一类常微分方程组边值问题的求解方法

证明了一类非线性二阶常微分方程组边值问题在一定条件下存在唯一的解并且给出了解的求法。     

柴达木盆地茫崖坳陷古近系—新近系R_o分布特征及地质意义

柴达木盆地西部的茫崖坳陷是青海油田的主力油气产区 ,对该区古近系—新近系镜质组反射率(Ro)进行了系统研究 ,发现其垂向分布有两种规律 :一是 Ro 与垂深有良好的线性关系 ,多分布在坳陷中央 ,反映了沉积环境、物源和构造的稳定性较好 ;二是 Ro 与垂深呈右阶状 ,反映了逆冲叠覆。此外 ,通过 EASY% Ro 方法计算了研究区地层剥蚀厚度 ,认为干柴沟—油泉子为英雄岭隆起的主轴 ,因为剥蚀了 36 0 0～ 375 0 m,所以英雄岭主峰在地形上呈现出隆起主轴的假貌。通过地层剥蚀厚度的研究 ,还发现油气田主要分布在剥蚀梯度带上。这一结论对柴达木盆地油气勘探开发具有重要意义     

基于WebGIS的气象服务产品自动加工关键技术

针对融媒体时代对气象服务产品加工个性化、准实时、智能化新诉求,以SOA架构组件式开发思想为指导,归纳气象服务产品加工业务共性,提出一套集成应用WebGIS、并行计算和大数据技术的气象服务产品自动化加工解决方案。利用组件开发和工作流引擎技术,搭建面向服务体系架构的产品加工模型装备框架,对产品加工组件进行模型编排,实现无须编程情况下的产品加工模型快速构建;利用基于分布式架构的加工服务器集群技术,搭建加工服务器集群环境,对产品加工模型服务进行发布和管理,实现产品加工任务的秒级高并发处理;利用基于消息和定时机制的加工任务调度技术,开发了产品加工任务调度器,通过设置消息主题和定时计划策略,实现加工任务参数智能解析和适配应用,统一协调触发各加工模型服务进行自动化作业。智能化气象服务产品自动加工系统自业务化运行以来,在加工效率、美观性和扩充性等方面表现出很好的应用价值。以温度、降水、风速、相对湿度全国实况格点服务产品加工为例进行实验,加工耗时由797 s缩减至14 s,效率提高50倍以上。     

海洋科技期刊数字出版的机遇和挑战

海洋科技期刊是海洋科技成果交流的重要平台,但传统出版中周期长、论文信息时效性低、信息过载、传播针对性弱等问题制约了其发展。发展数字出版将加速海洋科技成果信息的传播与转化,建立完整的海洋科技期刊产业链。尽管目前海洋科技期刊信息资源分散,缺乏具有影响力的集中传播平台,产业链不完整,数字出版主导权缺失,但我国海洋科技事业发展迅速,海洋科技期刊影响力初具规模,为海洋科技期刊发展数字出版创造了良好的条件。海洋科技期刊可以通过发挥集群优势、强化内容为王和推动产业升级等措施,积极发展数字出版,成为及时有效传播海洋科技成果信息的平台。     

阿尔金断裂为边界的盆地斜坡带扇三角洲

柴达木盆地西部阿尔金断裂系是分割柴达木与塔里木盆地的一条重要的大型逆冲-走滑断裂系,其南缘斜坡西段第三系广泛发育扇三角洲沉积。通过对盆地形成的构造动力学背景及沉积物供给速率、可容空间增长速率、盆地边界条件、源区与湖盆距离等条件分析入手,在大量野外露头精细描述和沉积特征论述的基础上,认为阿尔金斜坡西段第三系发育两种层序序列类型的扇三角洲:退积型和进积型。在此基础上建立了两种扇三角洲沉积模式。阿尔金斜坡西段生储盖组合发育较好。下干柴沟组上部湖相暗色泥岩为主要的烃源岩,进积型扇三角洲前缘水下分流河道、河口坝,以及退积型水下辫状河道砂体具有较好的储集性能和成藏条件,是本区油气勘探的重点。阿尔金斜坡西段第三系扇三角洲的研究为深入讨论阿尔金造山带的形成演化提供了沉积学方面的依据。     

柴达木盆地新生代波动过程及与油气关系

通过对柴达木盆地新生代沉积充填的地质滤波分析证明,约10Ma和约20Ma周期的波动过程是控制柴达木盆地新生代沉积和构造演化最显著的波动过程。在平面上,这两个周期波相近大小的周期大致沿近东西向和北西-南东向分布,分别反映波的传播方向为近南北向和南西-北东向。柴达木盆地新生代的这种波动过程与油气具有十分密切的关系,影响着烃源岩的热演化,并控制了生油凹陷和油气藏的分布。理论分析与勘探实践均证明,波谷带与波峰带之间的波动转换带是油气聚集成藏的有利部位。     

