基于概念分析的空间数据挖掘研究进展

空间数据挖掘的过程与空间概念形成和分析的过程密切相关.本文以空间数据中抽取出各层次、各粒度的概念为主线,以概念形成和分析的形式化理论--概念格和云模型为理论基础,总结了基于概念分析的空间数据挖掘方法及应用,包括概念格的空间关联规则挖掘方法及应用、概念格的概念聚类挖掘方法及应用、云模型的空间关联规则挖掘方法及应用、云模型的空间聚类/分类挖掘方法及应用等.概念格提供了一种形式化的概念描述和概念结构分析的理论和方法,云模型提供了一种综合处理模糊性、随机性以及二者之间关联性的不确定性理论和方法,利用概念格、云模型等形式化的理论和方法分析和描述空间数据挖掘过程中空间概念的形成、空间概念的结构关系、空间概念之间以及空间概念层次之间的不确定性是概念分析的空间数据挖掘研究的进一步的研究方向.     

2006年8月下旬福建沿海表层温、盐度分析

通过对福建沿海2006年8月20～24日表层温、盐度的调查资料进行分析,得出以下结果:(1)受九龙江、晋江以及闽江冲淡水的影响,福建沿海存在较强的河口锋.(2)在东山、平潭附近海域存在上升流迹象.(3)在沿岸区,潮汐对海水表层温、盐分布的影响显著.     

粤西沿海一次赤潮事件的三维观测

From November 24 to 26, 2014, a red tide event occurred in the offshore water off the Hailing Island located at the western Guangdong coast. The red tide appeared as pink strips distributed within 3 km in the offshore water and extended for about 10 km along the shoreline. During the flood tide, the pink seawater rushed to the beach with breaking waves, forming foam strips on the beach. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction Technologies, Guangdong Ocean University, emergently responded to the event and organized three-dimensional observations from the air, onboard and on beach. The preliminary analyses of the cruise data and water samples indicate that the event was induced by nontoxic Noctiluca scintillans, of which the concentration reaches as high as 4 200 cells/L near the surface and 2 600 cells/L at the bottom.     

2008年中国沿岸冬季寒潮激发陆架波的小波分析

This study applies the wavelet analysis to the tidal gauge records, alongshore winds, atmospheric temperature and pressure along the China coast in winter 2008. The analysis results show three events of sea level oscillations(SLOs) on the shelf induced by winter storms. The first event occurred from January 9 to 21. The SLO periods were double-peaked at 1.6–5.3 and 7.0–16.0 d with the power densities of 0.04–0.05 and 0.10–0.15 m2·d, respectively.The second event occurred from February 5 to 18. The SLO period was single-peaked at 2.3–3.5 d with power density of 0.03–0.04 m2·d. The third event occurred from February 20 to March 8. The SLO periods were doublepeaked at 1.5–4.3 and 6.1–8.2 d with the power densities of 0.08–0.11 and 0.02–0.08 m2·d, respectively. The SLOs propagated along the coast from Zhejiang in north to Guangdong in south. The phase speeds ranged about 9–29m/s from Kanmen to Pingtan, 5–11 m/s from Xiamen to Huizhou and 11–22 m/s from Huizhou to Shuidong. The dispersion relation of the SLOs shows their nature of coastal-trapped wave.     

基于CORS的智能手机高精度定位平台研究

以智能手机为载体,研究了连续运行参考站(CORS)和智能手机相结合高精度导航定位关键技术,形成了基于江苏省连续运行参考站(JS-CORS)的移动终端高精度导航定位解决方案. 同时,开发了相应软件系统,包含一套移动端手机软件(APP)和一套位置管理平台. 基于CORS的智能手机高精度定位平台的建设,对于延伸智能手机在地理测绘、智能交通、应急救援,公共安全等方面多场景应用,拓展CORS应用领域具有重要意义.      

A DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF AIR TEMPERATURE ANOMALY MODE OVER CHINA IN 2009/2010 WINTER BASED ON GENERALIZED EQUILIBRIUM FEEDBACK ASSESSMENT (GEFA) METHOD

By using the observed monthly mean data over 160 stations of China and NCAR/NCEP reanalysis data, the generalized equilibrium feedback assessment(GEFA) method, combined with the methods of EOF analysis, correlation and composite analysis, is used to explore the influence of different SST modes on a wintertime air temperature pattern in which it is cold in the northeast and warm in the southwest in China. The results show that the 2009/2010 winter air temperature oscillation mode between the northern and southern part of China is closely related to the corresponding sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTA) and its associated atmospheric circulation anomalies. Exhibiting warming in Northeast China and cooling in Southwest China, the mode is significantly forced by the El Nio mode and the North Atlantic SSTA mode, which have three poles. Under the influence of SSTA modes, the surface northerly flow transported cold air to North and Northeast China, resulting in low temperatures in the regions. Meanwhile, the mid-latitude westerlies intensify and the polar cold air stays in high latitudes and cannot affect the Southwest China, resulting in the warming there.     

兰州地区新近纪地层的沉积相与古环境记录

兰州地区位于黄土和青藏高原的过渡带,其第三纪地层对研究风尘沉积发育和青藏高原隆升都有着特殊的意义。本研究以0.25 m为间距对厚度210 m的兰州皋兰山剖面的新近纪地层采集样品901个,在实验室对试验样品进行前处理后对其进行了粒度、磁化率和色度测试。用粒度分布函数的方法分离了沉积物的各成因组分,确定了风成组分和水成组分在全剖面沉积物中所占的百分比。结合色度和磁化率的实验结果分析表明,皋兰山剖面地层以风尘沉积为主,其间夹有河流相沉积的约15层砂岩。古环境的恢复表明,兰州地区从至少约7 Ma开始,沉积地层经历了由河湖相向风尘沉积转变,气候干旱化开始,与黄土高原风尘序列堆积底界8～7 Ma基本一致。6～5.2 Ma构造稳定,是比较开阔的平原环境,并且气候条件比较湿热;5.2～3.5 Ma间构造波动比较频繁,形成了间隔性的河流相砂岩沉积,而在气候表现为干冷;自3.5 Ma开始,兰州地区发生相对构造沉陷,五泉砾岩层的发育是对青藏运动A幕的具体响应。     

矿山地质环境治理工程预算探讨

经过最近几十年大规模矿业开发,我国矿山地质环境问题比较突出。国家投入的治理资金也愈来愈多,但预算过粗、不细化、不合理支付、使用效率低等现象愈来愈严重。本文以阜新海州露天矿矿山治理工程投资预算作为案例分析,通过预算取费标准、预算说明、治理工程量及工程单价预算等几个方面,进行了投资估算分析,对矿山企业申请国家治理资金、编制矿山地质环境保护与治理恢复技术方案预算,具有借鉴意义。     

AprilTag图像识别应用于高差传递测量方法研究

为促进计算机视觉及智能机器人技术等在传统高差测量中的应用,本文提出一种非接触式的应用AprilTag图像识别技术的高差传递测量方法。首先以Robomaster EP机器人作为高差测量平台,分别在已知点和待测点位放置AprilTag标签,机器人相机分别识别两侧AprilTag标签并进行相对位姿解算,得到两侧标签中心相对于机器人相机中心的三维坐标差。然后发挥机器人相机旋转中心的高差传递作用,计算得到待测点相对于已知点的高差。通过多组试验分别研究机器人相机的俯仰角α、航向角β的变化对高差传递测量精度的影响。试验结果表明,当机器人相机的俯仰角α∈(-2.9°,3.9°]时,或航向角β∈[-5.5°,1°]时,AprilTag图像识别的综合误差E<0.4,识别效果较好,两点间高差误差p_x小于5 mm,高差传递测量的精度可达毫米级。试验结果表明,使用计算机视觉及智能机器人等技术进行高差测量具有一定可行性,为未来测绘行业研发新型智能测量机器人提供一定理论依据和技术探索。