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1.
In this paper, the morphological characters of eggs and larvae ofSardinella aurita (Cuvier & Valenciennes), its spawning ground, spawning seasons and spawning conditions have been studied.
Sardinella aurita likes to breed in the upwelling area and selects the Waixie fishing ground as its main spawning ground. The months from February
to September are its spawning seasons, reaching its peak in April. In the main spawning ground, the temperature of the surface
layer was found to be 24.4–25.2°C, the salinity 33.87–34.07%. and the depth of water between 34–60m.
The distribution of the larvae is closely related to the distribution of plankton, the path of migration of adult fish, and
the current direction of the water system.
In order to protect fishery resources, it is necessary to prohibit catching the spawning fish in the Waixie fishing ground
in April, and the catching of immatures from March to June.
This paper was published in Chinese inOcean. Limn. Sinica
14(3): 240–248, 1983. 相似文献
2.
PHYTOPLANKTON DISTRIBUTION AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN THE EAST CHINA SEA(ECS) CONTINENTAL SHELF 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
INTRODUCTIONPhytoplaktonhasakeyroleinthemarineecosystemasthebasicpartinthefoodchain ,whichisimportantinformationforassessingproductivitypotentialandfisheryresources.Phytoplanktonalsohasanimportantroleinthecarbonbiogeochemicalcycle,becauseitcanabsorbala… 相似文献
3.
Nonlinear numerical models of continuously stratified seas are developed for vertical sections to study the mechanism of coastal
upwelling and coastal jets in two kinds of seas: the so-called finite or closed sea bounded by two vertical coastal coasts,
without elevation of sea surface, but with a flat bottom; and the semi-infinite sea bounded by only one vertical coast, with
both an elevation of sea surface and a flat or inclined bottom. Constant wind stress in the first case, and constant wind
stress or negative wind stress curl in the second case, are abruptly imposed. The key procedure for the mathematical analysis
is to calculate the horizontal pressure gradient first by a special treatment. In the first case, the variation of horizontal
components of velocity is changed with time to show three successive time intervals. The results show that the width of baroclinic
jets depends upon (σS)1/2, and that distribution of isopycnic lines delineates the warm and cold regions. The relative importance of each term in the
equilibrium among forces is thus determined. Distribution of stream function in vertical section reveals the upper and bottom
Ekman layers. Two coastal jets are found with different alongshore velocities. The distribution of density anomalies displays
the horizontal diffusion adjustment. An unstable case appears at different surface boundary conditions. In the second case,
the vertical velocity will be stronger in the sea with less stratification, with an inclined bottom, and with a negative wind
stress curl. The horizonatal offshore velocity increases in strength in a sea with inclined bottom and with negative wind
stress curl. The vertical circulation pattern reveals the upwelling only. The distribution of density shows the isopycnic
lines lifted upward near the shores. Obviously, the range of elevation of sea surface near the shore is larger than that far
offshore. The jet width is less than the Rossby radius of deformation. A stronger jet will occur in more shallow water with
negative wind stress curl. The coastal jet does not develop when the coefficient of horizontal turbulence increases to a certain
limiting value. 相似文献
4.
The Taiwan Warm Current Deep Water (or the East China Sea Upper Layer Water, or the East China Sea Subsurface Water) lying
in the deep and bottom layers off the coast of Fujian-Zhejiang is one of the main watermasses in the continental shelf region
of the western East China Sea. The hydrographical conditions and the fishery productions in this region are affected remarkably
by the decline and growth of the Taiwan Warm Current Deep Water.
Although the temperature, salinity and origin of the Taiwan Warm Current Deep Water have been investigated[3] by oceanographers the world over, there are up to now few papers published on its characteristics of ariations (seasonal
and multiyear variations). Understanding of this problem will be helpful to further characterize this watermass. For this
reason, in this paper, section 28°N representing the middle Taiwan Warm Current Deep Water and section 30°N representing the
northern Taiwan Warm Current Deep Water are taken for examples, and the method of similar coefficient is used for analysis
of this problem.
Contribution No. 861 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica.
This paper was published in Chinese inOceanologia et Limnologia, Sinica
14 (4): 357–366. 相似文献
5.
Experiments on salimity tolerance of embryos and larvae of the southern bay scallopArgopecten irradians concentricus Say under controlled temperature of 28°C showed that although the eggs were fertilized and cleaved at salinity 18.1–37.4,
they could further develop into normal D-shaped larvae only at salinity 23.4–36.1, while the trochophore larvae could develop
into normal D—shaped larvae at salinity 22.1–39.9. For 72 hours, the larvae could tolerate salinity of 18.4–43.9, the salinity
favoring growth was 19.8–42.4; the suitable range was 21–36, and the optimum at about 28. They metamorphosed at salinity 18.9–43.5,
optimally at 24–32.