水位变化下菜子湖湿地多目标生态修复方案研究

水文过程塑造了湖泊湿地的主要生态结构和功能,筑坝拦蓄、跨流域调水和航运等人类活动对湖泊的水文节律产生了明显影响,开展水位变化下湖泊的多目标修复,能够使湖泊受到的破坏得到不同程度的恢复。在综述水位变化生态影响和湿地修复方法的基础上,提出了水位变化下的湖泊湿地多目标生态修复框架;在该框架的指导下,制定了引江济淮工程运行后菜子湖湿地的多目标生态修复方案;该方案能满足包括鱼类多样性保护、沉水植物恢复、泥滩和草本沼泽面积维持和水鸟多样性保护等多目标的湿地修复需求,在提高菜子湖湿地生态完整性、可持续性和生物多样性保护方面具有显著优势和可行性。     

基于长时间序列水位数据的长江下游菜子湖候鸟越冬期水位特征

湖泊生态水位过程对维持湖泊生态系统结构、过程和功能的完整性具有重要意义,也是当今湖泊科学领域面临的重要科学问题.基于菜子湖湖区水位站(车富岭水位站) 1956-2018年日水位资料,采用pettitt突变检验法分析水位的突变性特征.结合年保证率法得到菜子湖车富岭水位站低水位值,并在此基础上分析了低水位发生时间及历时、候鸟越冬期水位变化速率及其生态水位的区间阈值.主要结论有:菜子湖车富岭水位站1956-2018年年均水位无显著突变.菜子湖车富岭水位站低水位发生时间均值为年内的344 d,年际标准差为27 d,低水位的年均历时为69 d,标准差为49 d,有6年(1978、1997、2015-2018年)未发生低水位事件.菜子湖候鸟越冬期水位变化速率的均值为-0.009 m/d,年均值为-0.034～0.009 m/d,日均值为-0.051～0.016 m/d.菜子湖低水位发生时间的区间阈值为332～351 d,历时的区间阈值为33～98 d,变化速率的区间阈值为-0.070～0.020 m/d.加强菜子湖候鸟越冬期湿地生境保护适应性调度试验研究及生态环境监测,为菜子湖输水水位优化控制和菜子湖湿地生态保护提供科学依据.     

Trends of sea surface temperature and sea surface temperature fronts in the South China Sea during 2003–2017

The trends of the sea surface temperature(SST) and SST fronts in the South China Sea(SCS) are analyzed during2003–2017 using high-resolution satellite data. The linear trend of the basin averaged SST is 0.31°C per decade,with the strongest warming identified in southeastern Vietnam. Although the rate of warming is comparable in summer and winter for the entire basin, the corresponding spatial patterns of the linear trend are substantially different between them. The SST trend to the west of the Luzon Strait is characterized by rapid warming in summer, exceeding approximately 0.6°C per decade, but the trend is insignificant in winter. The strongest warming trend occurs in the southeast of Vietnam in winter, with much less pronounced warming in summer. A positive trend of SST fronts is identified for the coast of China and is associated with increasing wind stress. The increasing trend of SST fronts is also found in the east of Vietnam. Large-scale circulation, such as El Ni?o, can influence the trends of the SST and SST fronts. A significant correlation is found between the SST anomaly and Ni?o3.4 index, and the ENSO signal leads by eight months. The basin averaged SST linear trends increase after the El Ni?o event(2009–2010), which is, at least, due to the rapid warming rate causing by the enhanced northeasterly wind. Peaks of positive anomalous SST and negatively anomalous SST fronts are found to co-occur with the strong El Ni?o events.     

Formation and evolution of the modern warm current system in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea since the last deglaciation

To reconstruct the formation and evolution process of the warm current system within the East China Sea (ECS) and the Yellow Sea (YS) since the last deglaciation, the paleoceangraphic records in core DGKS9603, core CSH1 and core YSDP102, which were retrieved from the mainstream of the Kuroshio Current (KC), the edge of the modern Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) and muddy region under cold waters accreted with the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) respectively, were synthetically analyzed. The results indicate that the formation and evolution of the modern warm current system in the ECS and the YS has been accompanied by the development of the KC and impulse rising of the sea level since the last deglaciation. The influence of the KC on the Okinawa Trough had enhanced since 16 cal kyr BP, and synchronously the modern TWC began to develop with the rising of sea level and finally formed at about 8.5 cal kyr BP. The KC had experienced two weakening process during the Heinrich event 1 and the Younger Drays event from 16 to 8.5 cal kyr BP. The period of 7–6 cal kyr BP was the strongest stage of the KC and the TWC since the last deglaciation. The YSWC has appeared at about 6.4 cal kyr BP. Thus, the warm current system of the ECS and the YS has ultimately formed. The weakness of the KC, indicated by the occurrence of Pulleniatina minimum event (PME) during the period from 5.3 to 2.8 cal kyr BP, caused the main stream of the TWC to shift eastward to the Pacific Ocean around about 3 cal kyr BP. The process resulted in the intruding of continent shelf cold water mass with rich nutrients. Synchronously, the strength of the YSWC was relatively weak and the related cold water body was active at the early-mid stage of its appearance against the PME background, which resulted in the quick formation of muddy deposit system in the southeastern YS. The strength of the warm current system in the ECS and the YS has enhanced evidently, and approached to the modern condition gradually since 3 cal kyr BP. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 90411014 and 40506015), the National major Fundamental Research and Development Project (No. 2007CB815903) and the CAS Pilot Project of the National Knowledge Innovation Program (No. KZCFX3-SW-233)