Low-Frequency Waves Forced by Large-scale Topography in the Barotropic Model

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The Solitary Waves of the Barotropic Quasi-Geostrophic Model with the Large-scale Orography

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从孤立子(soliton)到偶极子(modon)看大气非线性波研究的进展

本文简要地介绍了从本世纪六十年代开始的大气非线性波的研究,着重说明孤立子理论和偶极子理论。从这些理论研究的进展看出,非线性波的研究与了解大气运动的规律和实质有很重要的关系。     

半地转近似下的非线性波

本文应用半地转的概念分析和求解了正压和斜压的大气运动。指出:(1)在水平无辐散或准地转条件下求单波解无法表现非线性作用的困难,可以应用半地转的假定来解决。为了避开上述困难,不得已仅保留部分非线性项,但为了准确表征大尺度运动,最好应用半地转假定,保留全部非线性项。(2)准地转的假定可以滤去快速波动,半地转的假定同样也可以滤去快速波动,而且半地转条件下的Rossby波具有充分的非线性特征。所以,它为讨论非线性问题提供了一个途径。     

NONLINEAR WAVES IN BAROTROPIC MODEL

In this paper, from the system of equation describing a barotropic atmosphere using the method of Taylor expansion for the nonlinear terms, the periodic solutions of the nonlinear inertio-surface gravity waves and Rossby waves have been obtained.The finite-amplitude nonlinear inertio-surface gravity waves and Rossby waves with horizontal divergence satisfy all the KdV equation. The solutions are all the cnoidal function, i, e., the cnoidal waves which include the linear waves and form the solitary waves under certain conditions. For the finite-amplitude Rossby waves with horizontal divergence, we find the new dispersive relation including both the wave number and the amplitude parameter. In case of small amplitude it is reduced to the Yeh formula. It is shown that the larger the amplitude and width, the faster the finite-amplitude inertio-surface gravity waves and the slower the finite-amplitude Rossby waves with horizontal divergence propagate. The blocking or cut-off system in which the amplitude and width are large may be considered as Rossby solitary waves.     

关于中纬或低纬扰动对低纬或中纬度流场的作用

用付里叶方法求解正压无辐散涡度方程,把初始扰动分别加在中纬或低纬,求得这些扰动在低纬或中纬度产生的作用。结果表明:这种作用都是不能忽视的,而且中纬扰动对低纬度流场产生的影响比相同的低纬扰动对中纬度的影响要大。     

Rossby波的螺旋斑图

应用描写大气大尺度运动的准地转方程组，求得了大气Rossby波的三维定常流场以及相应的位温场、涡度场和散度场，其中的三维流场构成了物理空间的一个非线性自治动力系统. 研究表明，Rossby波具有     

周期 2 ,3,5及其气候突变点预测

一个混沌气候时间序列含有各种各样的周期 ,其中周期 2 ,3和 5是最基本的周期 ,它们又是气候突变时间层次映射的主要角色。根据周期 2 ,3和 5的突变时间规律 ,它基本符合子波变换所导得的微分方程的解 ,由周期 1的突变时间可以预测周期 2 ,3和 5的突变时间。文中对北半球气温和中国气温的突变时间做了预测 ,预测效果较好。     

A Simple Quasi-Geostrophic Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model

The quasi-geostrophic atmospheric and oceanic equations of momentum and thermodynamics with dissipation factors are used to create a simple coupled ocean-atmosphere model describing the large-scale shallow-water motion. We discuss the ocean-atmosphere coupling effect in mid-high and low latitudes separately and analyze characteristics of which the oscillatory periods of coupled low-frequency modes (ocean mode) vary with the coupling frequency and latitudinal number. This can interpret the correlation between low-frequency oscillation and ocean-atmosphere interaction. Then from the dispersion curves of atmosphere and ocean, we reveal effect of the coupling strength on the propagation of Rossby waves. The convection mechanism between the two modes is also discussed in view of the slowly varying wave train.The results show that Newtonian cooling and Rayleigh friction play a stable rule in oceanic Rossby waves, the period of coupled low-frequency mode grows with the increment of the coupling frequency. The     

RADIATIVE COOLING AND BROADBAND PHENOMENON IN LOW-FREQUENCY WAVES

In this paper, we analyze the effects of radiative cooling on the pure baroclinic low-frequency waves under the approximation of equatorial β-plane and semi-geostrophic condition. The results show that radiative cooling does not, exclusively, provide the damping effects on the development of low-frequency waves.Under the delicate radiative-convective equilibrium, radiative effects will alter the phase speed and wave period,and bring about the broadband of phase velocity and wave period by adjusting the vertical profiles of diabaticheating. When the intensity of diabatic heating is moderate and appropriate, it is conductive to the development and sustaining of the low-frequency waves and their broadband phenomena, not the larger, the better. The radiative cooling cannot be neglected in order to reach the moderate and appropriate intensity of diabatic heating.