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田奥陶系方解石脉中包裹体进行了流体势计算，推算出了古流体运移方向。     

影像匹配中几种相似性测度的分析

对基于灰度影像匹配中的几种相似性测度进行了研究，分析了每种测度的直观意义、限制条件以及改进措施，最后通过实验结果验证了上述结论。     

ZWICK-100高频试验机在岩石力学性能研究中的应用

从岩石强度理论及振动理论的基本原理出发,通过实验的方法,对岩石在静动态荷载下的力学性能进行了试 验分析,通过实验初步掌握了Zwick--100HFP5100高频振动实验机在岩土工程某些领域的应用。     

孟加拉湾季风爆发对南海季风爆发的影响Ⅰ:个例分析

利用南海季风试验分析场和NCAR向外长波辐射通量(OLR)资料研究了1998年孟加拉湾季风和南海季风爆发期间副热带环流的大尺度和天气尺度特征,探讨了孟加拉湾季风爆发与南海季风爆发之间的物理联系及孟加拉湾季风气旋的对流凝结潜热释放对副热带高压“撤出”南海的影响。结果表明,1998年5月爆发的东亚季风展现出典型的从孟加拉湾地区东传发展到南海地区的过程。随着孟加拉湾季风爆发和对流活动增强、北移,南海北部出现了低层西风和对流活动,领先于副热带高压在南海地区减弱和撤退。结果还显示南海北部地区的对流凝结加热有助于该地区经向温度梯度的反转,在热成风关系的制约下南海上空副热带高压脊面的垂直倾斜由冬季型转向夏季型,季风爆发。     

联合办刊是科技期刊走出困境的重要途径--以《灾害学》杂志为例

以《灾害学》杂志为例，论述了联合办刊的问题。实践证明，联合办刊是解决科技期刊办刊经费不足、发行量有限、稿源短缺等问题并使其走出困境、寻求发展的重要途径。     

Some characteristics of ozone profiles above Hong Kong

Summary Analysis of ozonesonde data shows that in the lower troposphere above Hong Kong, there is a relative maximum with respect to height in all seasons except winter. In the upper troposphere, there is with respect to height a relative minimum in the seasonally averaged ozone mixing ratio in winter. Ozone mixing ratios in the upper troposphere in winter and spring can be significantly enhanced by stratospheric intrusions associated with the passage of cold fronts and upper cut-off lows.For Hong Kong, the seasonally averaged total ozone has the highest value in spring, and the lowest in winter. The seasonally averaged total tropospheric ozone also has the highest value in spring, but the lowest in summer. In a relative sense, total tropospheric ozone contributes most to the total ozone in spring and the least in summer.The phase of the total ozone anomaly above Hong Kong is influenced by the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), with the positive anomaly associated with the easterly phase of QBO, and the negative anomaly the westerly phase.     

新疆北部晚古生代埃达克岩、富铌玄武岩组合：古亚洲洋板块南向俯冲的证据

地球化学研究结果表明，新疆北部富蕴县境内的晚古生代下泥盆统托让格库都克组的安山质岩石具有与埃达克岩非常相似的地球化学特征，它们具有较高的Al2O3，Na2O和Sr含量以及Sr/Y比值；明显亏损重稀土和Y，它们的MORB标准化微量元素蛛网图表现为明显的Nb，Ta负异常和Sr正异常，同时强烈亏损高场强元素。与埃达克岩共生的玄武岩的地球化学特征则与富铌玄武岩一致，表现为Si过饱和及富Na的特征，同时具有较高的Nb，TiO2和P2O5含量，并富集高场强元素。由于埃达克岩和富铌玄武岩的形成均与板块俯冲有关，因此，它们的存在表明，古亚洲洋在早-中泥盆世向南(哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块)发生了一次洋壳俯冲作用。     

黄河水下三角洲沉积物强度变化原位测试研究

研究区位于1964～1976年黄河由刁口入海时形成的水下三角洲叶瓣上。1995年为石油开采在潮坪上构筑的交通设施对波浪形成良好的屏障。在屏障两侧各选一典型研究区，于1999年和2002年进行了大量对比性现场原位土工测试，探讨了波浪对黄河口沉积物的次生改造作用，结果表明：(1)较强的波浪荷载作用，不会提高海底沉积物的表层强度，只是导致不均匀程度随水动力作用的时间增长有所加大：(2)较强的波浪荷载作用，使得海底表层沉积物之下一定深度范围内土体强度提高，形成强度硬层：(3)海底沉积物强度沿着剖面线在平面上呈现周期性或间隔性变化。     

Li/Ca in multiple species of benthic and planktonic foraminifera: thermocline, latitudinal, and glacial-interglacial variation

Li/Ca ratios were measured in planktonic and benthic foraminifera from a variety of hydrographic settings to investigate the factors influencing lithium incorporation into foraminiferal tests including temperature, dissolution, pressure, and interspecies differences. Down-core measurements of planktonic (Orbulina universa, Globigerinoides ruber, and Globigerinoides sacculifer) and benthic foraminifera (calcitic Cibicides wuellerstorfi and aragonitic Hoeglandina elegans) show a systematic variation in Li/Ca with δ¹⁸O through the last glacial-interglacial transition. All species examined exhibit an increase in Li/Ca between 14 to 50% from the Holocene to the last glacial maximum. Li/Ca generally increases with decreasing temperature as seen in a latitudinal transect of planktonic O. universa and down-slope benthic species along the Bahama Bank margins. Postdepositional dissolution possibly causes a decrease in planktonic foraminiferal Li/Ca along the Sierra Leone Rise, and increased water depth causes a decrease in benthic foraminiferal Li/Ca in the deep Caribbean. However, none of these effects are sufficient to account for the observed glacial-interglacial changes. Physiological factors such as calcification rate may affect the Li/Ca content of foraminiferal calcite. The calcification rate in turn may be a function of carbonate ion concentration of ambient ocean water. This work shows that incorporation of lithium by foraminifera appears to be influenced by factors other than seawater composition and does not appear to be dominated by changes in temperature, dissolution, or pressure. We hypothesize that the consistent increase in foraminiferal Li/Ca during the last glacial maximum may be linked to changes in seawater carbonate ion concentration. Important parameters to be tested include calcification rate and foraminiferal test size and weight. If foraminiferal Li/Ca is dominantly controlled by calcification rate as a function of seawater carbonate ion concentration, then Li/Ca may act as a proxy of past atmospheric CO₂.