Contribution No. 3301 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The research was supported by the National Climbing Project B(PDB6-3-2). 相似文献
6.
The upper ocean response to tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific analyzed with Argo data 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A large number of autonomous profiling floats deployed in global oceans have provided abundant temperature and salinity profiles of the upper ocean. Many floats occasionally profile observations during the passage of tropical cyclones. These in-situ observations are valuable and useful in studying the ocean’s response to tropical cyclones, which are rarely observed due to harsh weather conditions. In this paper, the upper ocean response to the tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific during 2000–2005 is analyzed and discussed based on the data from Argo profiling floats. Results suggest that the passage of tropical cyclones caused the deepening of mixed layer depth (MLD), cooling of mixed layer temperature (MLT), and freshening of mixed layer salinity (MLS). The change in MLT is negatively correlated to wind speed. The cooling of the MLT extended for 50–150 km on the right side of the cyclone track. The change of MLS is almost symmetrical in distribution on both sides of the track, and the change of MLD is negatively correlated to pre-cyclone initial MLD. 相似文献
7.
The wind waves generated by cold waves are some of the most dangerous waves in Bohai Bay. In this paper records of the wind
waves under the influence of cold waves in November, 1968, are discussed. It is shown that the north wind is very strong in
spring and winter. The frequency spectrum of the development and decline of wind waves depends mainly on the wind speed. The
change of shape and scale parameters of the spectrum are discussed and the calculation equations are shown.
This paper was published in Chinese inOceanologia et Limnologia Sinica.16(2): 147–155, 1985. 相似文献
8.
A synoptic-scale upwelling event that developed off the east coast of the Hainan Island(EHIU) in the summer of 2010 is defi ned well via processing the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) sea surface temperature(SST) data. The Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS) with high spatial resolution has been used to investigate this upwelling event. By comparing the ROMS results against tide station data, Argo fl oat profi les and MODIS SST, it is confi rmed that the ROMS reproduces the EHIU well. The cooler-water core(CWC) distinguished by waters(27) 27.5°C in the EHIU, which occurred in the east Qiongzhou Strait mouth area and was bounded by a high temperature gradient, was the focus of this paper. Vertical structure of the CWC suggests that interaction between the westward fl ow and the bathymetry slope played a signifi cant role in the formation of CWC. Numerical experiments indicated that the westward fl ow in the Qiongzhou Strait was the result of tidal rectifi cation over variable topography(Shi et al., 2002), thus tides played a critical role on the development of the CWC. The negative wind stress curl that dominated the east Qiongzhou Strait mouth area suppressed the intensity of the CWC by 0.2–0.4°C. Further, nonlinear interaction between tidal currents and wind stress enhanced vertical mixing greatly, which would benefi t the development of the CWC. 相似文献
9.
We addressed the mesoscale structure variation of the central South China Sea (SCS) with the measurements by a long-lived
Argo float and a high-resolution ATLAS buoy during 1998–2002. T-S diagram indicates cooling and freshening events in 2000
and 2001 with lower salinity (0.5–0.8) and lower temperature (1–1.7°C). Significant decrease in the net heat flux and increase
in the precipitation suggest that the cooling and freshening is due to extra forcing by the atmosphere. Additional to large
year-to-year changes, intraseasonal variability is moderate in the research area. The axis of the maximum intraseasonal temperature
and salinity signals are mainly located on the thermocline. Typically, amplitude and period of intraseasonal temperature is
about 2°C and 40–60 days, and that of salinity is 0.3–0.5 and 35–60 days. Rapidly-changing winds, heat flux, and precipitation
are critical in controlling the intraseasonal fluctuations of the mixed layer of the area. Studies on heat and freshwater
balance in the mixed-layer further suggest that horizontal advection plays an important role in intraseasonal fluctuation
in the upper ocean. In addition, the energetic mesoscale propagation radiated from the east boundary is linked to the intraseasonal
variability in winter. 相似文献
10.
Wu Chaoyuan Li Jiajun Xia Enzhan Peng Zhuosheng Tan Shuzhi Li Jun Wen Zongcun Huang Xiaohang Cai Zulin Chen Guojun 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1989,7(4):327-334
A 2-year study onKappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty introduced to Hainan Island from the Philippines in 1985 showed promising results. The average daily growth in
weight reached 10% at a favourable temperature of about 26°C. Experimental results showed that timely cutting of the plant
was an effective way to obtain new cuttings for cultivation and accelerate growth. New cuttings 0.05 kg in weight are suggested
to be used as “seeds” and the old plant should be harvested. At present, artificial cultivation with a type of underwater
raft applicable in places where there is strong wind will expand cultivation to more regions in Hainan Province.
This paper was originally published in Chinese inOceanologia et Limnologia Sinica
19(5): 410–418, 1988. The plant under discussion wasEucheuma alvarezii Doty which was previously calledE. striatum in the article, and which now becomesKappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty. To the original title, “in China” was added. Only the essence of the original article was presented. 相似文献
11.
During the Global Weather Experiment oceanographic measurements were recorded during winter and summer in the western Pacific
region 5°S−5°N, 160°E−175°E. The variations of the upper ocean temperature and salinity fields were produced by the large
seasonal and spatial wind fluctuations. The vertical temperature structure of the thermocline at the equator, the meridional
slope of the thermocline south of the equator, and the northward penetration of high salinity water were related to the direction
and intensity of the zonal wind-stress.
(NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory)
Contribution No. 1307 from the Institute of Ocean., Academia Sinica. Received Sept. 3, 1985 相似文献
12.
Twenty-four compounds including eight steroids (1–8), nine triterpenoids (9–16, 24), three flavonoids (20–22), and four benzenecarboxylic derivatives (17–19, 23) were isolated and identified from stems and twigs of medicinal mangrove plant Sonneratia caseolaris. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. Among these
metabolites, compounds 1, 4–20 and 22–24 were isolated and identified for the first time from S. caseolaris. In the in vitro cytotoxic assay against SMMC-7721 human hepatoma cells, compound 21 (3′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) exhibited significant activity with IC50 2.8 μg/mL, while oleanolic acid (14), 3,3′-di-O-methyl ether ellagic acid (18), and 3,3′,4-O-tri-O-methyl ether ellagic acid (19) showed weak activity. None of these compounds displayed significant antibacterial activites.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30770234); Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy
of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-211-04); Department of Science and Technology of Shandong Province (No.2006GG2205023) 相似文献
13.
In this paper, the linear continuously stratified ntxiel of the abyssal circulation proposed by Pedlosky (1992) was emended to include the second order term - (γθm) in the vertical turbulent mixing pararneterization of - (ω‘θ‘)x = kvθxx- θxxx, in which kv is a vertical diffusion coefficient,and γ is the second order coefficient of turbulent mixing (or simply called γ-term and γ<0 is only allcmed). The influence of the γ-tema on the baroclinic structure of the abyssal circulation driven by up-welling out of the abyss was investigated, It was found that the γ-term has a noticeable influence on thebaroclinic structure of the upwelling driven abyssal circulation. For uniform upwelling, it favors the baroelinic layering of the abyssal circulation in the eastern part of the basin, but prevents the layering in thewest. In addition, this parameter was found to decrease the vertically averaging meridional velocity of theabyssal circulation frcrn the west to the east on the southern boundary. For upwelling localized near theeastern boundary, the γ - term favors baroclinic layering of the abyssal circulation in the whole basin.Especially, on the southern boundary the γ - term could strengthen the vertically averaging meridional ve-loeity in the west, but gready weaken it in the east. The ntntel presented here might be considered as anextension of the Pedlosky baroclinic ntntel of the abyssal circulation. 相似文献
14.
Bay scallops were introduced from the east coast of the U.S. into China to shorten the economic turn-over from 2 to 1 year.
Parent scallops were carried to Qingdao on Dec. 20, 1982 and stocked in indoor tanks at controlled temperature and fed with
a mixture ofPhaeodictylum tricornutum, Pyramimonas sp. andChlorella sp. They spawned on Jan. 26 of the next year. The larvae were reared at a temperature of 18–21°C and fed withIsochrysis galbana, Pyramimonas sp. andChorella sp. In 4 weeks’ growing, the spats averaged 827 μm. They attained a height of 6.9 mm on May 9. In the middle of May, the
seed scallops were transferred to Luoyuan Bay in Fujian Province, and Jiaozhou Bay, as well as the area off Taiping Jiao Cape,
Qingdao, Shandong Province for experimental culture in plastic netcages suspended on a single line raft.
Bay scallops cultured in Luoyuan Bay grew to an averaged shell height of 10.4 mm. In Jiaozhou Bay and the Taiping Jiao Cape
culture area, they grew to 50 mm in average shell height (marketable size) and 26 g in average weight by late September; and
attained 59 mm in average shell height (R. 39–75 mm) and 46 g in average weight in late December. The ovary and testis could
be distinguished by color in August. In early September, eggs and sperms were collected for our laboratory where the second
generation of seed scallops was successfully reared to suitable size for growing outdoor and breeding. This species can be
harvested within a year after fertilization of the eggs, so we consider it suitable for culture in the Yellow Sea and East
China Sea. This is the first reported successful introduction of Atlantic mollusks to the China Seas.
This paper was published in Chinese inOceanologia et Limnologia Sinica
17 (5): 367–374, 1986. 相似文献
15.
This paper reports the approprite ranges of Mg^2 ,Ca^2 and their ratio Mg^2 /Ca^2 in mixed seawater for rearing of Penaeus japonicus larvae,The ranges for the above three indices are 1150-1450mg/L,360-440mg/L and 2.8-3.4,respectively,the proper salinity range of mixed seawater is 22.1-33.9 obtained by mixing estuarine water and concentrated seawater. 相似文献
16.
In this paper, the sea-air heat exchange over the Kuroshio in the East China Sea during the winters of 1954–1972 is computed
and analysed. The results indicate that the year to year anomalies of sea-air heat exchange are obvious and the values are
mainly controlled by the intensity of the cold air at the same time. The authors have found a close relationship between sea-air
heat exchange and precipitation in the region of the Changjiang River during the early summer. Finally, the predicting indication
for forecasting this precipitation around the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River in June is given.
Contribution No. 839 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica.
This paper was published in Chinese inOceanologia et Limnologia Sinica
14 (3): 256–262, 1983. 相似文献
17.
Tang Yingwu 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1984,2(2):188-193
Using a “three parameters” bottom model, the average sound intensity in homogeneous shallow water with constant depth is found
by a better expression to be finite for normal mode number of water layer. The space structure of the sound field and some
factors controlling the near, middle and far fields are discussed with this expression.
This paper was published in Chinese inOceanologia et Limnologia Sinica
14 (2): 198–202, 1983. 相似文献
18.
Interannual variability of transport and bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current in the tropical North Pacific Ocean 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The relationship of the interannual variability of the transport and bifurcation latitude of the North Equatorial Current (NEC) to the El Ni o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is investigated. This is done through composite analysis of sea surface height (SSH) observed by satellite altimeter during October 1992-July 2009, and correspondingly derived sea surface geostrophic currents. During El Nio/La Ni a years, the SSH in the tropical North Pacific Ocean falls/rises, with maximum changes in the region 0-15°N, 130°E-160°E. The decrease/increase in SSH induces a cyclonic/anticyclonic anomaly in the western tropical gyre. The cyclonic/anticyclonic anomaly in the gyre results in an increase/decrease of NEC transport, and a northward/southward shift of the NEC bifurcation latitude near the Philippine coast. The variations are mainly in response to anomalous wind forcing in the west-central tropical North Pacific Ocean, related to ENSO events. 相似文献
19.
Determination of the Current System on Isopycnal Surface Between Mindanao and New Guinea from GDEM 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Peter C Chu 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2003,21(3):193-213
1 .INTRODUCTIONThewesternequatorialPacific ,particularlythesouthernmostPhilippineSea ,wascalled“watermasscrossroads”byFineetal.(1 994 )duetotheconfluencethereofseveralwatermassesfromhigherlatitudesofbothhemispheres (Wyrtki,1 96 1 ;Fineetal.,1 994 ) .Fineetal.(1 994 )de picted (Fig .1 )majorcurrentsintheIndonesianregion .AfterencounteringthewesternboundaryalongthePhilippinecoast,theNorthEquatorialCur rent (NEC)bifurcatesintothenorthwardflowingKuroshioandthesouthwardflowingMindanao… 相似文献
20.
Effects of reduced salinity on the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and the ammonia-N excretion rate (AER) of scallopChlamys farreri (3.2–5.9 cm in shell height, 0.147–1.635 g in soft tissue dry weight) were studied in laboratory from March 21, 1997 to April
16, 1997. Under the controlled conditions of reduced salinity from 31.5 to 15.0 and ambient temperature 17°C and 23°C, the
concentrations of dissolved oxygen and ammonia-N were determined by the Winkle method and the hypobromite method, respectively.
Results showed that with controlled reduced salinity, the mean values of the OCR were 2.17 mg/(g.h) at 17°C, and 2.86 mg/(g.h)
at 23°C and that the mean values of the AER were 178.0 μg/(g.h) at 17°C and 147.0 μg/(g.h) at 23°C. The OCR and the AER decreased
with reducing salinity from 31.5 to 15.0 both at 17°C and 23°C. The effects of reduced salinity on the OCR and the AER of
scallopC. farreri could be represented by the allometric equation and the exponential equation, respectively.
Contribution No. 3295 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Project supported by the National Ministry of Science and Technology of China and by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant
No. 96-922-02-04 and KZ951-A1-102-02. 相似文献